diff --git a/resources/Materials/TestSuite/_options.mtlx b/resources/Materials/TestSuite/_options.mtlx
index 49b0b7cc39..13254f79eb 100644
--- a/resources/Materials/TestSuite/_options.mtlx
+++ b/resources/Materials/TestSuite/_options.mtlx
@@ -84,5 +84,22 @@
          Default is false to avoid overhead when not profiling.
     -->
     <input name="enableTracing" type="boolean" value="true" />
+
+    <!-- Number of frames to render per material for GPU timing.
+         Default is 1. Set higher (e.g., 5-10) for statistical validity.
+         First frame often includes driver shader compilation overhead;
+         use warm-up frame analysis to discard initial samples.
+    -->
+    <input name="framesPerMaterial" type="integer" value="1" />
+
+    <!-- envSampleCount (integer, default 1024):
+         Number of environment radiance samples for IBL lighting.
+         Lower values (1-16) are more representative of real-time
+         rendering and make shader complexity a larger fraction of
+         GPU time. When not set, enableReferenceQuality=true
+         overrides the default to 4096.
+         Uncomment to activate:
+    <input name="envSampleCount" type="integer" value="1024" />
+    -->
   </nodedef>
 </materialx>
diff --git a/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXGenShader/GenShaderUtil.cpp b/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXGenShader/GenShaderUtil.cpp
index e2a197e1cc..761fd530f4 100644
--- a/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXGenShader/GenShaderUtil.cpp
+++ b/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXGenShader/GenShaderUtil.cpp
@@ -1006,6 +1006,8 @@ void TestSuiteOptions::print(std::ostream& output) const
     output << "\tEnable Reference Quality: " << enableReferenceQuality << std::endl;
     output << "\tOutput Directory: " << (outputDirectory.isEmpty() ? "(default)" : outputDirectory.asString()) << std::endl;
     output << "\tEnable Tracing: " << enableTracing << std::endl;
+    output << "\tFrames Per Material: " << framesPerMaterial << std::endl;
+    output << "\tEnv Sample Count: " << envSampleCount << std::endl;
 }
 
 bool TestSuiteOptions::readOptions(const std::string& optionFile)
@@ -1033,6 +1035,8 @@ bool TestSuiteOptions::readOptions(const std::string& optionFile)
     const std::string ENABLE_REFERENCE_QUALITY("enableReferenceQuality");
     const std::string OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_STRING("outputDirectory");
     const std::string ENABLE_TRACING_STRING("enableTracing");
+    const std::string FRAMES_PER_MATERIAL_STRING("framesPerMaterial");
+    const std::string ENV_SAMPLE_COUNT_STRING("envSampleCount");
 
     overrideFiles.clear();
     dumpGeneratedCode = false;
@@ -1041,6 +1045,8 @@ bool TestSuiteOptions::readOptions(const std::string& optionFile)
     enableIndirectLighting = true;
     enableReferenceQuality = false;
 
+    bool envSampleCountSet = false;
+
     mx::DocumentPtr doc = mx::createDocument();
     try
     {
@@ -1148,10 +1154,28 @@ bool TestSuiteOptions::readOptions(const std::string& optionFile)
                     {
                         enableTracing = val->asA<bool>();
                     }
+                    else if (name == FRAMES_PER_MATERIAL_STRING)
+                    {
+                        int frames = val->asA<int>();
+                        framesPerMaterial = (frames >= 1) ? static_cast<unsigned int>(frames) : 1u;
+                    }
+                    else if (name == ENV_SAMPLE_COUNT_STRING)
+                    {
+                        int count = val->asA<int>();
+                        envSampleCount = (count >= 1) ? count : 1024;
+                        envSampleCountSet = true;
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }
 
+        // If reference quality is enabled and envSampleCount wasn't explicitly
+        // overridden, use the higher sample count for reference-quality rendering.
+        if (enableReferenceQuality && !envSampleCountSet)
+        {
+            envSampleCount = 4096;
+        }
+
         // Handle direct and indirect lighting toggles.
         if (!enableDirectLighting)
         {
diff --git a/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXGenShader/GenShaderUtil.h b/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXGenShader/GenShaderUtil.h
index e6ae23f19f..d8e58c4e6a 100644
--- a/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXGenShader/GenShaderUtil.h
+++ b/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXGenShader/GenShaderUtil.h
@@ -126,6 +126,15 @@ class TestSuiteOptions
     // Default is false to avoid overhead when not profiling.
     bool enableTracing = false;
 
