diff --git a/.devcontainer/Dockerfile b/.devcontainer/Dockerfile
index a6b7c4b24..f2b5a000f 100644
--- a/.devcontainer/Dockerfile
+++ b/.devcontainer/Dockerfile
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ARG VARIANT
 FROM mcr.microsoft.com/vscode/devcontainers/base:0-${VARIANT}
 
 RUN apt-get update && export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive \
-    && apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends binutils-arm-none-eabi gcc-arm-none-eabi libpng-dev build-essential clang-format-13 xorg-dev libsdl2-dev gcc-mingw-w64 libarchive-tools
+    && apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends binutils-arm-none-eabi gcc-arm-none-eabi libpng-dev build-essential clang-format-13 xorg-dev libsdl2-dev g++-mingw-w64 gcc-mingw-w64 libarchive-tools
 
 WORKDIR /deps
 RUN git clone https://github.com/pret/agbcc.git && cd agbcc && ./build.sh
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index 9455fbe23..5f165da63 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -2,39 +2,39 @@ name: CI
 
 on:
   push:
-    branches: [ main ]
+    branches: [main]
   pull_request:
   pull_request_target:
 
 jobs:
   format:
-    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork}} 
+    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork}}
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout PR
-        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target'}} 
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target'}}
         uses: actions/checkout@master
         with:
           ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
       - name: Checkout
         if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' }}
         uses: actions/checkout@master
-      
+
       - name: Install tools
         run: |
           sudo apt update && sudo apt install clang-format-13
-      
+
       - name: Check formatting
         run: |
           make check_format
 
   build-gba:
-    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork}} 
+    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork}}
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     name: Build GBA (USA)
     steps:
       - name: Checkout PR
-        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target'}} 
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target'}}
         uses: actions/checkout@master
         with:
           ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout
         if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' }}
         uses: actions/checkout@master
-       
+
       - name: Checkout gh-pages
         if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' }}
         uses: actions/checkout@master
@@ -120,17 +120,17 @@ jobs:
           cwd: "./gh-pages"
           add: "reports maps"
           message: ${{ env.REPORTS_COMMIT_MSG }}
-  
+
   build-gba-variants:
-    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork}} 
+    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork}}
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     name: Build GBA (${{ matrix.variant }})
     strategy:
-      matrix: 
+      matrix:
         variant: ["europe", "japan", "japan_vc", "usa_beta"]
     steps:
       - name: Checkout PR
-        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target'}} 
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target'}}
         uses: actions/checkout@master
         with:
           ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout
         if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' }}
         uses: actions/checkout@master
-       
+
       - name: Checkout gh-pages
         if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' }}
         uses: actions/checkout@master
@@ -167,15 +167,15 @@ jobs:
 
   ports:
     strategy:
-      matrix: 
-        platform: ["sdl", "sdl_win32", "win32"]
+      matrix:
+        platform: ["sdl", "sdl_win32", "win32", "ps2"]
         os: ["ubuntu-22.04", "macos-15"]
-    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork}} 
+    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork}}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     name: Build ${{ matrix.platform }} (${{ matrix.os }})
     steps:
       - name: Checkout PR
-        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target'}} 
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target'}}
         uses: actions/checkout@master
         with:
           ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
@@ -187,32 +187,46 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install tools (Linux)
         if: ${{ matrix.os == 'ubuntu-22.04' }}
         run: |
-          sudo apt update && sudo apt install xorg-dev libsdl2-dev gcc-mingw-w64 libarchive-tools
+          sudo apt update && sudo apt install xorg-dev libsdl2-dev g++-mingw-w64 gcc-mingw-w64 libarchive-tools mkisofs
 
       - name: Install Tools (Macos)
         if: ${{ matrix.os == 'macos-15' }}
         run: |
-          brew install libpng sdl2 mingw-w64 arm-none-eabi-gcc
-  
+          brew install libpng sdl2 mingw-w64 arm-none-eabi-gcc cdrtools
+
       - name: Install SDL for win32
         if: ${{ matrix.platform == 'sdl_win32' }}
         run: |
           make SDL2.dll
-  
+
+      # TODO: Don't install latest SDK, use a stable version
+      - name: Install PS2DEV
+        if: ${{ matrix.platform == 'ps2' }}
+        run: |
+          PS2DEV="$HOME/ps2dev"
+          echo "PS2DEV=$HOME/ps2dev" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          mkdir -p $PS2DEV
+          echo "PS2SDK=$PS2DEV/ps2sdk" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          echo "GSKIT=$PS2DEV/gsKit" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          echo "$PS2DEV/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+          echo "$PS2DEV/ee/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+          curl -o ps2dev-latest.tar.gz -LC - https://github.com/ps2dev/ps2dev/releases/download/latest/ps2dev-$(if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then echo macos; else echo ubuntu; fi)-latest.tar.gz
+          tar -xf ps2dev-latest.tar.gz --strip-components 1 -C $PS2DEV
+
       - name: ${{ matrix.platform }}
         run: |
           make -j${nproc} ${{ matrix.platform }}
 
   test:
     strategy:
-      matrix: 
+      matrix:
         platform: ["sdl"]
-    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork}} 
+    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork}}
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     name: TAS Test ${{ matrix.platform }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout PR
-        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target'}} 
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target'}}
         uses: actions/checkout@master
         with:
           ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
@@ -223,17 +237,17 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Install tools
         run: |
-          sudo apt update && sudo apt install xorg-dev libsdl2-dev gcc-mingw-w64 libarchive-tools
-  
+          sudo apt update && sudo apt install xorg-dev libsdl2-dev g++-mingw-w64 gcc-mingw-w64 libarchive-tools
+
       - name: Install SDL for win32
         if: ${{ matrix.platform == 'sdl_win32' }}
         run: |
           make SDL2.dll
-  
+
       - name: Build ${{ matrix.platform }}
         run: |
           make -j${nproc} ${{ matrix.platform }} TAS_TESTING=1
-      
+
       - name: Run TAS
         timeout-minutes: 1
         env:
@@ -242,12 +256,12 @@ jobs:
           ./sa2.${{ matrix.platform }}
 
   level_editor:
-    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork}} 
+    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork}}
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     name: Level editor (BriBaSA)
     steps:
       - name: Checkout PR
-        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target'}} 
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'pull_request_target'}}
         uses: actions/checkout@master
         with:
           ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
@@ -259,7 +273,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install deps
         run: |
           sudo apt update && sudo apt install xorg-dev libsdl2-dev
-  
+
       - name: Build
         run: |
           make -j${nproc} bribasa
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 60cc4e932..cf418a746 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -85,6 +85,12 @@ libagbsyscall/*.s
 *.exe
 *.dll
 *.sdl
+*.iso
+
+# PSP build outputs
+EBOOT.PBP
+PARAM.SFO
+sa2_debug.log
 
 # third party deps
 /ext
diff --git a/INSTALL.md b/INSTALL.md
index 8315370fc..4feb4b25f 100644
--- a/INSTALL.md
+++ b/INSTALL.md
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Install WSL (Ubuntu). Once installed, open this project in the WSL terminal and
 #### On Linux (including WSL)
 ```
 sudo apt update
-sudo apt install build-essential binutils-arm-none-eabi gcc-arm-none-eabi libpng-dev xorg-dev libsdl2-dev gcc-mingw-w64 libarchive-tools
+sudo apt install build-essential binutils-arm-none-eabi gcc-arm-none-eabi libpng-dev xorg-dev libsdl2-dev g++-mingw-w64 gcc-mingw-w64 libarchive-tools
 ```
 
 #### On MacOS
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index b972750e0..a7429b953 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -52,6 +52,14 @@ else ifeq ($(CPU_ARCH),i386)
     TOOLCHAIN := /usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/
     PREFIX := x86_64-w64-mingw32-
   endif
+# PSP
+else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),psp)
+  PSPDEV    ?= $(HOME)/pspdev
+  PSPSDK    := $(PSPDEV)/psp/sdk
+  export PATH := $(PSPDEV)/bin:$(PATH)
+  PREFIX    := psp-
+else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),ps2)
+  PREFIX := mips64r5900el-ps2-elf-
 else
 # Native
   ifneq ($(PLATFORM),sdl)
@@ -74,6 +82,7 @@ CC1       := tools/agbcc/bin/agbcc$(EXE)
 CC1_OLD   := tools/agbcc/bin/old_agbcc$(EXE)
 else
 CC1       := $(PREFIX)gcc$(EXE)
+CXX       := $(PREFIX)g++$(EXE)
 CC1_OLD   := $(CC1)
 endif
 
@@ -120,6 +129,14 @@ else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),sdl)
 ROM      := $(BUILD_NAME).sdl
 ELF      := $(ROM).elf
 MAP      := $(ROM).map
+else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),psp)
+ROM      := EBOOT.PBP
+ELF      := $(BUILD_NAME).psp.elf
+MAP      := $(BUILD_NAME).psp.map
+else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),ps2)
+ROM      := $(BUILD_NAME).$(PLATFORM).iso
+ELF      := $(ROM:.iso=.elf)
+MAP      := $(ROM:.iso=.map)
 else
 ROM      := $(BUILD_NAME).$(PLATFORM).exe
 ELF      := $(ROM:.exe=.elf)
@@ -156,16 +173,28 @@ TILESETS_SUBDIR = graphics/tilesets/
 ifeq ($(PLATFORM),gba)
 C_SRCS := $(shell find $(C_SUBDIR) -name "*.c" -not -path "*/platform/*")
 else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),sdl)
-C_SRCS := $(shell find $(C_SUBDIR) -name "*.c" -not -path "*/platform/win32/*")
+C_SRCS := $(shell find $(C_SUBDIR) -name "*.c" -not -path "*/platform/win32/*" -not -path "*/platform/ps2/*")
+else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),psp)
+C_SRCS := $(shell find $(C_SUBDIR) -name "*.c" -not -path "*/platform/win32/*" -not -path "*/platform/ps2/*")
+else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),ps2)
+C_SRCS := $(shell find $(C_SUBDIR) -name "*.c" -not -path "*/platform/win32/*" -not -path "*/platform/pret_sdl/*")
 else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),sdl_win32)
-C_SRCS := $(shell find $(C_SUBDIR) -name "*.c" -not -path "*/platform/win32/*")
+C_SRCS := $(shell find $(C_SUBDIR) -name "*.c" -not -path "*/platform/win32/*" -not -path "*/platform/ps2/*")
 else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),win32)
-C_SRCS := $(shell find $(C_SUBDIR) -name "*.c" -not -path "*/platform/pret_sdl/*")
+C_SRCS := $(shell find $(C_SUBDIR) -name "*.c" -not -path "*/platform/pret_sdl/*" -not -path "*/platform/ps2/*")
 else
 C_SRCS := $(shell find $(C_SUBDIR) -name "*.c")
 endif
 C_OBJS := $(patsubst $(C_SUBDIR)/%.c,$(C_BUILDDIR)/%.o,$(C_SRCS))
 
+ifeq ($(PLATFORM),gba)
+CXX_SRCS := $(shell find $(C_SUBDIR) -name "*.cc" -not -path "*/platform/*")
+else
+CXX_SRCS := $(shell find $(C_SUBDIR) -name "*.cc")
+endif
+
+CXX_OBJS := $(patsubst $(C_SUBDIR)/%.cc,$(C_BUILDDIR)/%.o,$(CXX_SRCS))
+
 # Platform not included as we only need the headers for decomp scratches
 C_HEADERS := $(shell find $(INCLUDE_DIRS) -name "*.h" -not -path "*/platform/*")
 
@@ -189,7 +218,7 @@ MID_OBJS := $(patsubst $(MID_SUBDIR)/%.mid,$(MID_BUILDDIR)/%.o,$(MID_SRCS))
 SOUND_ASM_SRCS := $(wildcard $(SOUND_ASM_SUBDIR)/*.s)
 SOUND_ASM_OBJS := $(patsubst $(SOUND_ASM_SUBDIR)/%.s,$(SOUND_ASM_BUILDDIR)/%.o,$(SOUND_ASM_SRCS))
 
-OBJS := $(C_OBJS) $(ASM_OBJS) $(C_ASM_OBJS) $(DATA_ASM_OBJS) $(SONG_OBJS) $(MID_OBJS)
+OBJS := $(C_OBJS) $(CXX_OBJS) $(ASM_OBJS) $(C_ASM_OBJS) $(DATA_ASM_OBJS) $(SONG_OBJS) $(MID_OBJS)
 OBJS_REL := $(patsubst $(OBJ_DIR)/%,%,$(OBJS))
 
 FORMAT_SRC_PATHS := $(shell find . -name "*.c" ! -path '*/src/data/*' ! -path '*/build/*' ! -path '*/ext/*')
@@ -225,6 +254,12 @@ else
 	ifeq ($(PLATFORM),sdl)
 		CC1FLAGS += -Wno-parentheses-equality -Wno-unused-value
 		CPPFLAGS += -D TITLE_BAR=$(BUILD_NAME).$(PLATFORM) -D PLATFORM_GBA=0 -D PLATFORM_SDL=1 -D PLATFORM_WIN32=0 $(shell sdl2-config --cflags)
+	else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),psp)
+		CC1FLAGS += -G0
+		CPPFLAGS += -D PLATFORM_GBA=0 -D PLATFORM_SDL=1 -D PLATFORM_WIN32=0 -D SDL_MAIN_HANDLED -I$(PSPDEV)/psp/include/SDL2 -I$(PSPDEV)/psp/include -I$(PSPSDK)/include -D_PSP_FW_VERSION=600
+	else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),ps2)
+		CC1FLAGS += -G0 -Wno-parentheses-equality -Wno-unused-value -ffast-math
+		CPPFLAGS += -D PLATFORM_GBA=0 -D PLATFORM_SDL=0 -D PLATFORM_WIN32=0 -D_EE -D__PS2__ -I$(PS2SDK)/common/include -I$(PS2SDK)/ee/include -I$(PS2DEV)/gsKit/include -I$(PS2SDK)/ports/include
 	else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),sdl_win32)
 		CPPFLAGS += -D TITLE_BAR=$(BUILD_NAME).$(PLATFORM) -D PLATFORM_GBA=0 -D PLATFORM_SDL=1 -D PLATFORM_WIN32=0 $(SDL_MINGW_FLAGS)
 	else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),win32)
@@ -241,24 +276,18 @@ else
 	endif
 endif
 
-ifeq ($(PLATFORM),gba)
-  ASFLAGS  += -mcpu=arm7tdmi -mthumb-interwork
-  CC1FLAGS += -mthumb-interwork
-else
-  ifeq ($(PLATFORM), sdl)
-    # for modern we are using a modern compiler
-    # so instead of CPP we can use gcc -E to "preprocess only"
-    CPP := $(CC1) -E
-  endif
-  # Allow file input through stdin on modern GCC and set it to "compile only"
-  CC1FLAGS += -x c -S
-endif
-
 ifeq ($(DEBUG),1)
   CC1FLAGS += -g3 -O0
   CPPFLAGS += -D DEBUG=1
 else
-  CC1FLAGS += -O2
+  ifeq ($(PLATFORM),psp)
+    # -O3 for PSP (Allegrex MIPS, small D-cache)
+    CC1FLAGS += -O3 -funroll-loops -fomit-frame-pointer
+  else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),ps2)
+    CC1FLAGS += -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer
+  else
+    CC1FLAGS += -O2
+  endif
   CPPFLAGS += -D DEBUG=0
 endif
 
@@ -285,6 +314,26 @@ else
   CPPFLAGS += -D ENABLE_DECOMP_CREDITS=1
 endif
 
+CXXFLAGS := $(CC1FLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -std=c++11
+
+ifeq ($(PLATFORM),gba)
+  ASFLAGS  += -mcpu=arm7tdmi -mthumb-interwork
+  CC1FLAGS += -mthumb-interwork
+else
+  ifeq ($(PLATFORM), sdl)
+    # for modern we are using a modern compiler
+    # so instead of CPP we can use gcc -E to "preprocess only"
+    CPP := $(CC1) -E
+  else ifeq ($(PLATFORM), psp)
+    CPP := $(CC1) -E
+  else ifeq ($(PLATFORM), ps2)
+    ASFLAGS  += -msingle-float
+  endif
+  # Allow file input through stdin on modern gcc/g++ and set it to "compile only"
+  CC1FLAGS += -x c -S
+  CXXFLAGS += -x c++ -S
+endif
+
 ### LINKER FLAGS ###
 
 # GBA
@@ -297,7 +346,7 @@ else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),sdl)
     else
         MAP_FLAG := -Xlinker -Map=
     endif
-# Win32
+# Win32, PSP, PS2
 else
     MAP_FLAG := -Xlinker -Map=
 endif
@@ -307,6 +356,10 @@ ifeq ($(PLATFORM),gba)
     LIBS := $(ROOT_DIR)/tools/agbcc/lib/libgcc.a $(ROOT_DIR)/tools/agbcc/lib/libc.a $(LIBABGSYSCALL_LIBS)
 else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),sdl)
     LIBS := $(shell sdl2-config --cflags --libs)
+else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),psp)
+    LIBS := -L$(PSPDEV)/psp/lib -L$(PSPSDK)/lib -lSDL2 -lm -lGL -lpspvram -lpspaudio -lpspvfpu -lpspdisplay -lpspgu -lpspge -lpsphprm -lpspctrl -lpsppower -lpspdebug -lpspnet -lpspnet_apctl -Wl,-zmax-page-size=128
+else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),ps2)
+    LIBS := -T$(PS2SDK)/ee/startup/linkfile -L$(PS2SDK)/common/lib -L$(PS2SDK)/ee/lib -L$(PS2DEV)/gsKit/lib -L$(PS2SDK)/ports/lib -lgskit -ldmakit -lps2_drivers -lmc -lpatches -Wl,-zmax-page-size=128
 else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),sdl_win32)
     LIBS := -mwin32 -lkernel32 -lwinmm -lmingw32 -lxinput $(SDL_MINGW_LIBS)
 else ifeq ($(PLATFORM), win32)
@@ -316,7 +369,7 @@ endif
 #### MAIN TARGETS ####
 
 # these commands will run regardless of deps being completed
-.PHONY: clean tools tidy clean-tools $(TOOLDIRS) libagbsyscall
+.PHONY: clean tools tidy clean-tools $(TOOLDIRS) libagbsyscall ps2
 
 # Ensure required directories exist
 $(shell mkdir -p $(C_BUILDDIR) $(ASM_BUILDDIR) $(DATA_ASM_BUILDDIR) $(SOUND_ASM_BUILDDIR) $(SONG_BUILDDIR) $(MID_BUILDDIR))
@@ -397,7 +450,8 @@ clean-tools:
 tidy:
 	$(RM) -r build/*
 	$(RM) SDL2.dll
-	$(RM) $(BUILD_NAME)*.exe $(BUILD_NAME)*.elf $(BUILD_NAME)*.map $(BUILD_NAME)*.sdl $(BUILD_NAME)*.gba
+	$(RM) $(BUILD_NAME)*.exe $(BUILD_NAME)*.elf $(BUILD_NAME)*.map $(BUILD_NAME)*.sdl $(BUILD_NAME)*.gba $(BUILD_NAME)*.iso
+	$(RM) EBOOT.PBP PARAM.SFO
 
 usa_beta: ; @$(MAKE) GAME_REGION=USA GAME_VARIANT=BETA
 
@@ -409,6 +463,10 @@ europe: ; @$(MAKE) GAME_REGION=EUROPE
 
 sdl: ; @$(MAKE) PLATFORM=sdl
 
+psp: ; @$(MAKE) PLATFORM=psp
+
+ps2: ; @$(MAKE) PLATFORM=ps2
+
 tas_sdl: ; @$(MAKE) sdl TAS_TESTING=1
 
 sdl_win32:
@@ -459,7 +517,7 @@ data/mb_chao_garden_japan.gba.lz: data/mb_chao_garden_japan.gba
 
 %.bin: %.aif ; $(AIF) $< $@
 
-$(ELF): $(OBJS) libagbsyscall
+$(ELF): $(OBJS)
 ifeq ($(PLATFORM),gba)
 	@echo "$(LD) -T $(LDSCRIPT) $(MAP_FLAG) $(MAP) <objects> <lib> -o $@"
 	@$(CPP) -P $(CPPFLAGS) $(LDSCRIPT) > $(OBJ_DIR)/$(LDSCRIPT)
@@ -470,15 +528,34 @@ else
 	@cd $(OBJ_DIR) && $(CC1) $(MAP_FLAG)$(ROOT_DIR)/$(MAP) $(OBJS_REL) $(LIBS) -o $(ROOT_DIR)/$@
 endif
 
-$(ROM): $(ELF)
+
 ifeq ($(PLATFORM),gba)
+$(ROM): $(ELF) libagbsyscall
 	$(OBJCOPY) -O binary --pad-to 0x8400000 $< $@
 	$(FIX) $@ -p -t"$(TITLE)" -c$(GAME_CODE) -m$(MAKER_CODE) -r$(GAME_REVISION) --silent
-else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),sdl)
+else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),win32)
+$(ROM): $(ELF) libagbsyscall
+	$(OBJCOPY) -O pei-x86-64 $< $@
+else
+$(ROM): $(ELF)
+ifeq ($(PLATFORM),sdl)
 	cp $< $@
+else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),psp)
+	@echo Creating $(ROM) from $(ELF)
+	@psp-fixup-imports $<
+	@mksfoex 'Sonic Advance 2' PARAM.SFO
+	@psp-strip $< -o $(BUILD_NAME).psp_strip.elf
+	@pack-pbp $@ PARAM.SFO NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL $(BUILD_NAME).psp_strip.elf NULL
+	@-rm -f $(BUILD_NAME).psp_strip.elf
+else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),ps2)
+	@echo Creating $(ROM) from $(ELF)
+	@cp -r ps2/ntsc $(OBJ_DIR)/iso
+	@cp $< $(OBJ_DIR)/iso/$(PS2_GAME_CODE)
+	@mkisofs -o $(ROM) $(OBJ_DIR)/iso/
 else
 	$(OBJCOPY) -O pei-x86-64 $< $@
 endif
+endif
 
 # Build c sources, and ensure alignment
 $(C_BUILDDIR)/%.o: $(C_SUBDIR)/%.c
@@ -491,11 +568,21 @@ ifeq ($(PLATFORM), gba)
 endif
 	@$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $(C_BUILDDIR)/$*.s -o $@
 
+$(C_BUILDDIR)/%.o: $(C_SUBDIR)/%.cc
+	@echo "$(CXX) <flags> -o $@ $<"
+	@$(shell mkdir -p $(shell dirname '$(C_BUILDDIR)/$*.o'))
+	@$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o $(C_BUILDDIR)/$*.s $<
+	@$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $(C_BUILDDIR)/$*.s -o $@
+
 # Scan the src dependencies to determine if any dependent files have changed
 $(C_BUILDDIR)/%.d: $(C_SUBDIR)/%.c
 	@$(shell mkdir -p $(shell dirname '$(C_BUILDDIR)/$*.d'))
 	$(SCANINC) -M $@ $(INCLUDE_SCANINC_ARGS) $<
 
+$(C_BUILDDIR)/%.d: $(C_SUBDIR)/%.cc
+	@$(shell mkdir -p $(shell dirname '$(C_BUILDDIR)/$*.d'))
+	$(SCANINC) -M $@ $(INCLUDE_SCANINC_ARGS) $<
+
 # rule for sources from the src dir (parts of libraries)
 $(C_BUILDDIR)/%.o: $(C_SUBDIR)/%.s
 	@echo "$(AS) <flags> -o $@ $<"
@@ -515,6 +602,7 @@ $(DATA_ASM_BUILDDIR)/%.d: $(DATA_ASM_SUBDIR)/%.s
     
 ifneq ($(NODEP),1)
 -include $(addprefix $(OBJ_DIR)/,$(C_SRCS:.c=.d))
+-include $(addprefix $(OBJ_DIR)/,$(CXX_SRCS:.cc=.d))
 -include $(addprefix $(OBJ_DIR)/,$(DATA_ASM_SRCS:.s=.d))
 endif
 
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 382027ade..e980f96c4 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ It can also build:
 * **sa2.sdl** `make sdl` (Linux/MacOS SDL 64bit port)
 * **sa2.sdl_win32.exe** `make sdl_win32` (Windows SDL 64bit port)
 * :construction: **sa2.win32.exe** `make win32` (Win32 native port, not functional)
+* **sa2.ps2.iso** `make ps2` (PlayStation 2 port, requires [PS2DEV](https://github.com/ps2dev/ps2dev))
+* **EBOOT.PBP** `make psp` (PlayStation Portable port, requires [PSPDEV](https://github.com/pspdev/pspdev))
 
 ## Current state
 
diff --git a/asm/macros/portable.inc b/asm/macros/portable.inc
index b389fb26a..fd66638b8 100644
--- a/asm/macros/portable.inc
+++ b/asm/macros/portable.inc
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 .macro mPtr value
 #if defined(__aarch64__) || defined(__x86_64__)
     .quad \value
+#elif defined(__mips__)
+    .4byte \value
 #else
     .int \value
 #endif
diff --git a/config.mk b/config.mk
index 5f687443a..15affde18 100644
--- a/config.mk
+++ b/config.mk
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ MAKER_CODE := 78
 BUILD_NAME := sa2
 TITLE      := SONICADVANC2
 GAME_CODE  := A2N
+PS2_GAME_CODE := SLUS_054.02
 
 
 # Revision
diff --git a/include/config.h b/include/config.h
index 15b9df4ec..357b56580 100644
--- a/include/config.h
+++ b/include/config.h
@@ -42,11 +42,14 @@
 #define RENDERER_SOFTWARE 0
 #define RENDERER_OPENGL   1
 #define RENDERER_COUNT    2
+
+#ifndef RENDERER
 #if PLATFORM_WIN32 && !PLATFORM_SDL
 // TODO: Only win32 for now
 #define RENDERER RENDERER_OPENGL
 #else
 #define RENDERER RENDERER_SOFTWARE
 #endif
+#endif
 
 #endif // GUARD_SA2_CONFIG_H
diff --git a/include/gba/defines.h b/include/gba/defines.h
index d11003525..9f31a2dab 100644
--- a/include/gba/defines.h
+++ b/include/gba/defines.h
@@ -39,8 +39,18 @@
 #define OAM_ENTRY_COUNT 128
 #if PORTABLE
 // NOTE: Used in gba/types.h, so they have to be defined before the #include
+#if defined(__PSP__)
+// PSP: Use GBA-native resolution, SDL scales to 480x272
+#define DISPLAY_WIDTH  240
+#define DISPLAY_HEIGHT 160
+#elif defined(__PS2__)
+// Runs at 60fps with the "fast draw"
+#define DISPLAY_WIDTH  320
+#define DISPLAY_HEIGHT 180
+#else
 #define DISPLAY_WIDTH  426
 #define DISPLAY_HEIGHT 240
+#endif
 
 // NOTE: We shouldn't consider WIDESCREEN_HACK a permanent thing.
 //       This hack should best be removed once there's a "native" platform layer.
diff --git a/include/gba/io_reg.h b/include/gba/io_reg.h
index 265142303..d1ab08dbb 100644
--- a/include/gba/io_reg.h
+++ b/include/gba/io_reg.h
@@ -5,6 +5,27 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 #endif
 
+// these are not hardware registers on ports
+// so there is no need to make re-read them
+#if PORTABLE
+typedef uint8_t reg_u8;
+typedef uint16_t reg_u16;
+typedef uint32_t reg_u32;
+typedef int16_t reg_s16; 
+typedef int32_t reg_s32; 
+typedef uint64_t reg_u64; 
+typedef winreg_t reg_wint; 
+#else
+typedef volatile uint8_t reg_u8;
+typedef volatile uint16_t reg_u16;
+typedef volatile uint32_t reg_u32;
+typedef volatile int16_t reg_s16; 
+typedef volatile int32_t reg_s32; 
+typedef volatile uint64_t reg_u64; 
+typedef volatile winreg_t reg_wint; 
+#endif
+
+
 #define IO_SIZE 0x400
 #if !PORTABLE
 #define REG_BASE 0x4000000 // I/O register base address
@@ -369,155 +390,155 @@ extern unsigned char REG_BASE[IO_SIZE];
 
 // I/O registers
 
-#define REG_DISPCNT     (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_DISPCNT)
-#define REG_DISPSTAT    (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_DISPSTAT)
-#define REG_VCOUNT      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_VCOUNT)
-#define REG_BG0CNT      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG0CNT)
-#define REG_BG1CNT      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG1CNT)
-#define REG_BG2CNT      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2CNT)
-#define REG_BG3CNT      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3CNT)
-#define REG_BG0HOFS     (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG0HOFS)
-#define REG_BG0VOFS     (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG0VOFS)
-#define REG_BG1HOFS     (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG1HOFS)
-#define REG_BG1VOFS     (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG1VOFS)
-#define REG_BG2HOFS     (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2HOFS)
-#define REG_BG2VOFS     (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2VOFS)
-#define REG_BG3HOFS     (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3HOFS)
-#define REG_BG3VOFS     (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3VOFS)
-#define REG_BG2PA       (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2PA)
-#define REG_BG2PB       (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2PB)
-#define REG_BG2PC       (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2PC)
-#define REG_BG2PD       (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2PD)
-#define REG_BG2X        (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_BG2X)
-#define REG_BG2X_L      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2X_L)
-#define REG_BG2X_H      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2X_H)
-#define REG_BG2Y        (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_BG2Y)
-#define REG_BG2Y_L      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2Y_L)
-#define REG_BG2Y_H      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2Y_H)
-#define REG_BG3PA       (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3PA)
-#define REG_BG3PB       (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3PB)
-#define REG_BG3PC       (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3PC)
-#define REG_BG3PD       (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3PD)
-#define REG_BG3X        (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_BG3X)
-#define REG_BG3X_L      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3X_L)
-#define REG_BG3X_H      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3X_H)
-#define REG_BG3Y        (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_BG3Y)
-#define REG_BG3Y_L      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3Y_L)
-#define REG_BG3Y_H      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3Y_H)
-#define REG_WIN0H       (*(volatile winreg_t *)REG_ADDR_WIN0H)
-#define REG_WIN1H       (*(volatile winreg_t *)REG_ADDR_WIN1H)
-#define REG_WIN0V       (*(volatile winreg_t *)REG_ADDR_WIN0V)
-#define REG_WIN1V       (*(volatile winreg_t *)REG_ADDR_WIN1V)
-#define REG_WININ       (*(volatile winreg_t *)REG_ADDR_WININ)
-#define REG_WINOUT      (*(volatile winreg_t *)REG_ADDR_WINOUT)
-#define REG_MOSAIC      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_MOSAIC)
-#define REG_BLDCNT      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BLDCNT)
-#define REG_BLDALPHA    (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BLDALPHA)
-#define REG_BLDY        (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_BLDY)
-
-#define REG_SOUND1CNT_L (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND1CNT_L)
-#define REG_NR10        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR10)
-#define REG_SOUND1CNT_H (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND1CNT_H)
-#define REG_NR11        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR11)
-#define REG_NR12        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR12)
-#define REG_SOUND1CNT_X (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND1CNT_X)
-#define REG_NR13        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR13)
-#define REG_NR14        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR14)
-#define REG_SOUND2CNT_L (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND2CNT_L)
-#define REG_NR21        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR21)
-#define REG_NR22        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR22)
-#define REG_SOUND2CNT_H (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND2CNT_H)
-#define REG_NR23        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR23)
-#define REG_NR24        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR24)
-#define REG_SOUND3CNT_L (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND3CNT_L)
-#define REG_NR30        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR30)
-#define REG_SOUND3CNT_H (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND3CNT_H)
-#define REG_NR31        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR31)
-#define REG_NR32        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR32)
-#define REG_SOUND3CNT_X (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND3CNT_X)
-#define REG_NR33        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR33)
-#define REG_NR34        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR34)
-#define REG_SOUND4CNT_L (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND4CNT_L)
-#define REG_NR41        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR41)
-#define REG_NR42        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR42)
-#define REG_SOUND4CNT_H (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND4CNT_H)
-#define REG_NR43        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR43)
-#define REG_NR44        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR44)
-#define REG_SOUNDCNT_L  (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUNDCNT_L)
-#define REG_NR50        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR50)
-#define REG_NR51        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR51)
-#define REG_SOUNDCNT_H  (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUNDCNT_H)
-#define REG_SOUNDCNT_X  (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUNDCNT_X)
-#define REG_NR52        (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_NR52)
-#define REG_SOUNDBIAS   (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUNDBIAS)
-#define REG_SOUNDBIAS_L (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_SOUNDBIAS_L)
-#define REG_SOUNDBIAS_H (*(vu8  *)REG_ADDR_SOUNDBIAS_H)
-#define REG_WAVE_RAM0   (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_WAVE_RAM0)
-#define REG_WAVE_RAM1   (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_WAVE_RAM1)
-#define REG_WAVE_RAM2   (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_WAVE_RAM2)
-#define REG_WAVE_RAM3   (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_WAVE_RAM3)
-#define REG_FIFO_A      (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_FIFO_A)
-#define REG_FIFO_B      (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_FIFO_B)
+#define REG_DISPCNT     (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_DISPCNT)
+#define REG_DISPSTAT    (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_DISPSTAT)
+#define REG_VCOUNT      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_VCOUNT)
+#define REG_BG0CNT      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG0CNT)
+#define REG_BG1CNT      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG1CNT)
+#define REG_BG2CNT      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2CNT)
+#define REG_BG3CNT      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3CNT)
+#define REG_BG0HOFS     (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG0HOFS)
+#define REG_BG0VOFS     (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG0VOFS)
+#define REG_BG1HOFS     (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG1HOFS)
+#define REG_BG1VOFS     (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG1VOFS)
+#define REG_BG2HOFS     (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2HOFS)
+#define REG_BG2VOFS     (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2VOFS)
+#define REG_BG3HOFS     (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3HOFS)
+#define REG_BG3VOFS     (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3VOFS)
+#define REG_BG2PA       (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2PA)
+#define REG_BG2PB       (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2PB)
+#define REG_BG2PC       (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2PC)
+#define REG_BG2PD       (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2PD)
+#define REG_BG2X        (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_BG2X)
+#define REG_BG2X_L      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2X_L)
+#define REG_BG2X_H      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2X_H)
+#define REG_BG2Y        (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_BG2Y)
+#define REG_BG2Y_L      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2Y_L)
+#define REG_BG2Y_H      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG2Y_H)
+#define REG_BG3PA       (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3PA)
+#define REG_BG3PB       (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3PB)
+#define REG_BG3PC       (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3PC)
+#define REG_BG3PD       (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3PD)
+#define REG_BG3X        (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_BG3X)
+#define REG_BG3X_L      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3X_L)
+#define REG_BG3X_H      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3X_H)
+#define REG_BG3Y        (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_BG3Y)
+#define REG_BG3Y_L      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3Y_L)
+#define REG_BG3Y_H      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BG3Y_H)
+#define REG_WIN0H       (*(reg_wint *)REG_ADDR_WIN0H)
+#define REG_WIN1H       (*(reg_wint *)REG_ADDR_WIN1H)
+#define REG_WIN0V       (*(reg_wint *)REG_ADDR_WIN0V)
+#define REG_WIN1V       (*(reg_wint *)REG_ADDR_WIN1V)
+#define REG_WININ       (*(reg_wint *)REG_ADDR_WININ)
+#define REG_WINOUT      (*(reg_wint *)REG_ADDR_WINOUT)
+#define REG_MOSAIC      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_MOSAIC)
+#define REG_BLDCNT      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BLDCNT)
+#define REG_BLDALPHA    (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BLDALPHA)
+#define REG_BLDY        (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_BLDY)
+
+#define REG_SOUND1CNT_L (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND1CNT_L)
+#define REG_NR10        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR10)
+#define REG_SOUND1CNT_H (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND1CNT_H)
+#define REG_NR11        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR11)
+#define REG_NR12        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR12)
+#define REG_SOUND1CNT_X (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND1CNT_X)
+#define REG_NR13        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR13)
+#define REG_NR14        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR14)
+#define REG_SOUND2CNT_L (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND2CNT_L)
+#define REG_NR21        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR21)
+#define REG_NR22        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR22)
+#define REG_SOUND2CNT_H (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND2CNT_H)
+#define REG_NR23        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR23)
+#define REG_NR24        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR24)
+#define REG_SOUND3CNT_L (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND3CNT_L)
+#define REG_NR30        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR30)
+#define REG_SOUND3CNT_H (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND3CNT_H)
+#define REG_NR31        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR31)
+#define REG_NR32        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR32)
+#define REG_SOUND3CNT_X (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND3CNT_X)
+#define REG_NR33        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR33)
+#define REG_NR34        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR34)
+#define REG_SOUND4CNT_L (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND4CNT_L)
+#define REG_NR41        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR41)
+#define REG_NR42        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR42)
+#define REG_SOUND4CNT_H (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUND4CNT_H)
+#define REG_NR43        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR43)
+#define REG_NR44        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR44)
+#define REG_SOUNDCNT_L  (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUNDCNT_L)
+#define REG_NR50        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR50)
+#define REG_NR51        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR51)
+#define REG_SOUNDCNT_H  (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUNDCNT_H)
+#define REG_SOUNDCNT_X  (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUNDCNT_X)
+#define REG_NR52        (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_NR52)
+#define REG_SOUNDBIAS   (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SOUNDBIAS)
+#define REG_SOUNDBIAS_L (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_SOUNDBIAS_L)
+#define REG_SOUNDBIAS_H (*(reg_u8  *)REG_ADDR_SOUNDBIAS_H)
+#define REG_WAVE_RAM0   (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_WAVE_RAM0)
+#define REG_WAVE_RAM1   (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_WAVE_RAM1)
+#define REG_WAVE_RAM2   (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_WAVE_RAM2)
+#define REG_WAVE_RAM3   (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_WAVE_RAM3)
+#define REG_FIFO_A      (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_FIFO_A)
+#define REG_FIFO_B      (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_FIFO_B)
 