+    // Number of frames to render per material for GPU timing.
+    // Default is 1. Set higher (e.g., 5-10) for statistical validity.
+    // First frame often includes driver shader compilation overhead.
+    unsigned int framesPerMaterial = 1;
+
+    // Number of environment radiance samples for IBL lighting.
+    // Default is 1024. Lower values (1-16) are more representative of real-time rendering.
+    int envSampleCount = 1024;
+
     // Helper to resolve output path for an artifact.
     // If outputDirectory is set, returns outputDirectory/filename.
     // Otherwise returns the original path unchanged.
diff --git a/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXRenderGlsl/RenderGlsl.cpp b/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXRenderGlsl/RenderGlsl.cpp
index 197c43c93e..81b5f82ffc 100644
--- a/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXRenderGlsl/RenderGlsl.cpp
+++ b/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXRenderGlsl/RenderGlsl.cpp
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ void GlslShaderRenderTester::registerLights(mx::DocumentPtr document,
     // Apply light settings for render tests.
     _lightHandler->setEnvRadianceMap(envRadiance);
     _lightHandler->setEnvIrradianceMap(envIrradiance);
-    _lightHandler->setEnvSampleCount(options.enableReferenceQuality ? 4096 : 1024);
+    _lightHandler->setEnvSampleCount(options.envSampleCount);
     _lightHandler->setRefractionTwoSided(true);
 }
 
@@ -356,7 +356,10 @@ bool GlslShaderRenderTester::runRenderer(const std::string& shaderName,
                     unsigned int width = (unsigned int) testOptions.renderSize[0] * supersampleFactor;
                     unsigned int height = (unsigned int) testOptions.renderSize[1] * supersampleFactor;
                     _renderer->setSize(width, height);
-                    _renderer->render();
+                    for (unsigned int frame = 0; frame < testOptions.framesPerMaterial; frame++)
+                    {
+                        _renderer->render();
+                    }
                 }
 
                 {
diff --git a/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXRenderMsl/RenderMsl.mm b/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXRenderMsl/RenderMsl.mm
index c6340101da..09bd40185b 100644
--- a/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXRenderMsl/RenderMsl.mm
+++ b/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXRenderMsl/RenderMsl.mm
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ bool runRenderer(const std::string& shaderName,
     // Apply light settings for render tests.
     _lightHandler->setEnvRadianceMap(envRadiance);
     _lightHandler->setEnvIrradianceMap(envIrradiance);
-    _lightHandler->setEnvSampleCount(options.enableReferenceQuality ? 4096 : 1024);
+    _lightHandler->setEnvSampleCount(options.envSampleCount);
     _lightHandler->setRefractionTwoSided(true);
 }
 
@@ -357,7 +357,10 @@ bool runRenderer(const std::string& shaderName,
                     unsigned int width = (unsigned int) testOptions.renderSize[0] * supersampleFactor;
                     unsigned int height = (unsigned int) testOptions.renderSize[1] * supersampleFactor;
                     _renderer->setSize(width, height);
-                    _renderer->render();
+                    for (unsigned int frame = 0; frame < testOptions.framesPerMaterial; frame++)
+                    {
+                        _renderer->render();
+                    }
                 }
 
                 {
diff --git a/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXRenderSlang/RenderSlang.cpp b/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXRenderSlang/RenderSlang.cpp
index 7a96b7af78..f67b370e01 100644
--- a/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXRenderSlang/RenderSlang.cpp
+++ b/source/MaterialXTest/MaterialXRenderSlang/RenderSlang.cpp
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ void SlangShaderRenderTester::registerLights(mx::DocumentPtr document,
     // Apply light settings for render tests.
     _lightHandler->setEnvRadianceMap(envRadiance);
     _lightHandler->setEnvIrradianceMap(envIrradiance);
-    _lightHandler->setEnvSampleCount(options.enableReferenceQuality ? 4096 : 1024);
+    _lightHandler->setEnvSampleCount(options.envSampleCount);
     _lightHandler->setRefractionTwoSided(true);
 }
 
@@ -350,7 +350,10 @@ bool SlangShaderRenderTester::runRenderer(const std::string& shaderName,
                     unsigned int width = (unsigned int) testOptions.renderSize[0] * supersampleFactor;
                     unsigned int height = (unsigned int) testOptions.renderSize[1] * supersampleFactor;
                     _renderer->setSize(width, height);
-                    _renderer->render();
+                    for (unsigned int frame = 0; frame < testOptions.framesPerMaterial; frame++)
+                    {
+                        _renderer->render();
+                    }
                 }
 
                 {