 #define REG_DMA0SAD     (*(volatile uintptr_t *)REG_ADDR_DMA0SAD)
 #define REG_DMA0DAD     (*(volatile uintptr_t *)REG_ADDR_DMA0DAD)
-#define REG_DMA0CNT     (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_DMA0CNT)
-#define REG_DMA0CNT_L   (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA0CNT_L)
-#define REG_DMA0CNT_H   (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA0CNT_H)
+#define REG_DMA0CNT     (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_DMA0CNT)
+#define REG_DMA0CNT_L   (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA0CNT_L)
+#define REG_DMA0CNT_H   (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA0CNT_H)
 
 #define REG_DMA1SAD     (*(volatile uintptr_t *)REG_ADDR_DMA1SAD)
 #define REG_DMA1DAD     (*(volatile uintptr_t *)REG_ADDR_DMA1DAD)
-#define REG_DMA1CNT     (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_DMA1CNT)
-#define REG_DMA1CNT_L   (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA1CNT_L)
-#define REG_DMA1CNT_H   (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA1CNT_H)
+#define REG_DMA1CNT     (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_DMA1CNT)
+#define REG_DMA1CNT_L   (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA1CNT_L)
+#define REG_DMA1CNT_H   (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA1CNT_H)
 
 #define REG_DMA2SAD     (*(volatile uintptr_t *)REG_ADDR_DMA2SAD)
 #define REG_DMA2DAD     (*(volatile uintptr_t *)REG_ADDR_DMA2DAD)
-#define REG_DMA2CNT     (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_DMA2CNT)
-#define REG_DMA2CNT_L   (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA2CNT_L)
-#define REG_DMA2CNT_H   (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA2CNT_H)
+#define REG_DMA2CNT     (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_DMA2CNT)
+#define REG_DMA2CNT_L   (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA2CNT_L)
+#define REG_DMA2CNT_H   (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA2CNT_H)
 
 #define REG_DMA3SAD     (*(volatile uintptr_t *)REG_ADDR_DMA3SAD)
 #define REG_DMA3DAD     (*(volatile uintptr_t *)REG_ADDR_DMA3DAD)
-#define REG_DMA3CNT     (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_DMA3CNT)
-#define REG_DMA3CNT_L   (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA3CNT_L)
-#define REG_DMA3CNT_H   (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA3CNT_H)
-
-#define REG_TMCNT(n)    (*(vu16 *)(REG_ADDR_TMCNT + ((n) * 4)))
-#define REG_TM0CNT      (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_TM0CNT)
-#define REG_TM0CNT_L    (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_TM0CNT_L)
-#define REG_TM0CNT_H    (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_TM0CNT_H)
-#define REG_TM1CNT      (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_TM1CNT)
-#define REG_TM1CNT_L    (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_TM1CNT_L)
-#define REG_TM1CNT_H    (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_TM1CNT_H)
-#define REG_TM2CNT      (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_TM2CNT)
-#define REG_TM2CNT_L    (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_TM2CNT_L)
-#define REG_TM2CNT_H    (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_TM2CNT_H)
-#define REG_TM3CNT      (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_TM3CNT)
-#define REG_TM3CNT_L    (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_TM3CNT_L)
-#define REG_TM3CNT_H    (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_TM3CNT_H)
-
-#define REG_SIOCNT      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SIOCNT)
-#define REG_SIOCNT_32   (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_SIOCNT)
-#define REG_SIODATA8    (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SIODATA8)
-#define REG_SIODATA32   (*(vu32 *)REG_ADDR_SIODATA32)
-#define REG_SIOMLT_SEND (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SIOMLT_SEND)
-#define REG_SIOMLT_RECV (*(vu64 *)REG_ADDR_SIOMLT_RECV)
-#define REG_SIOMULTI0   (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SIOMULTI0)
-#define REG_SIOMULTI1   (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SIOMULTI1)
-#define REG_SIOMULTI2   (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SIOMULTI2)
-#define REG_SIOMULTI3   (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_SIOMULTI3)
-
-#define REG_KEYINPUT    (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_KEYINPUT)
-#define REG_KEYCNT      (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_KEYCNT)
-
-#define REG_RCNT        (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_RCNT)
-
-#define REG_IME         (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_IME)
-#define REG_IE          (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_IE)
-#define REG_IF          (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_IF)
-
-#define REG_WAITCNT     (*(vu16 *)REG_ADDR_WAITCNT)
+#define REG_DMA3CNT     (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_DMA3CNT)
+#define REG_DMA3CNT_L   (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA3CNT_L)
+#define REG_DMA3CNT_H   (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_DMA3CNT_H)
+
+#define REG_TMCNT(n)    (*(reg_u16 *)(REG_ADDR_TMCNT + ((n) * 4)))
+#define REG_TM0CNT      (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_TM0CNT)
+#define REG_TM0CNT_L    (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_TM0CNT_L)
+#define REG_TM0CNT_H    (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_TM0CNT_H)
+#define REG_TM1CNT      (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_TM1CNT)
+#define REG_TM1CNT_L    (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_TM1CNT_L)
+#define REG_TM1CNT_H    (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_TM1CNT_H)
+#define REG_TM2CNT      (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_TM2CNT)
+#define REG_TM2CNT_L    (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_TM2CNT_L)
+#define REG_TM2CNT_H    (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_TM2CNT_H)
+#define REG_TM3CNT      (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_TM3CNT)
+#define REG_TM3CNT_L    (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_TM3CNT_L)
+#define REG_TM3CNT_H    (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_TM3CNT_H)
+
+#define REG_SIOCNT      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SIOCNT)
+#define REG_SIOCNT_32   (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_SIOCNT)
+#define REG_SIODATA8    (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SIODATA8)
+#define REG_SIODATA32   (*(reg_u32 *)REG_ADDR_SIODATA32)
+#define REG_SIOMLT_SEND (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SIOMLT_SEND)
+#define REG_SIOMLT_RECV (*(reg_u64 *)REG_ADDR_SIOMLT_RECV)
+#define REG_SIOMULTI0   (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SIOMULTI0)
+#define REG_SIOMULTI1   (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SIOMULTI1)
+#define REG_SIOMULTI2   (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SIOMULTI2)
+#define REG_SIOMULTI3   (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_SIOMULTI3)
+
+#define REG_KEYINPUT    (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_KEYINPUT)
+#define REG_KEYCNT      (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_KEYCNT)
+
+#define REG_RCNT        (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_RCNT)
+
+#define REG_IME         (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_IME)
+#define REG_IE          (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_IE)
+#define REG_IF          (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_IF)
+
+#define REG_WAITCNT     (*(reg_u16 *)REG_ADDR_WAITCNT)
 
 // I/O register fields
 
diff --git a/include/gba/types.h b/include/gba/types.h
index 72e721ad7..d22c4a684 100644
--- a/include/gba/types.h
+++ b/include/gba/types.h
@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@
     typedef struct __attribute__((packed)) name struct_body name;
 #endif
 
+#ifdef __PS2__
+#include <tamtypes.h>
+#else
 typedef uint8_t   u8;
 typedef uint16_t u16;
 typedef uint32_t u32;
@@ -28,6 +31,7 @@ typedef int8_t    s8;
 typedef int16_t  s16;
 typedef int32_t  s32;
 typedef int64_t  s64;
+#endif
 
 #if (GAME == GAME_SA1)
 typedef u8 MetatileIndexType;
@@ -38,12 +42,12 @@ typedef u16 MetatileIndexType;
 // If the DISPLAY_HEIGHT was >255, scanline effects would break,
 // so we have to make this variable bigger.
 // (u16 should be plenty for screen coordinates, right?)
-#if !defined(DISPLAY_HEIGHT)
-#error DISPLAY_HEIGHT not defined.
+#if !defined(WIDESCREEN_HACK) && !PLATFORM_GBA
+#error WIDESCREEN_HACK not defined.
 #endif
 /// TODO: Technically this should only be #if (DISPLAY_HEIGHT > 255),
 //        we should probably replace uses of int_vcount with a different type where a high DISPLAY_WIDTH necessitates u16.
-#if ((DISPLAY_WIDTH > 255) || (DISPLAY_HEIGHT > 255))
+#if !PLATFORM_GBA && WIDESCREEN_HACK
 typedef u16 int_vcount;
 #else
 typedef u8 int_vcount;
diff --git a/include/lib/m4a/m4a_internal.h b/include/lib/m4a/m4a_internal.h
index 7755591c6..cf90c7f8e 100644
--- a/include/lib/m4a/m4a_internal.h
+++ b/include/lib/m4a/m4a_internal.h
@@ -106,6 +106,13 @@
 #define MAX_LINES         0
 #endif
 
+typedef s32 fixed8_24;
+#define float_to_fp8_24(value)        (fixed8_24)((value)*16777216.0f)
+#define u32_to_fp8_24(value)          ((value) << 24)
+#define fp8_24_to_u32(value)          ((value) >> 24)
+#define fp8_24_to_float(value)        (float)((value) / 16777216.0f)
+#define fp8_24_fractional_part(value) ((value)&0xFFFFFF)
+
 struct MP2KTrack;
 struct MP2KPlayerState;
 
@@ -185,7 +192,7 @@ struct MixerSource {
             u8 padding5;
 
             u32 ct;
-            float fw;
+            fixed8_24 fw;
 
             u32 freq;
         } sound;
@@ -243,7 +250,7 @@ struct SoundMixerState {
 #if PLATFORM_GBA
     s8 pcmBuffer[PCM_DMA_BUF_SIZE * 2];
 #else
-    float pcmBuffer[PCM_DMA_BUF_SIZE * 2];
+    fixed8_24 pcmBuffer[PCM_DMA_BUF_SIZE * 2];
 #endif
 };
 
diff --git a/include/platform/platform.h b/include/platform/platform.h
index 323b195c0..728ceee8d 100644
--- a/include/platform/platform.h
+++ b/include/platform/platform.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ extern void Platform_RLFree(unsigned char *dest);
 extern void Platform_LZDecompressUnsafe(unsigned char *src, unsigned char *dest);
 extern void Platform_RLDecompressUnsafe(unsigned char *src, unsigned char *dest);
 
-extern void Platform_QueueAudio(const void *data, u32 numBytes);
+extern void Platform_QueueAudio(const s16 *data, u32 numBytes);
 extern void Platform_ProcessBackgroundsCopyQueue(void);
 // TODO: Re-enable once #include-ing global.h/core.h/sprite.h does not result in compilation errors.
 // void Platform_TransformSprite(Sprite *s, SpriteTransform *transform);
diff --git a/include/platform/shared/audio/cgb_audio.h b/include/platform/shared/audio/cgb_audio.h
index 65dd77a91..8312e496f 100644
--- a/include/platform/shared/audio/cgb_audio.h
+++ b/include/platform/shared/audio/cgb_audio.h
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ struct AudioCGB {
     u8 EnvCounterI[4];
     bool8 EnvDir[4];
     bool8 DAC[4];
-    float WAVRAM[32];
+    fixed8_24 WAVRAM[32];
     u16 ch4LFSR[2];
-    float outBuffer[PCM_DMA_BUF_SIZE * 2];
+    fixed8_24 outBuffer[PCM_DMA_BUF_SIZE * 2];
 };
 
 void cgb_audio_init(u32 rate);
@@ -31,6 +31,6 @@ void cgb_set_length(u8 channel, u8 length);
 void cgb_set_envelope(u8 channel, u8 envelope);
 void cgb_trigger_note(u8 channel);
 void cgb_audio_generate(u16 samplesPerFrame);
-float *cgb_get_buffer();
+fixed8_24 *cgb_get_buffer();
 
 #endif
diff --git a/include/platform/shared/audio/cgb_tables.h b/include/platform/shared/audio/cgb_tables.h
index 0966471ae..3e5b56b38 100644
--- a/include/platform/shared/audio/cgb_tables.h
+++ b/include/platform/shared/audio/cgb_tables.h
@@ -1,2100 +1,2361 @@
 #ifndef CGB_TABLES_H
 #define CGB_TABLES_H
 
-const int16_t PU0[32]
-    = { 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1 };
+#include "platform/shared/audio/cgb_audio.h"
 
-const int16_t PU1[32]
-    = { 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1 };
+#define SAMPLE_RATE    48000.0
+#define FREQUENCY_RATE (SAMPLE_RATE / 32.0)
 
-const int16_t PU2[32] = { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1 };
+const fixed8_24 PU0[32]
+    = { float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15) };
 
-const int16_t PU3[32] = { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1 };
+const fixed8_24 PU1[32]
+    = { float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15) };
+
+const fixed8_24 PU2[32]
+    = { float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15) };
+
+const fixed8_24 PU3[32]
+    = { float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),  float_to_fp8_24(1.0 / 15),
+        float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15), float_to_fp8_24(-1.0 / 15) };
 
 int16_t WAV[32] = { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1 };
 
-const float freqTable[2048] = { 32,
-                                32.0156326331216,
-                                32.0312805474096,
-                                32.0469437652812,
-                                32.0626223091976,
-                                32.0783162016642,
-                                32.0940254652302,
-                                32.109750122489,
-                                32.1254901960784,
-                                32.1412457086807,
-                                32.1570166830226,
-                                32.1728031418753,
-                                32.188605108055,
-                                32.2044226044226,
-                                32.220255653884,
-                                32.2361042793901,
-                                32.251968503937,
-                                32.2678483505662,
-                                32.2837438423645,
-                                32.2996550024643,
-                                32.3155818540434,
-                                32.3315244203256,
-                                32.3474827245805,
-                                32.3634567901235,
-                                32.3794466403162,
-                                32.3954522985665,
-                                32.4114737883284,
-                                32.4275111331024,
-                                32.4435643564356,
-                                32.4596334819217,
-                                32.4757185332012,
-                                32.4918195339613,
-                                32.5079365079365,
-                                32.5240694789082,
-                                32.5402184707051,
-                                32.5563835072032,
-                                32.572564612326,
-                                32.5887618100448,
-                                32.6049751243781,
-                                32.6212045793927,
-                                32.6374501992032,
-                                32.6537120079721,
-                                32.6699900299103,
-                                32.6862842892768,
-                                32.7025948103792,
-                                32.7189216175736,
-                                32.7352647352647,
-                                32.751624187906,
-                                32.768,
-                                32.784392196098,
-                                32.8008008008008,
-                                32.8172258387581,
-                                32.8336673346693,
-                                32.8501253132832,
-                                32.8665997993982,
-                                32.8830908178625,
-                                32.8995983935743,
-                                32.9161225514817,
-                                32.9326633165829,
-                                32.9492207139266,
-                                32.9657947686117,
-                                32.9823855057876,
-                                32.9989929506546,
-                                33.0156171284635,
-                                33.0322580645161,
-                                33.0489157841654,
-                                33.0655903128153,
-                                33.0822816759213,
-                                33.0989898989899,
-                                33.1157150075796,
-                                33.1324570273003,
-                                33.1492159838139,
-                                33.165991902834,
-                                33.1827848101266,
-                                33.1995947315096,
-                                33.2164216928535,
-                                33.2332657200811,
-                                33.2501268391679,
-                                33.2670050761421,
-                                33.2839004570848,
-                                33.3008130081301,
-                                33.3177427554652,
-                                33.3346897253306,
-                                33.3516539440204,
-                                33.3686354378819,
-                                33.3856342333164,
-                                33.4026503567788,
-                                33.4196838347782,
-                                33.4367346938776,
-                                33.4538029606942,
-                                33.4708886618999,
-                                33.4879918242207,
-                                33.5051124744376,
-                                33.5222506393862,
-                                33.539406345957,
-                                33.5565796210957,
-                                33.5737704918033,
-                                33.5909789851358,
-                                33.6082051282051,
-                                33.6254489481786,
-                                33.6427104722793,
-                                33.6599897277863,
-                                33.6772867420349,
-                                33.6946015424164,
-                                33.7119341563786,
-                                33.7292846114256,
-                                33.7466529351184,
-                                33.7640391550747,
-                                33.7814432989691,
-                                33.7988653945333,
-                                33.8163054695562,
-                                33.8337635518844,
-                                33.8512396694215,
-                                33.8687338501292,
-                                33.8862461220269,
-                                33.9037765131919,
-                                33.9213250517598,
-                                33.9388917659244,
-                                33.9564766839378,
-                                33.9740798341109,
-                                33.9917012448133,
-                                34.0093409444733,
-                                34.0269989615784,
-                                34.0446753246753,
-                                34.0623700623701,
-                                34.0800832033281,
-                                34.0978147762747,
-                                34.1155648099948,
-                                34.1333333333333,
-                                34.1511203751954,
-                                34.1689259645464,
-                                34.1867501304121,
-                                34.2045929018789,
-                                34.222454308094,
-                                34.2403343782654,
-                                34.2582331416623,
-                                34.2761506276151,
-                                34.2940868655154,
-                                34.3120418848168,
-                                34.330015715034,
-                                34.3480083857442,
-                                34.3660199265863,
-                                34.3840503672613,
-                                34.4020997375328,
-                                34.4201680672269,
-                                34.4382553862323,
-                                34.4563617245005,
-                                34.4744871120463,
-                                34.4926315789474,
-                                34.5107951553449,
-                                34.5289778714436,
-                                34.5471797575119,
-                                34.5654008438819,
-                                34.5836411609499,
-                                34.6019007391763,
-                                34.6201796090861,
-                                34.6384778012685,
-                                34.6567953463776,
-                                34.6751322751323,
-                                34.6934886183166,
-                                34.7118644067797,
-                                34.7302596714361,
-                                34.7486744432662,
-                                34.7671087533156,
-                                34.7855626326964,
-                                34.8040361125863,
-                                34.8225292242295,
-                                34.8410419989367,
-                                34.8595744680851,
-                                34.8781266631187,
-                                34.8966986155485,
-                                34.9152903569526,
-                                34.9339019189765,
-                                34.9525333333333,
-                                34.9711846318036,
-                                34.989855846236,
-                                35.008547008547,
-                                35.0272581507215,
-                                35.0459893048128,
-                                35.0647405029427,
-                                35.0835117773019,
-                                35.10230316015,
-                                35.1211146838156,
-                                35.1399463806971,
-                                35.1587982832618,
-                                35.1776704240472,
-                                35.1965628356606,
-                                35.2154755507792,
-                                35.2344086021505,
-                                35.2533620225928,
-                                35.2723358449946,
-                                35.2913301023156,
-                                35.3103448275862,
-                                35.3293800539084,
-                                35.3484358144552,
-                                35.3675121424717,
-                                35.3866090712743,
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-                                4369.06666666667,
-                                4681.14285714286,
-                                5041.23076923077,
-                                5461.33333333333,
-                                5957.81818181818,
-                                6553.6,
-                                7281.77777777778,
-                                8192,
-                                9362.28571428571,
-                                10922.6666666667,
-                                13107.2,
-                                16384,
-                                21845.3333333333,
-                                32768,
-                                65536 };
+const fixed8_24 freqTable[2048] = {
+    float_to_fp8_24(32 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.0156326331216 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.0312805474096 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.0469437652812 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.0626223091976 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.0783162016642 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.0940254652302 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.109750122489 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.1254901960784 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.1412457086807 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.1570166830226 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.1728031418753 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.188605108055 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.2044226044226 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.220255653884 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.2361042793901 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.251968503937 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.2678483505662 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.2837438423645 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.2996550024643 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.3155818540434 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.3315244203256 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.3474827245805 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.3634567901235 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.3794466403162 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.3954522985665 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.4114737883284 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.4275111331024 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.4435643564356 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.4596334819217 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.4757185332012 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.4918195339613 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.5079365079365 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.5240694789082 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.5402184707051 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.5563835072032 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.572564612326 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.5887618100448 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.6049751243781 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.6212045793927 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.6374501992032 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.6537120079721 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.6699900299103 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.6862842892768 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.7025948103792 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.7189216175736 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.7352647352647 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.751624187906 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.768 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.784392196098 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.8008008008008 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.8172258387581 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.8336673346693 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.8501253132832 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.8665997993982 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.8830908178625 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.8995983935743 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.9161225514817 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.9326633165829 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.9492207139266 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.9657947686117 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.9823855057876 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32.9989929506546 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.0156171284635 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.0322580645161 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.0489157841654 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.0655903128153 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.0822816759213 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.0989898989899 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.1157150075796 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.1324570273003 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.1492159838139 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.165991902834 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.1827848101266 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.1995947315096 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.2164216928535 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.2332657200811 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.2501268391679 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.2670050761421 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.2839004570848 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.3008130081301 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.3177427554652 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.3346897253306 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.3516539440204 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.3686354378819 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.3856342333164 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.4026503567788 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.4196838347782 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.4367346938776 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.4538029606942 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.4708886618999 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.4879918242207 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.5051124744376 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.5222506393862 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.539406345957 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.5565796210957 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.5737704918033 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.5909789851358 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.6082051282051 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.6254489481786 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.6427104722793 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.6599897277863 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.6772867420349 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.6946015424164 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.7119341563786 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.7292846114256 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.7466529351184 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.7640391550747 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.7814432989691 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.7988653945333 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.8163054695562 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.8337635518844 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.8512396694215 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.8687338501292 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.8862461220269 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.9037765131919 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.9213250517598 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.9388917659244 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.9564766839378 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.9740798341109 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(33.9917012448133 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.0093409444733 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.0269989615784 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.0446753246753 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.0623700623701 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.0800832033281 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.0978147762747 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.1155648099948 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.1333333333333 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.1511203751954 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.1689259645464 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.1867501304121 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.2045929018789 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.222454308094 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.2403343782654 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.2582331416623 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.2761506276151 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.2940868655154 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.3120418848168 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.330015715034 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.3480083857442 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.3660199265863 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.3840503672613 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.4020997375328 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.4201680672269 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.4382553862323 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.4563617245005 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.4744871120463 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.4926315789474 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.5107951553449 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.5289778714436 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.5471797575119 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.5654008438819 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.5836411609499 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.6019007391763 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.6201796090861 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.6384778012685 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.6567953463776 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.6751322751323 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.6934886183166 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.7118644067797 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.7302596714361 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.7486744432662 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.7671087533156 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.7855626326964 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.8040361125863 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.8225292242295 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.8410419989367 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.8595744680851 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.8781266631187 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.8966986155485 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.9152903569526 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.9339019189765 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.9525333333333 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.9711846318036 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(34.989855846236 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.008547008547 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.0272581507215 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.0459893048128 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.0647405029427 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.0835117773019 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.10230316015 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.1211146838156 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.1399463806971 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.1587982832618 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.1776704240472 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.1965628356606 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.2154755507792 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.2344086021505 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.2533620225928 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.2723358449946 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.2913301023156 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.3103448275862 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.3293800539084 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.3484358144552 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.3675121424717 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.3866090712743 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.4057266342518 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.4248648648649 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.4440237966468 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.4632034632035 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.4824038982133 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.501625135428 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.5208672086721 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.5401301518438 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.5594139989148 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.5787187839305 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.5980445410103 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.6173913043478 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.636759108211 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.6561479869423 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.6755579749592 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.6949891067538 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.7144414168937 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.7339149400218 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.7534097108565 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.7729257641921 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.792463134899 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.8120218579235 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.8316019682887 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.8512035010941 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.8708264915161 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.8904709748083 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.9101369863014 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.9298245614035 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.9495337356007 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.9692645444566 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(35.9890170236134 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.0087912087912 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.0285871357889 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.048404840484 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.0682443588332 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.0881057268722 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.1079889807162 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.1278941565601 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.1478212906784 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.167770419426 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.187741579238 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.2077348066298 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.2277501381979 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.2477876106195 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.267847260653 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.2879291251384 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.3080332409972 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.3281596452328 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.3483083749307 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.3684794672586 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.388672959467 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.4088888888889 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.4291272929405 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.4493882091212 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.4696716750139 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.4899777282851 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.5103064066852 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.5306577480491 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.5510317902956 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.5714285714286 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.5918481295366 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.6122905027933 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.6327557294578 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.6532438478747 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.6737548964745 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.6942889137738 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.7148459383753 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.7354260089686 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.7560291643298 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.7766554433221 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.7973048848961 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.8179775280899 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.8386734120292 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
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+    float_to_fp8_24(541.619834710744 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(546.133333333333 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(550.72268907563 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(555.389830508475 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(560.136752136752 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(564.965517241379 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(569.878260869565 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(574.877192982456 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(579.964601769912 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(585.142857142857 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(590.414414414414 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(595.781818181818 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(601.247706422018 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(606.814814814815 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(612.485981308411 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(618.264150943396 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(624.152380952381 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(630.153846153846 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(636.271844660194 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(642.509803921569 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(648.871287128713 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(655.36 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(661.979797979798 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(668.734693877551 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(675.628865979381 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(682.666666666667 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(689.852631578947 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(697.191489361702 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(704.688172043011 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(712.347826086956 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(720.175824175824 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(728.177777777778 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(736.359550561798 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(744.727272727273 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(753.287356321839 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(762.046511627907 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(771.011764705882 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(780.190476190476 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(789.590361445783 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(799.219512195122 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(809.086419753086 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(819.2 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(829.569620253165 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(840.205128205128 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(851.116883116883 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(862.315789473684 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(873.813333333333 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(885.621621621622 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(897.753424657534 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(910.222222222222 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(923.042253521127 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(936.228571428571 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(949.797101449275 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(963.764705882353 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(978.149253731343 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(992.969696969697 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1008.24615384615 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1024 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1040.25396825397 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1057.03225806452 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1074.36065573771 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1092.26666666667 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1110.77966101695 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1129.93103448276 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1149.75438596491 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1170.28571428571 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1191.56363636364 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1213.62962962963 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1236.52830188679 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1260.30769230769 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1285.01960784314 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1310.72 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1337.4693877551 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1365.33333333333 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1394.3829787234 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1424.69565217391 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1456.35555555556 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1489.45454545455 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1524.09302325581 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1560.38095238095 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1598.43902439024 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1638.4 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1680.41025641026 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1724.63157894737 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1771.24324324324 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1820.44444444444 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1872.45714285714 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1927.52941176471 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1985.93939393939 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2048 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2114.06451612903 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2184.53333333333 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2259.86206896552 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2340.57142857143 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2427.25925925926 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2520.61538461538 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2621.44 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2730.66666666667 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2849.39130434783 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2978.90909090909 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(3120.7619047619 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(3276.8 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(3449.26315789474 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(3640.88888888889 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(3855.05882352941 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4096 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4369.06666666667 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4681.14285714286 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(5041.23076923077 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(5461.33333333333 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(5957.81818181818 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(6553.6 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(7281.77777777778 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8192 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(9362.28571428571 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(10922.6666666667 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(13107.2 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16384 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(21845.3333333333 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32768 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(65536 / FREQUENCY_RATE),
+};
 
-const float freqTableNSE[256] = {
-    524288, 262144, 131072, 87381.3333333333, 65536, 52428.8, 43690.6666666667, 37449.1428571429,
-    524288, 262144, 131072, 87381.3333333333, 65536, 52428.8, 43690.6666666667, 37449.1428571429,
-    262144, 131072, 65536,  43690.6666666667, 32768, 26214.4, 21845.3333333333, 18724.5714285714,
-    262144, 131072, 65536,  43690.6666666667, 32768, 26214.4, 21845.3333333333, 18724.5714285714,
-    131072, 65536,  32768,  21845.3333333333, 16384, 13107.2, 10922.6666666667, 9362.28571428571,
-    131072, 65536,  32768,  21845.3333333333, 16384, 13107.2, 10922.6666666667, 9362.28571428571,
-    65536,  32768,  16384,  10922.6666666667, 8192,  6553.6,  5461.33333333333, 4681.14285714286,
-    65536,  32768,  16384,  10922.6666666667, 8192,  6553.6,  5461.33333333333, 4681.14285714286,
-    32768,  16384,  8192,   5461.33333333333, 4096,  3276.8,  2730.66666666667, 2340.57142857143,
-    32768,  16384,  8192,   5461.33333333333, 4096,  3276.8,  2730.66666666667, 2340.57142857143,
-    16384,  8192,   4096,   2730.66666666667, 2048,  1638.4,  1365.33333333333, 1170.28571428571,
-    16384,  8192,   4096,   2730.66666666667, 2048,  1638.4,  1365.33333333333, 1170.28571428571,
-    8192,   4096,   2048,   1365.33333333333, 1024,  819.2,   682.666666666667, 585.142857142857,
-    8192,   4096,   2048,   1365.33333333333, 1024,  819.2,   682.666666666667, 585.142857142857,
-    4096,   2048,   1024,   682.666666666667, 512,   409.6,   341.333333333333, 292.571428571429,
-    4096,   2048,   1024,   682.666666666667, 512,   409.6,   341.333333333333, 292.571428571429,
-    2048,   1024,   512,    341.333333333333, 256,   204.8,   170.666666666667, 146.285714285714,
-    2048,   1024,   512,    341.333333333333, 256,   204.8,   170.666666666667, 146.285714285714,
-    1024,   512,    256,    170.666666666667, 128,   102.4,   85.3333333333333, 73.1428571428571,
-    1024,   512,    256,    170.666666666667, 128,   102.4,   85.3333333333333, 73.1428571428571,
-    512,    256,    128,    85.3333333333333, 64,    51.2,    42.6666666666667, 36.5714285714286,
-    512,    256,    128,    85.3333333333333, 64,    51.2,    42.6666666666667, 36.5714285714286,
-    256,    128,    64,     42.6666666666667, 32,    25.6,    21.3333333333333, 18.2857142857143,
-    256,    128,    64,     42.6666666666667, 32,    25.6,    21.3333333333333, 18.2857142857143,
-    128,    64,     32,     21.3333333333333, 16,    12.8,    10.6666666666667, 9.14285714285714,
-    128,    64,     32,     21.3333333333333, 16,    12.8,    10.6666666666667, 9.14285714285714,
-    64,     32,     16,     10.6666666666667, 8,     6.4,     5.33333333333333, 4.57142857142857,
-    64,     32,     16,     10.6666666666667, 8,     6.4,     5.33333333333333, 4.57142857142857,
-    32,     16,     8,      5.33333333333333, 4,     3.2,     2.66666666666667, 2.28571428571429,
-    32,     16,     8,      5.33333333333333, 4,     3.2,     2.66666666666667, 2.28571428571429,
-    16,     8,      4,      2.66666666666667, 2,     1.6,     1.33333333333333, 1.14285714285714,
-    16,     8,      4,      2.66666666666667, 2,     1.6,     1.33333333333333, 1.14285714285714,
+const fixed8_24 freqTableNSE[256] = {
+    float_to_fp8_24(524288 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(262144 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(131072 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(87381.3333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(65536 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(52428.8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(43690.6666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(37449.1428571429 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(524288 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(262144 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(131072 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(87381.3333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(65536 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(52428.8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(43690.6666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(37449.1428571429 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(262144 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(131072 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(65536 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(43690.6666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32768 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(26214.4 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(21845.3333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(18724.5714285714 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(262144 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(131072 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(65536 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(43690.6666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32768 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(26214.4 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(21845.3333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(18724.5714285714 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(131072 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(65536 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32768 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(21845.3333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16384 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(13107.2 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(10922.6666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(9362.28571428571 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(131072 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(65536 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32768 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(21845.3333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16384 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(13107.2 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(10922.6666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(9362.28571428571 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(65536 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32768 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16384 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(10922.6666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8192 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(6553.6 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(5461.33333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4681.14285714286 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(65536 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32768 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16384 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(10922.6666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8192 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(6553.6 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(5461.33333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4681.14285714286 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32768 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16384 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8192 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(5461.33333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4096 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(3276.8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2730.66666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2340.57142857143 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32768 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16384 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8192 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(5461.33333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4096 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(3276.8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2730.66666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2340.57142857143 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16384 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8192 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4096 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2730.66666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2048 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1638.4 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1365.33333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1170.28571428571 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16384 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8192 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4096 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2730.66666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2048 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1638.4 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1365.33333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1170.28571428571 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8192 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4096 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2048 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1365.33333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1024 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(819.2 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(682.666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(585.142857142857 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8192 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4096 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2048 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1365.33333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1024 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(819.2 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(682.666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(585.142857142857 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4096 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2048 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1024 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(682.666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(512 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(409.6 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(341.333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(292.571428571429 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4096 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2048 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1024 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(682.666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(512 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(409.6 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(341.333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(292.571428571429 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2048 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1024 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(512 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(341.333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(256 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(204.8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(170.666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(146.285714285714 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2048 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1024 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(512 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(341.333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(256 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(204.8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(170.666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(146.285714285714 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1024 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(512 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(256 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(170.666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(128 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(102.4 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(85.3333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(73.1428571428571 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1024 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(512 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(256 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(170.666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(128 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(102.4 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(85.3333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(73.1428571428571 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(512 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(256 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(128 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(85.3333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(64 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(51.2 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(42.6666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.5714285714286 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(512 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(256 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(128 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(85.3333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(64 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(51.2 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(42.6666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(36.5714285714286 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(256 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(128 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(64 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(42.6666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(25.6 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(21.3333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(18.2857142857143 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(256 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(128 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(64 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(42.6666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(25.6 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(21.3333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(18.2857142857143 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(128 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(64 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(21.3333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(12.8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(10.6666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(9.14285714285714 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(128 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(64 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(21.3333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(12.8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(10.6666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(9.14285714285714 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(64 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(10.6666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(6.4 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(5.33333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4.57142857142857 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(64 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(10.6666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(6.4 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(5.33333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4.57142857142857 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(5.33333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(3.2 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2.66666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2.28571428571429 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(32 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(5.33333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(3.2 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2.66666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2.28571428571429 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2.66666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1.6 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1.33333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1.14285714285714 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(16 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(8 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(4 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2.66666666666667 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(2 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1.6 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1.33333333333333 / SAMPLE_RATE),
+    float_to_fp8_24(1.14285714285714 / SAMPLE_RATE),
 };
 
 #endif
diff --git a/include/platform/shared/video/gpsp_renderer.h b/include/platform/shared/video/gpsp_renderer.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5c15b3f7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/platform/shared/video/gpsp_renderer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#ifndef GUARD_SW_RENDERER_COMMON_H
+#define GUARD_SW_RENDERER_COMMON_H
+
+// shared color math for the gba ppu blend unit
+// used by both the normal (multi-pass) and fast (single-pass) software renderers
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+// bgr555 channel extraction
+#define getAlphaBit(x)     (((x) >> 15) & 1)
+#define getRedChannel(x)   (((x) >> 0) & 0x1F)
+#define getGreenChannel(x) (((x) >> 5) & 0x1F)
+#define getBlueChannel(x)  (((x) >> 10) & 0x1F)
+#define COLOR_OPAQUE       0x8000
+
+static inline uint16_t alphaBlendColor(uint16_t targetA, uint16_t targetB, unsigned int eva, unsigned int evb)
+{
+    unsigned int r = ((getRedChannel(targetA) * eva) + (getRedChannel(targetB) * evb)) >> 4;
+    unsigned int g = ((getGreenChannel(targetA) * eva) + (getGreenChannel(targetB) * evb)) >> 4;
+    unsigned int b = ((getBlueChannel(targetA) * eva) + (getBlueChannel(targetB) * evb)) >> 4;
+
+    if (r > 31)
+        r = 31;
+    if (g > 31)
+        g = 31;
+    if (b > 31)
+        b = 31;
+
+    return r | (g << 5) | (b << 10) | COLOR_OPAQUE;
+}
+
+static inline uint16_t alphaBrightnessIncrease(uint16_t targetA, unsigned int evy)
+{
+    unsigned int r = getRedChannel(targetA) + (31 - getRedChannel(targetA)) * evy / 16;
+    unsigned int g = getGreenChannel(targetA) + (31 - getGreenChannel(targetA)) * evy / 16;
+    unsigned int b = getBlueChannel(targetA) + (31 - getBlueChannel(targetA)) * evy / 16;
+
+    if (r > 31)
+        r = 31;
+    if (g > 31)
+        g = 31;
+    if (b > 31)
+        b = 31;
+
+    return r | (g << 5) | (b << 10) | COLOR_OPAQUE;
+}
+
+static inline uint16_t alphaBrightnessDecrease(uint16_t targetA, unsigned int evy)
+{
+    unsigned int r = getRedChannel(targetA) - getRedChannel(targetA) * evy / 16;
+    unsigned int g = getGreenChannel(targetA) - getGreenChannel(targetA) * evy / 16;
+    unsigned int b = getBlueChannel(targetA) - getBlueChannel(targetA) * evy / 16;
+
+    if (r > 31)
+        r = 31;
+    if (g > 31)
+        g = 31;
+    if (b > 31)
+        b = 31;
+
+    return r | (g << 5) | (b << 10) | COLOR_OPAQUE;
+}
+
+extern void gpsp_draw_frame(uint16_t *framebuf);
+
+#endif // GUARD_SW_RENDERER_COMMON_H
diff --git a/libagbsyscall/Makefile b/libagbsyscall/Makefile
index 654a44e4b..7f6c55693 100644
--- a/libagbsyscall/Makefile
+++ b/libagbsyscall/Makefile
@@ -34,6 +34,10 @@ else ifeq ($(CPU_ARCH),i386)
     TOOLCHAIN := /usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/
     PREFIX := x86_64-w64-mingw32-
   endif
+else ifeq ($(PLATFORM),psp)
+  PSPDEV    ?= $(HOME)/pspdev
+  export PATH := $(PSPDEV)/bin:$(PATH)
+  PREFIX    := psp-
 else ifneq ($(PLATFORM),sdl)
    $(error Unknown CPU architecture $(CPU_ARCH))
 endif # (PLATFORM == gba)
diff --git a/ps2/ntsc/SYSTEM.CNF b/ps2/ntsc/SYSTEM.CNF
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9c440527d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ps2/ntsc/SYSTEM.CNF
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+BOOT2 = cdrom0:\SLUS_054.02;1
+VER = 1.00
+VMODE = NTSC
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/game/special_stage/world.c b/src/game/special_stage/world.c
index eb293bf74..98f7e8e71 100644
--- a/src/game/special_stage/world.c
+++ b/src/game/special_stage/world.c
@@ -238,19 +238,10 @@ void sub_806EA04(void)
         temp5 = (i - stage->cameraHeight) * temp2 * 2;
 
         *unk1884++ = (Q_16_16_TO_INT(temp) * cos) >> 0x10; // BG2PA
-        // HACK: in SDL we don't handle these PB and PD values properly
-#if PLATFORM_SDL
-        *unk1884++ = 0;
-#else
         *unk1884++ = (Q_16_16_TO_INT(temp) * sin) >> 0x10; // BG2PB
-#endif
 
         *unk1884++ = (Q_16_16_TO_INT(temp) * -sin) >> 0x10; // BG2PC
-#if PLATFORM_SDL
-        *unk1884++ = 0;
-#else
         *unk1884++ = (Q_16_16_TO_INT(temp) * cos) >> 0x10; // BG2PD
-#endif
 
         x = (Q_16_16_TO_INT(temp5) * sin) + (Q_16_16_TO_INT(temp4) * cos) + stage->q16CameraX;
         y = (Q_16_16_TO_INT(temp4) * -sin) + (Q_16_16_TO_INT(temp5) * cos) + stage->q16CameraY;
diff --git a/src/game/stage/camera.c b/src/game/stage/camera.c
index f79e15226..ebfc56a4d 100644
--- a/src/game/stage/camera.c
+++ b/src/game/stage/camera.c
@@ -1202,9 +1202,13 @@ void CreateStageBg_Zone4(void)
     gBgScrollRegs[3][0] = 0;
     gBgScrollRegs[3][1] = 0;
 
+// Software renderer for these devices are too slow
+// to handle these spotlights
+#if !defined(__PS2__) && !defined(__PSP__)
     if (IS_SINGLE_PLAYER) {
         CreateSpotLightBeams();
     }
+#endif
 }
 
 void StageBgUpdate_Zone4Acts12(s32 cameraX, s32 cameraY)
diff --git a/src/platform/pret_sdl/sdl2.c b/src/platform/pret_sdl/sdl2.c
index f4ceaf79a..e645f09f8 100644
--- a/src/platform/pret_sdl/sdl2.c
+++ b/src/platform/pret_sdl/sdl2.c
@@ -10,6 +10,12 @@
 #include <xinput.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef __PSP__
+#include <pspkernel.h>
+#include <pspdebug.h>
+#include <pspgu.h>
+#endif
+
 #include <SDL.h>
 
 #include "global.h"
@@ -21,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "lib/agb_flash/flash_internal.h"
 #include "platform/shared/dma.h"
 #include "platform/shared/input.h"
+#include "platform/shared/video/gpsp_renderer.h"
 
 #if ENABLE_AUDIO
 #include "platform/shared/audio/cgb_audio.h"
@@ -92,6 +99,11 @@ bool paused = false;
 bool stepOneFrame = false;
 bool headless = false;
 
+#ifdef __PSP__
+static SDL_Joystick *joystick = NULL;
+static SDL_Rect pspDestRect;
+#endif
+
 double lastGameTime = 0;
 double curGameTime = 0;
 double fixedTimestep = 1.0 / 60.0; // 16.666667ms
@@ -120,8 +132,50 @@ void *Platform_malloc(size_t numBytes) { return HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(), HEAP
 void Platform_free(void *ptr) { HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, ptr); }
 #endif
 
+#ifdef __PSP__
+PSP_MODULE_INFO("SonicAdvance2", 0, 1, 0);
+PSP_MAIN_THREAD_ATTR(THREAD_ATTR_USER | THREAD_ATTR_VFPU);
+PSP_HEAP_SIZE_KB(-1024);
+
+unsigned int sce_newlib_stack_size = 512 * 1024;
+
+extern bool isRunning;
+
+int exitCallback(int arg1, int arg2, void *common)
+{
+    (void)arg1;
+    (void)arg2;
+    (void)common;
+    isRunning = false;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int callbackThread(SceSize args, void *argp)
+{
+    (void)args;
+    (void)argp;
+    int cbid = sceKernelCreateCallback("Exit Callback", exitCallback, NULL);
+    sceKernelRegisterExitCallback(cbid);
+    sceKernelSleepThreadCB();
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int setupPspCallbacks(void)
+{
+    int thid = sceKernelCreateThread("update_thread", callbackThread, 0x11, 0xFA0, 0, 0);
+    if (thid >= 0) {
+        sceKernelStartThread(thid, 0, 0);
+    }
+    return thid;
+}
+#endif
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
+#ifdef __PSP__
+    setupPspCallbacks();
+#endif
+
     const char *headlessEnv = getenv("HEADLESS");
 
     if (headlessEnv && strcmp(headlessEnv, "true") == 0) {
@@ -151,8 +205,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
     REG_KEYINPUT = 0x3FF;
 
     if (headless) {
+#if ENABLE_AUDIO
         // Required or it makes an infinite loop
         cgb_audio_init(48000);
+#endif
         AgbMain();
         return 1;
     }
@@ -162,14 +218,24 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         return 1;
     }
 
+#ifdef __PSP__
+    if (SDL_NumJoysticks() > 0) {
+        joystick = SDL_JoystickOpen(0);
+    }
+#endif
+
 #ifdef TITLE_BAR
     const char *title = STR(TITLE_BAR);
 #else
     const char *title = "SAT-R sa2";
 #endif
 
+#ifdef __PSP__
+    sdlWindow = SDL_CreateWindow(title, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, 480, 272, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);
+#else
     sdlWindow = SDL_CreateWindow(title, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, DISPLAY_WIDTH * videoScale,
                                  DISPLAY_HEIGHT * videoScale, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN | SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE);
+#endif
     if (sdlWindow == NULL) {
         fprintf(stderr, "Window could not be created! SDL_Error: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
         return 1;
@@ -191,7 +257,15 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
     }
 #endif
 
+#ifdef __PSP__
+    sdlRenderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(sdlWindow, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED | SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC);
+    if (sdlRenderer == NULL)
+        sdlRenderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(sdlWindow, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED);
+    if (sdlRenderer == NULL)
+        sdlRenderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(sdlWindow, -1, 0);
+#else
     sdlRenderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(sdlWindow, -1, SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC);
+#endif
     if (sdlRenderer == NULL) {
         fprintf(stderr, "Renderer could not be created! SDL_Error: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
         return 1;
@@ -208,7 +282,12 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
     SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(sdlRenderer, 0, 0, 0, 255);
     SDL_RenderClear(sdlRenderer);
     SDL_SetHint(SDL_HINT_RENDER_SCALE_QUALITY, "0");
+#ifdef __PSP__
+    // SDL_RenderSetLogicalSize is broken on PSP, stretch to fill manually
+    pspDestRect = (SDL_Rect) { 0, 0, GU_SCR_WIDTH, GU_SCR_HEIGHT };
+#else
     SDL_RenderSetLogicalSize(sdlRenderer, DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT);
+#endif
 #if ENABLE_VRAM_VIEW
     SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(vramRenderer, 0, 0, 0, 255);
     SDL_RenderClear(vramRenderer);
@@ -234,16 +313,16 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
     SDL_memset(&want, 0, sizeof(want)); /* or SDL_zero(want) */
     want.freq = 48000;
-    want.format = AUDIO_F32;
+    want.format = AUDIO_S16;
     want.channels = 2;
     want.samples = (want.freq / 60);
     cgb_audio_init(want.freq);
 
-    if (SDL_OpenAudio(&want, 0) < 0)
+    if (SDL_OpenAudio(&want, 0) < 0) {
         SDL_Log("Failed to open audio: %s", SDL_GetError());
-    else {
-        if (want.format != AUDIO_F32) /* we let this one thing change. */
-            SDL_Log("We didn't get Float32 audio format.");
+    } else {
+        if (want.format != AUDIO_S16) /* we let this one thing change. */
+            SDL_Log("We didn't get S16 audio format.");
         SDL_PauseAudio(0);
     }
 #endif
@@ -259,12 +338,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 bool newFrameRequested = FALSE;
 
-// Every GBA frame we process the SDL events and render the number of times
-// SDL requires us to for vsync. When we need another frame we break out of
-// the loop via a return
+// called every gba frame. we process sdl events and render as many times
+// as vsync needs, then return when a new game frame is needed.
 void VBlankIntrWait(void)
 {
-    // ((struct MultiSioPacket *)gMultiSioArea.nextSendBufp)
 #define HANDLE_VBLANK_INTRS()                                                                                                              \
     ({                                                                                                                                     \
         REG_DISPSTAT |= INTR_FLAG_VBLANK;                                                                                                  \
@@ -281,16 +358,18 @@ void VBlankIntrWait(void)
     }
 
     bool frameAvailable = TRUE;
+    bool frameDrawn = false;
 
     while (isRunning) {
+#ifndef __PSP__
         ProcessSDLEvents();
+#endif
 
         if (!paused || stepOneFrame) {
             double dt = fixedTimestep / timeScale; // TODO: Fix speedup
 
-            // Hack to emulate the behaviour of threaded sdl
-            // it will not add any new values to the accumulator
-            // when a new frame was requested within a frame cycle
+            // don't accumulate time if we already requested a new frame
+            // this frame cycle (emulates threaded sdl behavior)
             if (!newFrameRequested) {
                 double deltaTime = 0;
 
@@ -314,6 +393,7 @@ void VBlankIntrWait(void)
                 if (frameAvailable) {
                     VDraw(sdlTexture);
                     frameAvailable = FALSE;
+                    frameDrawn = true;
 
                     HANDLE_VBLANK_INTRS();
 
@@ -329,6 +409,12 @@ void VBlankIntrWait(void)
             }
         }
 
+        // present
+#ifdef __PSP__
+        // manual blit since SDL_RenderSetLogicalSize doesn't work on psp
+        SDL_RenderCopy(sdlRenderer, sdlTexture, NULL, &pspDestRect);
+        SDL_RenderPresent(sdlRenderer);
+#else
         SDL_RenderClear(sdlRenderer);
         SDL_RenderCopy(sdlRenderer, sdlTexture, NULL, NULL);
 
@@ -345,6 +431,7 @@ void VBlankIntrWait(void)
         SDL_RenderPresent(sdlRenderer);
 #if ENABLE_VRAM_VIEW
         SDL_RenderPresent(vramRenderer);
+#endif
 #endif
     }
 
@@ -352,8 +439,11 @@ void VBlankIntrWait(void)
 
     SDL_DestroyWindow(sdlWindow);
     SDL_Quit();
+#ifdef __PSP__
+    sceKernelExitGame();
+#endif
     exit(0);
-#undef RUN_VBLANK_INTRS
+#undef HANDLE_VBLANK_INTRS
 }
 
 static void ReadSaveFile(char *path)
@@ -397,6 +487,8 @@ static void CloseSaveFile()
     }
 }
 
+static u16 keys;
+
 // Key mappings
 #define KEY_A_BUTTON      SDLK_c
 #define KEY_B_BUTTON      SDLK_x
@@ -419,12 +511,60 @@ static void CloseSaveFile()
         keys |= key;                                                                                                                       \
         break;
 
-static u16 keys;
+#ifdef __PSP__
+#define BTN_TRIANGLE 0
+#define BTN_CIRCLE   1
+#define BTN_CROSS    2
+#define BTN_SQUARE   3
+#define BTN_LTRIGGER 4
+#define BTN_RTRIGGER 5
+#define BTN_DOWN     6
+#define BTN_LEFT     7
+#define BTN_UP       8
+#define BTN_RIGHT    9
+#define BTN_SELECT   10
+#define BTN_START    11
+
+static u16 PollJoystickButtons(void)
+{
+    u16 newKeys = 0;
+    if (joystick == NULL)
+        return newKeys;
+
+    SDL_JoystickUpdate();
+
+    if (SDL_JoystickGetButton(joystick, BTN_CROSS))
+        newKeys |= A_BUTTON;
+    if (SDL_JoystickGetButton(joystick, BTN_CIRCLE))
+        newKeys |= B_BUTTON;
+    if (SDL_JoystickGetButton(joystick, BTN_SQUARE))
+        newKeys |= B_BUTTON; // Square also B
+    if (SDL_JoystickGetButton(joystick, BTN_START))
+        newKeys |= START_BUTTON;
+    if (SDL_JoystickGetButton(joystick, BTN_SELECT))
+        newKeys |= SELECT_BUTTON;
+    if (SDL_JoystickGetButton(joystick, BTN_LTRIGGER))
+        newKeys |= L_BUTTON;
+    if (SDL_JoystickGetButton(joystick, BTN_RTRIGGER))
+        newKeys |= R_BUTTON;
+    if (SDL_JoystickGetButton(joystick, BTN_UP))
+        newKeys |= DPAD_UP;
+    if (SDL_JoystickGetButton(joystick, BTN_DOWN))
+        newKeys |= DPAD_DOWN;
+    if (SDL_JoystickGetButton(joystick, BTN_LEFT))
+        newKeys |= DPAD_LEFT;
+    if (SDL_JoystickGetButton(joystick, BTN_RIGHT))
+        newKeys |= DPAD_RIGHT;
+
+    return newKeys;
+}
+
+#endif
 
 u32 fullScreenFlags = 0;
 static SDL_DisplayMode sdlDispMode = { 0 };
 
-void Platform_QueueAudio(const void *data, uint32_t bytesCount)
+void Platform_QueueAudio(const s16 *data, uint32_t bytesCount)
 {
     if (headless) {
         return;
@@ -561,18 +701,33 @@ u16 Platform_GetKeyInput(void)
     return (gamepadKeys != 0) ? gamepadKeys : keys;
 #endif
 
+#ifdef __PSP__
+    return keys | PollJoystickButtons();
+#endif
+
     return keys;
 }
 
 // BIOS function implementations are based on the VBA-M source code.
 
-static uint32_t CPUReadMemory(const void *src) { return *(uint32_t *)src; }
+// safe unaligned access for MIPS
+static uint32_t CPUReadMemory(const void *src)
+{
+    uint32_t val;
+    memcpy(&val, src, sizeof(val));
+    return val;
+}
 
-static void CPUWriteMemory(void *dest, uint32_t val) { *(uint32_t *)dest = val; }
+static void CPUWriteMemory(void *dest, uint32_t val) { memcpy(dest, &val, sizeof(val)); }
 
-static uint16_t CPUReadHalfWord(const void *src) { return *(uint16_t *)src; }
+static uint16_t CPUReadHalfWord(const void *src)
+{
+    uint16_t val;
+    memcpy(&val, src, sizeof(val));
+    return val;
+}
 
-static void CPUWriteHalfWord(void *dest, uint16_t val) { *(uint16_t *)dest = val; }
+static void CPUWriteHalfWord(void *dest, uint16_t val) { memcpy(dest, &val, sizeof(val)); }
 
 static uint8_t CPUReadByte(const void *src) { return *(uint8_t *)src; }
 
@@ -968,25 +1123,26 @@ static const uint16_t bgMapSizes[][2] = {
 #define applySpriteHorizontalMosaicEffect(x) (x - (x % (mosaicSpriteEffectX + 1)))
 #define applySpriteVerticalMosaicEffect(y)   (y - (y % (mosaicSpriteEffectY + 1)))
 
-// NOTE: This is the corrected function.
 static void RenderBGScanline(int bgNum, uint16_t control, uint16_t hoffs, uint16_t voffs, int lineNum, uint16_t *line)
 {
     unsigned int charBaseBlock = (control >> 2) & 3;
     unsigned int screenBaseBlock = (control & BGCNT_SCREENBASE_MASK) >> 8;
-    unsigned int bitsPerPixel = ((control >> 7) & 1) ? 8 : 4;
+    unsigned int is8bpp = (control >> 7) & 1;
 
     // Determine background dimensions from the control register
     unsigned int mapWidth = bgMapSizes[control >> 14][0]; // in tiles
-    unsigned int mapHeight = bgMapSizes[control >> 14][1]; // in tiles
-    unsigned int mapPixelWidth = mapWidth * TILE_WIDTH;
-    unsigned int mapPixelHeight = mapHeight * TILE_WIDTH;
+    unsigned int mapPixelWidth = mapWidth << 3;
+    unsigned int mapPixelHeight = bgMapSizes[control >> 14][1] << 3;
+    unsigned int pixelWidthMask = mapPixelWidth - 1;
+    unsigned int pixelHeightMask = mapPixelHeight - 1;
 
     uint8_t *bgtiles = (uint8_t *)BG_CHAR_ADDR(charBaseBlock);
     uint16_t *bgmap = (uint16_t *)BG_SCREEN_ADDR(screenBaseBlock);
     uint16_t *pal = (uint16_t *)PLTT;
 
     // Apply vertical mosaic effect to the entire scanline if enabled
-    if (control & BGCNT_MOSAIC) {
+    bool hasMosaic = control & BGCNT_MOSAIC;
+    if (hasMosaic) {
         lineNum = applyBGVerticalMosaicEffect(lineNum);
     }
 
@@ -994,29 +1150,22 @@ static void RenderBGScanline(int bgNum, uint16_t control, uint16_t hoffs, uint16
     hoffs &= 0x1FF;
     voffs &= 0x1FF;
 
+    unsigned int yy = (lineNum + voffs) & pixelHeightMask;
+    unsigned int mapY = yy >> 3;
+    unsigned int tileY = yy & 7;
+    unsigned int mapRowBase = mapY * mapWidth;
+
     for (unsigned int x = 0; x < DISPLAY_WIDTH; x++) {
-        unsigned int xx, yy;
+        unsigned int xx;
 
-        // Calculate the source coordinate in the background map, applying scroll and mosaic
-        if (control & BGCNT_MOSAIC) {
-            xx = applyBGHorizontalMosaicEffect(x) + hoffs;
+        if (hasMosaic) {
+            xx = (applyBGHorizontalMosaicEffect(x) + hoffs) & pixelWidthMask;
         } else {
-            xx = x + hoffs;
+            xx = (x + hoffs) & pixelWidthMask;
         }
-        yy = lineNum + voffs;
-
-        // Wrap the coordinates based on the background's actual pixel dimensions.
-        // This fixes issues with backgrounds that are not 256x256.
-        xx &= (mapPixelWidth - 1);
-        yy &= (mapPixelHeight - 1);
-
-        // Convert pixel coordinates to tile coordinates
-        unsigned int mapX = xx / TILE_WIDTH;
-        unsigned int mapY = yy / TILE_WIDTH;
 
-        // Calculate the 1D index into the tilemap. This was the primary source of bugs,
-        // as the original code used a hardcoded map width of 32 tiles.
-        unsigned int mapIndex = mapY * mapWidth + mapX;
+        unsigned int mapX = xx >> 3;
+        unsigned int mapIndex = mapRowBase + mapX;
 
         uint16_t entry = bgmap[mapIndex];
         unsigned int tileNum = entry & 0x3FF;
@@ -1026,40 +1175,30 @@ static void RenderBGScanline(int bgNum, uint16_t control, uint16_t hoffs, uint16
         vramPalIdBuffer[tileNum] = paletteNum;
 #endif
 
-        // Get the coordinate within the specific tile
-        unsigned int tileX = xx % TILE_WIDTH;
-        unsigned int tileY = yy % TILE_WIDTH;
+        unsigned int tx = xx & 7;
+        unsigned int ty = tileY;
 
-        // Handle horizontal and vertical tile flipping
         if (entry & (1 << 10))
-            tileX = (TILE_WIDTH - 1) - tileX; // H-flip
+            tx = 7 - tx;
         if (entry & (1 << 11))
-            tileY = (TILE_WIDTH - 1) - tileY; // V-flip
+            ty = 7 - ty;
 
-        // Calculate address of the pixel data and extract the color
-        if (bitsPerPixel == 4) {
-            uint32_t tileDataOffset = tileNum * TILE_SIZE_4BPP;
-            uint32_t pixelByteOffset = (tileY * TILE_WIDTH + tileX) / 2;
+        if (!is8bpp) {
+            uint32_t tileDataOffset = tileNum << 5;
+            uint32_t pixelByteOffset = (ty << 2) + (tx >> 1);
             uint8_t pixelPair = bgtiles[tileDataOffset + pixelByteOffset];
 
-            uint8_t pixel;
-            if (tileX & 1) {
-                pixel = pixelPair >> 4;
-            } else {
-                pixel = pixelPair & 0xF;
-            }
+            uint8_t pixel = (tx & 1) ? (pixelPair >> 4) : (pixelPair & 0xF);
 
             if (pixel != 0) {
-                line[x] = pal[16 * paletteNum + pixel] | 0x8000;
+                line[x] = pal[(paletteNum << 4) + pixel] | 0x8000;
             }
         } else { // 8 bits per pixel
-            uint32_t tileDataOffset = tileNum * TILE_SIZE_8BPP;
-            uint32_t pixelByteOffset = tileY * TILE_WIDTH + tileX;
+            uint32_t tileDataOffset = tileNum << 6;
+            uint32_t pixelByteOffset = (ty << 3) + tx;
             uint8_t pixel = bgtiles[tileDataOffset + pixelByteOffset];
 
             if (pixel != 0) {
-                // For 8bpp tiles, the palette number in the tile entry is ignored.
-                // The pixel value is a direct index into the 256-color palette.
                 line[x] = pal[pixel] | 0x8000;
             }
         }
@@ -1257,64 +1396,7 @@ const u8 spriteSizes[][2] = {
     { 32, 64 },
 };
 
-#define getAlphaBit(x)     ((x >> 15) & 1)
-#define getRedChannel(x)   ((x >> 0) & 0x1F)
-#define getGreenChannel(x) ((x >> 5) & 0x1F)
-#define getBlueChannel(x)  ((x >> 10) & 0x1F)
-#define isbgEnabled(x)     ((REG_DISPCNT >> 8) & 0xF) & (1 << x)
-
-static uint16_t alphaBlendColor(uint16_t targetA, uint16_t targetB)
-{
-    unsigned int eva = REG_BLDALPHA & 0x1F;
-    unsigned int evb = (REG_BLDALPHA >> 8) & 0x1F;
-    // shift right by 4 = division by 16
-    unsigned int r = ((getRedChannel(targetA) * eva) + (getRedChannel(targetB) * evb)) >> 4;
-    unsigned int g = ((getGreenChannel(targetA) * eva) + (getGreenChannel(targetB) * evb)) >> 4;
-    unsigned int b = ((getBlueChannel(targetA) * eva) + (getBlueChannel(targetB) * evb)) >> 4;
-
-    if (r > 31)
-        r = 31;
-    if (g > 31)
-        g = 31;
-    if (b > 31)
-        b = 31;
-
-    return r | (g << 5) | (b << 10) | (1 << 15);
-}
-
-static uint16_t alphaBrightnessIncrease(uint16_t targetA)
-{
-    unsigned int evy = (REG_BLDY & 0x1F);
-    unsigned int r = getRedChannel(targetA) + (31 - getRedChannel(targetA)) * evy / 16;
-    unsigned int g = getGreenChannel(targetA) + (31 - getGreenChannel(targetA)) * evy / 16;
-    unsigned int b = getBlueChannel(targetA) + (31 - getBlueChannel(targetA)) * evy / 16;
-
-    if (r > 31)
-        r = 31;
-    if (g > 31)
-        g = 31;
-    if (b > 31)
-        b = 31;
-
-    return r | (g << 5) | (b << 10) | (1 << 15);
-}
-
-static uint16_t alphaBrightnessDecrease(uint16_t targetA)
-{
-    unsigned int evy = (REG_BLDY & 0x1F);
-    unsigned int r = getRedChannel(targetA) - getRedChannel(targetA) * evy / 16;
-    unsigned int g = getGreenChannel(targetA) - getGreenChannel(targetA) * evy / 16;
-    unsigned int b = getBlueChannel(targetA) - getBlueChannel(targetA) * evy / 16;
-
-    if (r > 31)
-        r = 31;
-    if (g > 31)
-        g = 31;
-    if (b > 31)
-        b = 31;
-
-    return r | (g << 5) | (b << 10) | (1 << 15);
-}
+#define isbgEnabled(x) ((REG_DISPCNT >> 8) & 0xF) & (1 << x)
 
 // outputs the blended pixel in colorOutput, the prxxx are the bg priority and
 // subpriority, pixelpos is pixel offset in scanline
@@ -1396,8 +1478,6 @@ static void DrawOamSprites(struct scanlineData *scanline, uint16_t vcount, bool
 
         bool isAffine = oam->split.affineMode & 1;
         bool doubleSizeOrDisabled = (oam->split.affineMode >> 1) & 1;
-        bool isSemiTransparent = (oam->split.objMode == 1);
-        bool isObjWin = (oam->split.objMode == 2);
 
         if (!(isAffine) && doubleSizeOrDisabled) // disable for non-affine
         {
@@ -1408,31 +1488,41 @@ static void DrawOamSprites(struct scanlineData *scanline, uint16_t vcount, bool
         width = gOamShapesSizes[index][0];
         height = gOamShapesSizes[index][1];
 
-        int rect_width = width;
-        int rect_height = height;
-
         int half_width = width / 2;
         int half_height = height / 2;
 
-        pixels = scanline->spriteLayers[oam->split.priority];
-
         int32_t x = oam->split.x;
         int32_t y = oam->split.y;
 
 #if !EXTENDED_OAM
-        // The regular, unextended values are 9 and 8 unsigned bits for x and y respectively.
-        // Once they have exceeded the screen's right or bottom, they get treated as signed values on original hardware.
-        // This is done so that, for example, a sprite at 0 on either axis that moves left or up will not suddenly disappear.
-        //
-        // With EXTENDED_OAM we are using signed 16 bit values, so we don't want to change the raw value.
         if (x >= DISPLAY_WIDTH)
             x -= 512;
         if (y >= DISPLAY_HEIGHT)
             y -= 256;
 #endif
 
+        if (isAffine && doubleSizeOrDisabled) {
+            half_width *= 2;
+            half_height *= 2;
+        }
+
+        int spriteTop = y;
+        int spriteBottom = y + (half_height * 2);
+        if ((int)vcount < spriteTop || (int)vcount >= spriteBottom)
+            continue;
+
+        int spriteLeft = x;
+        int spriteRight = x + (half_width * 2);
+        if (spriteRight < 0 || spriteLeft >= DISPLAY_WIDTH)
+            continue;
+
+        bool isSemiTransparent = (oam->split.objMode == 1);
+        bool isObjWin = (oam->split.objMode == 2);
+
+        int rect_width = width;
+        int rect_height = height;
+
         if (isAffine) {
-            // TODO: there is probably a better way to do this
             u8 matrixNum = oam->split.matrixNum * 4;
 
             OamData *oam1 = &((OamData *)OAM)[matrixNum];
@@ -1445,26 +1535,22 @@ static void DrawOamSprites(struct scanlineData *scanline, uint16_t vcount, bool
             matrix[1][0] = oam3->all.affineParam;
             matrix[1][1] = oam4->all.affineParam;
 
-            if (doubleSizeOrDisabled) // double size for affine
-            {
+            if (doubleSizeOrDisabled) {
                 rect_width *= 2;
                 rect_height *= 2;
-                half_width *= 2;
-                half_height *= 2;
             }
         } else {
-            // Identity
             matrix[0][0] = 0x100;
             matrix[0][1] = 0;
             matrix[1][0] = 0;
             matrix[1][1] = 0x100;
         }
 
+        pixels = scanline->spriteLayers[oam->split.priority];
         x += half_width;
         y += half_height;
 
-        // Does this sprite actually draw on this scanline?
-        if (vcount >= (y - half_height) && vcount < (y + half_height)) {
+        {
             int local_y = (oam->split.mosaic == 1) ? applySpriteVerticalMosaicEffect(vcount) - y : vcount - y;
             int number = oam->split.tileNum;
             int palette = oam->split.paletteNum;
@@ -1472,96 +1558,100 @@ static void DrawOamSprites(struct scanlineData *scanline, uint16_t vcount, bool
             bool flipY = !isAffine && ((oam->split.matrixNum >> 4) & 1);
             bool is8BPP = oam->split.bpp & 1;
 
-            for (int local_x = -half_width; local_x <= half_width; local_x++) {
+            {
                 uint8_t *tiledata = (uint8_t *)objtiles;
-                uint16_t *palette = (uint16_t *)(PLTT + (0x200 / 2));
-                int local_mosaicX;
-                int tex_x;
-                int tex_y;
-
-                unsigned int global_x = local_x + x;
-
-                if (global_x < 0 || global_x >= DISPLAY_WIDTH)
-                    continue;
-
-                if (oam->split.mosaic == 1) {
-                    // mosaic effect has to be applied to global coordinates otherwise
-                    // the mosaic will scroll
-                    local_mosaicX = applySpriteHorizontalMosaicEffect(global_x) - x;
-                    tex_x = ((matrix[0][0] * local_mosaicX + matrix[0][1] * local_y) >> 8) + (width / 2);
-                    tex_y = ((matrix[1][0] * local_mosaicX + matrix[1][1] * local_y) >> 8) + (height / 2);
-                } else {
-                    tex_x = ((matrix[0][0] * local_x + matrix[0][1] * local_y) >> 8) + (width / 2);
-                    tex_y = ((matrix[1][0] * local_x + matrix[1][1] * local_y) >> 8) + (height / 2);
-                }
+                uint16_t *sprpal = (uint16_t *)(PLTT + (0x200 / 2));
+                for (int local_x = -half_width; local_x <= half_width; local_x++) {
+                    int local_mosaicX;
+                    int tex_x;
+                    int tex_y;
 
-                /* Check if transformed coordinates are inside bounds. */
-
-                if (tex_x >= width || tex_y >= height || tex_x < 0 || tex_y < 0)
-                    continue;
-
-                if (flipX)
-                    tex_x = width - tex_x - 1;
-                if (flipY)
-                    tex_y = height - tex_y - 1;
-
-                int tile_x = tex_x % 8;
-                int tile_y = tex_y % 8;
-                int block_x = tex_x / 8;
-                int block_y = tex_y / 8;
-                int block_offset = ((block_y * (REG_DISPCNT & 0x40 ? (width / 8) : 16)) + block_x);
-                uint16_t pixel = 0;
-
-                if (!is8BPP) {
-                    int tileDataIndex = (block_offset + oam->split.tileNum) * 32 + (tile_y * 4) + (tile_x / 2);
-                    pixel = tiledata[tileDataIndex];
-                    if (tile_x & 1)
-                        pixel >>= 4;
-                    else
-                        pixel &= 0xF;
-                    palette += oam->split.paletteNum * 16;
-#if ENABLE_VRAM_VIEW
-                    vramPalIdBuffer[0x800 + (tileDataIndex / 32)] = 16 + oam->split.paletteNum;
-#endif
-                } else {
-                    pixel = tiledata[(block_offset * 2 + oam->split.tileNum) * 32 + (tile_y * 8) + tile_x];
-                }
+                    unsigned int global_x = local_x + x;
 
-                if (pixel != 0) {
-                    uint16_t color = palette[pixel];
+                    if (global_x < 0 || global_x >= DISPLAY_WIDTH)
+                        continue;
+
+                    if (oam->split.mosaic == 1) {
+                        // mosaic effect has to be applied to global coordinates otherwise
+                        // the mosaic will scroll
+                        local_mosaicX = applySpriteHorizontalMosaicEffect(global_x) - x;
+                        tex_x = ((matrix[0][0] * local_mosaicX + matrix[0][1] * local_y) >> 8) + (width / 2);
+                        tex_y = ((matrix[1][0] * local_mosaicX + matrix[1][1] * local_y) >> 8) + (height / 2);
+                    } else {
+                        tex_x = ((matrix[0][0] * local_x + matrix[0][1] * local_y) >> 8) + (width / 2);
+                        tex_y = ((matrix[1][0] * local_x + matrix[1][1] * local_y) >> 8) + (height / 2);
+                    }
+
+                    /* Check if transformed coordinates are inside bounds. */
 
-                    // if sprite mode is 2 then write to the window mask instead
-                    if (isObjWin) {
-                        if (scanline->winMask[global_x] & WINMASK_WINOUT)
-                            scanline->winMask[global_x] = (REG_WINOUT >> 8) & 0x3F;
+                    if (tex_x >= width || tex_y >= height || tex_x < 0 || tex_y < 0)
                         continue;
+
+                    if (flipX)
+                        tex_x = width - tex_x - 1;
+                    if (flipY)
+                        tex_y = height - tex_y - 1;
+
+                    int tile_x = tex_x & 7;
+                    int tile_y = tex_y & 7;
+                    int block_x = tex_x >> 3;
+                    int block_y = tex_y >> 3;
+                    int block_offset = ((block_y * (REG_DISPCNT & 0x40 ? (width >> 3) : 16)) + block_x);
+                    uint16_t pixel = 0;
+
+                    uint16_t *pixpal;
+                    if (!is8BPP) {
+                        int tileDataIndex = ((block_offset + oam->split.tileNum) << 5) + (tile_y << 2) + (tile_x >> 1);
+                        pixel = tiledata[tileDataIndex];
+                        if (tile_x & 1)
+                            pixel >>= 4;
+                        else
+                            pixel &= 0xF;
+                        pixpal = sprpal + (oam->split.paletteNum << 4);
+#if ENABLE_VRAM_VIEW
+                        vramPalIdBuffer[0x800 + (tileDataIndex >> 5)] = 16 + oam->split.paletteNum;
+#endif
+                    } else {
+                        pixel = tiledata[((block_offset * 2 + oam->split.tileNum) << 5) + (tile_y << 3) + tile_x];
+                        pixpal = sprpal;
                     }
-                    // this code runs if pixel is to be drawn
-                    if (global_x < DISPLAY_WIDTH && global_x >= 0) {
-                        // check if its enabled in the window (if window is enabled)
-                        winShouldBlendPixel = (windowsEnabled == false || scanline->winMask[global_x] & WINMASK_CLR);
-
-                        // has to be separated from the blend mode switch statement
-                        // because of OBJ semi transparancy feature
-                        if ((blendMode == 1 && REG_BLDCNT & BLDCNT_TGT1_OBJ && winShouldBlendPixel) || isSemiTransparent) {
-                            uint16_t targetA = color;
-                            uint16_t targetB = 0;
-                            if (alphaBlendSelectTargetB(scanline, &targetB, oam->split.priority, 0, global_x, false)) {
-                                color = alphaBlendColor(targetA, targetB);
-                            }
-                        } else if (REG_BLDCNT & BLDCNT_TGT1_OBJ && winShouldBlendPixel) {
-                            switch (blendMode) {
-                                case 2:
-                                    color = alphaBrightnessIncrease(color);
-                                    break;
-                                case 3:
-                                    color = alphaBrightnessDecrease(color);
-                                    break;
-                            }
+
+                    if (pixel != 0) {
+                        uint16_t color = pixpal[pixel];
+
+                        // if sprite mode is 2 then write to the window mask instead
+                        if (isObjWin) {
+                            if (scanline->winMask[global_x] & WINMASK_WINOUT)
+                                scanline->winMask[global_x] = (REG_WINOUT >> 8) & 0x3F;
+                            continue;
                         }
+                        // this code runs if pixel is to be drawn
+                        if (global_x < DISPLAY_WIDTH && global_x >= 0) {
+                            // check if its enabled in the window (if window is enabled)
+                            winShouldBlendPixel = (windowsEnabled == false || scanline->winMask[global_x] & WINMASK_CLR);
+
+                            // has to be separated from the blend mode switch statement
+                            // because of OBJ semi transparancy feature
+                            if ((blendMode == 1 && REG_BLDCNT & BLDCNT_TGT1_OBJ && winShouldBlendPixel) || isSemiTransparent) {
+                                uint16_t targetA = color;
+                                uint16_t targetB = 0;
+                                if (alphaBlendSelectTargetB(scanline, &targetB, oam->split.priority, 0, global_x, false)) {
+                                    color = alphaBlendColor(targetA, targetB, REG_BLDALPHA & 0x1F, (REG_BLDALPHA >> 8) & 0x1F);
+                                }
+                            } else if (REG_BLDCNT & BLDCNT_TGT1_OBJ && winShouldBlendPixel) {
+                                switch (blendMode) {
+                                    case 2:
+                                        color = alphaBrightnessIncrease(color, REG_BLDY & 0x1F);
+                                        break;
+                                    case 3:
+                                        color = alphaBrightnessDecrease(color, REG_BLDY & 0x1F);
+                                        break;
+                                }
+                            }
 
-                        // write pixel to pixel framebuffer
-                        pixels[global_x] = color | (1 << 15);
+                            // write pixel to pixel framebuffer
+                            pixels[global_x] = color | (1 << 15);
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -1574,14 +1664,19 @@ static void DrawScanline(uint16_t *pixels, uint16_t vcount)
     unsigned int mode = REG_DISPCNT & 3;
     unsigned char numOfBgs = (mode == 0 ? 4 : 3);
     int bgnum, prnum;
-    struct scanlineData scanline;
+    static struct scanlineData scanline;
     unsigned int blendMode = (REG_BLDCNT >> 6) & 3;
     unsigned int xpos;
+    unsigned int enabledBgs = (REG_DISPCNT >> 8) & 0xF;
 
-    // initialize all priority bookkeeping data
-    memset(scanline.layers, 0, sizeof(scanline.layers));
-    memset(scanline.winMask, 0, sizeof(scanline.winMask));
-    memset(scanline.spriteLayers, 0, sizeof(scanline.spriteLayers));
+    // Only zero the layers that are actually enabled,
+    // instead of blindly zeroing all 4+4 layers (~8KB total) every scanline.
+    for (bgnum = 0; bgnum < numOfBgs; bgnum++) {
+        if (enabledBgs & (1 << bgnum))
+            memset(scanline.layers[bgnum], 0, sizeof(scanline.layers[bgnum]));
+    }
+    if (REG_DISPCNT & DISPCNT_OBJ_ON)
+        memset(scanline.spriteLayers, 0, sizeof(scanline.spriteLayers));
     memset(scanline.prioritySortedBgsCount, 0, sizeof(scanline.prioritySortedBgsCount));
 
     for (bgnum = 0; bgnum < numOfBgs; bgnum++) {
@@ -1696,63 +1791,88 @@ static void DrawScanline(uint16_t *pixels, uint16_t vcount)
     if (REG_DISPCNT & DISPCNT_OBJ_ON)
         DrawOamSprites(&scanline, vcount, windowsEnabled);
 
-    // iterate trough every priority in order
-    for (prnum = 3; prnum >= 0; prnum--) {
-        for (char prsub = scanline.prioritySortedBgsCount[prnum] - 1; prsub >= 0; prsub--) {
-            char bgnum = scanline.prioritySortedBgs[prnum][prsub];
-            // if background is enabled then draw it
-            if (isbgEnabled(bgnum)) {
-                uint16_t *src = scanline.layers[bgnum];
-                // copy all pixels to framebuffer
+    // iterate through every priority in order
+    if (blendMode == 0 && !windowsEnabled) {
+        for (prnum = 3; prnum >= 0; prnum--) {
+            for (char prsub = scanline.prioritySortedBgsCount[prnum] - 1; prsub >= 0; prsub--) {
+                char bgnum = scanline.prioritySortedBgs[prnum][prsub];
+                if (isbgEnabled(bgnum)) {
+                    uint16_t *src = scanline.layers[bgnum];
+                    for (xpos = 0; xpos < DISPLAY_WIDTH; xpos++) {
+                        uint16_t color = src[xpos];
+                        if (color & 0x8000) // alpha bit set = opaque
+                            pixels[xpos] = color;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            // draw sprites on current priority
+            if (REG_DISPCNT & DISPCNT_OBJ_ON) {
+                uint16_t *src = scanline.spriteLayers[prnum];
                 for (xpos = 0; xpos < DISPLAY_WIDTH; xpos++) {
-                    uint16_t color = src[xpos];
-                    bool winEffectEnable = true;
-
-                    if (!getAlphaBit(color))
-                        continue; // do nothing if alpha bit is not set
+                    if (src[xpos] & 0x8000)
+                        pixels[xpos] = src[xpos];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        // FULL PATH: blending and/or windows are active
+        for (prnum = 3; prnum >= 0; prnum--) {
+            for (char prsub = scanline.prioritySortedBgsCount[prnum] - 1; prsub >= 0; prsub--) {
+                char bgnum = scanline.prioritySortedBgs[prnum][prsub];
+                // if background is enabled then draw it
+                if (isbgEnabled(bgnum)) {
+                    uint16_t *src = scanline.layers[bgnum];
+                    // copy all pixels to framebuffer
+                    for (xpos = 0; xpos < DISPLAY_WIDTH; xpos++) {
+                        uint16_t color = src[xpos];
+                        bool winEffectEnable = true;
+
+                        if (!getAlphaBit(color))
+                            continue; // do nothing if alpha bit is not set
+
+                        if (windowsEnabled) {
+                            winEffectEnable = ((scanline.winMask[xpos] & WINMASK_CLR) >> 5);
+                            // if bg is disabled inside the window then do not draw the pixel
+                            if (!(scanline.winMask[xpos] & 1 << bgnum))
+                                continue;
+                        }
 
-                    if (windowsEnabled) {
-                        winEffectEnable = ((scanline.winMask[xpos] & WINMASK_CLR) >> 5);
-                        // if bg is disabled inside the window then do not draw the pixel
-                        if (!(scanline.winMask[xpos] & 1 << bgnum))
-                            continue;
-                    }
+                        // blending code
+                        if (blendMode != 0 && REG_BLDCNT & (1 << bgnum) && winEffectEnable) {
+                            uint16_t targetA = color;
+                            uint16_t targetB = 0;
 
-                    // blending code
-                    if (blendMode != 0 && REG_BLDCNT & (1 << bgnum) && winEffectEnable) {
-                        uint16_t targetA = color;
-                        uint16_t targetB = 0;
-
-                        switch (blendMode) {
-                            case 1: {
-                                char isSpriteBlendingEnabled = REG_BLDCNT & BLDCNT_TGT2_OBJ ? 1 : 0;
-                                // find targetB and blend it
-                                if (alphaBlendSelectTargetB(&scanline, &targetB, prnum, prsub + 1, xpos, isSpriteBlendingEnabled)) {
-                                    color = alphaBlendColor(targetA, targetB);
-                                }
-                            } break;
-                            case 2:
-                                color = alphaBrightnessIncrease(targetA);
-                                break;
-                            case 3:
-                                color = alphaBrightnessDecrease(targetA);
-                                break;
+                            switch (blendMode) {
+                                case 1: {
+                                    char isSpriteBlendingEnabled = REG_BLDCNT & BLDCNT_TGT2_OBJ ? 1 : 0;
+                                    // find targetB and blend it
+                                    if (alphaBlendSelectTargetB(&scanline, &targetB, prnum, prsub + 1, xpos, isSpriteBlendingEnabled)) {
+                                        color = alphaBlendColor(targetA, targetB, REG_BLDALPHA & 0x1F, (REG_BLDALPHA >> 8) & 0x1F);
+                                    }
+                                } break;
+                                case 2:
+                                    color = alphaBrightnessIncrease(targetA, REG_BLDY & 0x1F);
+                                    break;
+                                case 3:
+                                    color = alphaBrightnessDecrease(targetA, REG_BLDY & 0x1F);
+                                    break;
+                            }
                         }
+                        // write the pixel to scanline buffer output
+                        pixels[xpos] = color;
                     }
-                    // write the pixel to scanline buffer output
-                    pixels[xpos] = color;
                 }
             }
-        }
-        // draw sprites on current priority
-        uint16_t *src = scanline.spriteLayers[prnum];
-        for (xpos = 0; xpos < DISPLAY_WIDTH; xpos++) {
-            if (getAlphaBit(src[xpos])) {
-                // check if sprite pixel draws inside window
-                if (windowsEnabled && !(scanline.winMask[xpos] & WINMASK_OBJ))
-                    continue;
-                // draw the pixel
-                pixels[xpos] = src[xpos];
+            // draw sprites on current priority
+            uint16_t *src = scanline.spriteLayers[prnum];
+            for (xpos = 0; xpos < DISPLAY_WIDTH; xpos++) {
+                if (getAlphaBit(src[xpos])) {
+                    // check if sprite pixel draws inside window
+                    if (windowsEnabled && !(scanline.winMask[xpos] & WINMASK_OBJ))
+                        continue;
+                    // draw the pixel
+                    pixels[xpos] = src[xpos];
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -1760,21 +1880,25 @@ static void DrawScanline(uint16_t *pixels, uint16_t vcount)
 
 uint16_t *memsetu16(uint16_t *dst, uint16_t fill, size_t count)
 {
-    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-        *dst++ = fill;
+    uint32_t fill32 = ((uint32_t)fill << 16) | fill;
+    uint32_t *dst32 = (uint32_t *)dst;
+    size_t pairs = count >> 1;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < pairs; i++) {
+        dst32[i] = fill32;
     }
-
-    return 0;
+    if (count & 1) {
+        dst[count - 1] = fill;
+    }
+    return dst;
 }
 
 static void DrawFrame(uint16_t *pixels)
 {
     int i;
-    int j;
-    static uint16_t scanlines[DISPLAY_HEIGHT][DISPLAY_WIDTH];
-    unsigned int blendMode = (REG_BLDCNT >> 6) & 3;
 
     for (i = 0; i < DISPLAY_HEIGHT; i++) {
+        uint16_t *scanline = &pixels[i * DISPLAY_WIDTH];
+
         REG_VCOUNT = i;
         if (((REG_DISPSTAT >> 8) & 0xFF) == REG_VCOUNT) {
             REG_DISPSTAT |= INTR_FLAG_VCOUNT;
@@ -1782,10 +1906,10 @@ static void DrawFrame(uint16_t *pixels)
                 gIntrTable[INTR_INDEX_VCOUNT]();
         }
 
-        // Render the backdrop color before the each individual scanline.
-        // HBlank interrupt code could have changed it inbetween lines.
-        memsetu16(scanlines[i], *(uint16_t *)PLTT, DISPLAY_WIDTH);
-        DrawScanline(scanlines[i], i);
+        // Render the backdrop color before each individual scanline.
+        // HBlank interrupt code could have changed it in between lines.
+        memsetu16(scanline, *(uint16_t *)PLTT, DISPLAY_WIDTH);
+        DrawScanline(scanline, i);
 
         REG_DISPSTAT |= INTR_FLAG_HBLANK;
 
@@ -1797,14 +1921,6 @@ static void DrawFrame(uint16_t *pixels)
         REG_DISPSTAT &= ~INTR_FLAG_HBLANK;
         REG_DISPSTAT &= ~INTR_FLAG_VCOUNT;
     }
-
-    // Copy to screen
-    for (i = 0; i < DISPLAY_HEIGHT; i++) {
-        uint16_t *src = scanlines[i];
-        for (j = 0; j < DISPLAY_WIDTH; j++) {
-            pixels[i * DISPLAY_WIDTH + j] = src[j];
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 #if ENABLE_VRAM_VIEW
@@ -1845,8 +1961,14 @@ void VramDraw(SDL_Texture *texture)
 
 void VDraw(SDL_Texture *texture)
 {
-    memset(gameImage, 0, sizeof(gameImage));
+// TODO: always use this renderer
+#if TRUE
+    {
+        gpsp_draw_frame(gameImage);
+    }
+#else
     DrawFrame(gameImage);
+#endif
     SDL_UpdateTexture(texture, NULL, gameImage, DISPLAY_WIDTH * sizeof(Uint16));
     REG_VCOUNT = DISPLAY_HEIGHT + 1; // prep for being in VBlank period
 }
diff --git a/src/platform/ps2/ps2.c b/src/platform/ps2/ps2.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a42ebdecc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/platform/ps2/ps2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,916 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+// PS2 libs
+#include <kernel.h>
+#include <sifrpc.h>
+#include <iopcontrol.h>
+#include <sbv_patches.h>
+
+#include <ps2_filesystem_driver.h>
+#include <ps2_audio_driver.h>
+#include <ps2_joystick_driver.h>
+#include <libpad.h>
+#include <libmtap.h>
+#include <gsKit.h>
+#include <audsrv.h>
+
+// Game
+#include "global.h"
+#include "core.h"
+#include "multi_sio.h"
+#include "gba/defines.h"
+#include "gba/io_reg.h"
+#include "gba/types.h"
+#include "lib/agb_flash/flash_internal.h"
+
+// Emulation
+#include "platform/shared/dma.h"
+#include "platform/shared/audio/cgb_audio.h"
+#include "platform/shared/video/gpsp_renderer.h"
+
+static GSGLOBAL *gsGlobal;
+static GSTEXTURE screen;
+
+#ifndef TILE_WIDTH
+#define TILE_WIDTH 8
+#endif
+
+extern IntrFunc gIntrTable[16];
+
+ALIGNED(256) uint16_t gameImage[DISPLAY_WIDTH * (DISPLAY_HEIGHT + 1)];
+
+struct VidMode {
+    const char *name;
+    s16 mode;
+    s16 interlace;
+    s16 field;
+    int max_width;
+    int max_height;
+    int width;
+    int height;
+    int vck;
+    int iPassCount;
+    int x_off;
+    int y_off;
+};
+
+static const struct VidMode vid_modes[] = {
+    { "240p", GS_MODE_NTSC, GS_NONINTERLACED, GS_FRAME, 652, 224, 320, 224, 2, 1, 0, 0 },
+#if !defined(VERSION_EU)
+    // NTSC
+    { "480i", GS_MODE_NTSC, GS_INTERLACED, GS_FIELD, 704, 480, 704, 452, 4, 1, 0, 0 },
+    { "480p", GS_MODE_DTV_480P, GS_NONINTERLACED, GS_FRAME, 704, 480, 704, 452, 2, 1, 0, 0 },
+#else
+    // PAL
+    { "576i", GS_MODE_PAL, GS_INTERLACED, GS_FIELD, 704, 576, 704, 536, 4, 1, 0, 0 },
+    { "576p", GS_MODE_DTV_576P, GS_NONINTERLACED, GS_FRAME, 704, 576, 704, 536, 2, 1, 0, 0 },
+#endif
+    // HDTV
+    { "720p", GS_MODE_DTV_720P, GS_NONINTERLACED, GS_FRAME, 1280, 720, 1280, 720, 1, 2, 0, 0 },
+    { "1080i", GS_MODE_DTV_1080I, GS_INTERLACED, GS_FRAME, 1920, 1080, 1920, 1080, 1, 2, 0, 0 },
+};
+
+static const struct VidMode *vid_mode;
+static bool use_hires = false;
+
+static u8 padbuf[256] __attribute__((aligned(64)));
+static int init_done = 0;
+
+static int joy_port = -1;
+static int joy_slot = -1;
+static int joy_id = -1;
+static struct padButtonStatus joy_buttons __attribute__((aligned(64)));
+
+bool speedUp = false;
+bool isRunning = true;
+bool paused = false;
+bool stepOneFrame = false;
+bool headless = false;
+
+double lastGameTime = 0;
+double curGameTime = 0;
+double fixedTimestep = 1.0 / 60.0; // 16.666667ms
+double timeScale = 1.0;
+double accumulator = 0.0;
+
+static FILE *sSaveFile = NULL;
+
+extern void AgbMain(void);
+
+void VideoUpdateTexture(void);
+
+static void ReadSaveFile(char *path);
+static void StoreSaveFile(void);
+static void CloseSaveFile(void);
+
+u16 Platform_GetKeyInput(void);
+
+// Audio
+
+static bool AudioInit(void)
+{
+    if (init_audio_driver() != 0)
+        return false;
+    audsrv_set_volume(MAX_VOLUME);
+
+    audsrv_fmt_t fmt;
+
+    fmt.freq = 48000;
+    fmt.bits = 16;
+    fmt.channels = 2;
+
+    if (audsrv_set_format(&fmt)) {
+        printf("audio_ps2: unsupported sound format\n");
+        audsrv_quit();
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static void AudioPlay(const uint8_t *buf, size_t len)
+{
+    if ((audsrv_queued() / 4) < 6000) {
+        audsrv_play_audio(buf, len);
+    }
+}
+
+// Video
+
+void VideoInit(void)
+{
+    if (vid_mode == NULL) {
+        vid_mode = &vid_modes[3]; // Standard def 480p
+    } else {
+        if (use_hires) {
+            gsKit_hires_deinit_global(gsGlobal);
+        } else {
+            gsKit_deinit_global(gsGlobal);
+        }
+    }
+    use_hires = (vid_mode->mode == GS_MODE_DTV_720P || vid_mode->mode == GS_MODE_DTV_1080I);
+
+    if (use_hires) {
+        gsGlobal = gsKit_hires_init_global();
+    } else {
+        gsGlobal = gsKit_init_global();
+    }
+
+    dmaKit_init(D_CTRL_RELE_OFF, D_CTRL_MFD_OFF, D_CTRL_STS_UNSPEC, D_CTRL_STD_OFF, D_CTRL_RCYC_8, 1 << DMA_CHANNEL_GIF);
+
+    dmaKit_chan_init(DMA_CHANNEL_GIF);
+
+    gsGlobal->Mode = vid_mode->mode;
+    gsGlobal->Width = vid_mode->width;
+    gsGlobal->Height = vid_mode->height;
+    if (gsGlobal->Mode == GS_MODE_DTV_1080I) {
+        gsGlobal->Height /= 2;
+    }
+
+    gsGlobal->Interlace = vid_mode->interlace;
+    gsGlobal->Field = vid_mode->field;
+    gsGlobal->ZBuffering = GS_SETTING_ON;
+    gsGlobal->DoubleBuffering = GS_SETTING_ON;
+    gsGlobal->PrimAAEnable = GS_SETTING_OFF;
+    gsGlobal->Dithering = GS_SETTING_OFF;
+    gsGlobal->PSM = GS_PSM_CT16;
+    gsGlobal->PSMZ = GS_PSMZ_16;
+
+    if (use_hires) {
+        gsKit_hires_init_screen(gsGlobal, vid_mode->iPassCount);
+    } else {
+        gsKit_init_screen(gsGlobal);
+    }
+    // hires sets the texture pointer to the wrong location. Ensure it's correct.
+    gsGlobal->TexturePointer = gsGlobal->CurrentPointer;
+    gsKit_TexManager_init(gsGlobal);
+
+    screen.Width = DISPLAY_WIDTH;
+    screen.Height = DISPLAY_HEIGHT;
+    screen.PSM = GS_PSM_CT16;
+    screen.Mem = (void *)gameImage;
+}
+
+void VideoUpdateTexture(void)
+{
+    gsKit_TexManager_invalidate(gsGlobal, &screen);
+    gsKit_TexManager_bind(gsGlobal, &screen);
+
+    int startX = (gsGlobal->Width);
+    int startY = (gsGlobal->Height);
+
+    gsKit_clear(gsGlobal, GS_SETREG_RGBAQ(0, 0, 0, 0, 0));
+
+    gsKit_prim_sprite_texture(gsGlobal, &screen,
+                              0.0f, // X1
+                              0.0f, // Y2
+                              0.0f, // U1
+                              0.0f, // V1
+                              startX, // X2
+                              startY, // Y2
+                              gsGlobal->Width, // U2
+                              gsGlobal->Height, // V2
+                              0, GS_SETREG_RGBAQ(128, 128, 128, 0, 0));
+}
+
+// Controller
+
+static inline int WaitPad(int tries)
+{
+    int state = padGetState(joy_port, joy_slot);
+    if (state == PAD_STATE_DISCONN) {
+        joy_id = -1;
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    while ((state != PAD_STATE_STABLE) && (state != PAD_STATE_FINDCTP1)) {
+        state = padGetState(joy_port, joy_slot);
+        if (--tries == 0)
+            break;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int DetectPad(void)
+{
+    int id = padInfoMode(joy_port, joy_slot, PAD_MODECURID, 0);
+    if (id <= 0)
+        return -1;
+
+    const int ext = padInfoMode(joy_port, joy_slot, PAD_MODECUREXID, 0);
+    if (ext)
+        id = ext;
+
+    printf("ControllerInit: detected pad type %d\n", id);
+
+    if (id == PAD_TYPE_DIGITAL || id == PAD_TYPE_DUALSHOCK)
+        padSetMainMode(joy_port, joy_slot, PAD_MMODE_DUALSHOCK, PAD_MMODE_LOCK);
+
+    return id;
+}
+
+static void ControllerInit(void)
+{
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    // MEMORY CARD already initied SIO2MAN
+    ret = init_joystick_driver(false);
+
+    if (ret != 0) {
+        printf("ControllerInit: failed to init joystick driver: %d\n", ret);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const int numports = padGetPortMax();
+    // Find the first device connected
+    for (int port = 0; port < numports && joy_port < 0; ++port) {
+        if (joy_port == -1 && joy_slot == -1 && mtapPortOpen(port)) {
+            const int maxslots = padGetSlotMax(port);
+            for (int slot = 0; slot < maxslots; ++slot) {
+                if (joy_port == -1 && joy_slot == -1 && padPortOpen(port, slot, padbuf) >= 0) {
+                    joy_port = port;
+                    joy_slot = slot;
+                    printf("ControllerInit: using pad (%d, %d)\n", port, slot);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (joy_slot < 0 || joy_port < 0) {
+        printf("ControllerInit: could not open a single port\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    init_done = 1;
+}
+
+static u16 ControllerRead(void)
+{
+    if (!init_done)
+        return 0;
+
+    if (WaitPad(10) < 0)
+        return 0; // nothing received
+
+    if (joy_id < 0) {
+        // pad not detected yet, do it
+        joy_id = DetectPad();
+        if (joy_id < 0)
+            return 0; // still nothing
+        if (WaitPad(10) < 0)
+            return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (padRead(joy_port, joy_slot, &joy_buttons)) {
+        return 0xffff ^ joy_buttons.btns;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+// PS2 Drivers
+void ResetIOP()
+{
+    SifInitRpc(0);
+    while (!SifIopReset(NULL, 0)) { } // Comment this line if you want to "debug" through ps2link
+    while (!SifIopSync()) { }
+}
+
+static void PrepareIOP()
+{
+    ResetIOP();
+    SifInitRpc(0);
+    sbv_patch_enable_lmb();
+    sbv_patch_disable_prefix_check();
+}
+
+static void InitPS2Drivers()
+{
+    init_only_boot_ps2_filesystem_driver();
+    init_memcard_driver(true);
+}
+
+static void deInitPS2Drivers()
+{
+    deinit_memcard_driver(true);
+    deinit_only_boot_ps2_filesystem_driver();
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    PrepareIOP();
+    InitPS2Drivers();
+
+    // ReadSaveFile("sa2.sav");
+
+    // Prevent the multiplayer screen from being drawn ( see core.c:EngineInit() )
+    REG_RCNT = 0x8000;
+    REG_KEYINPUT = 0x3FF;
+
+    AudioInit();
+    VideoInit();
+    ControllerInit();
+
+    cgb_audio_init(48000);
+
+    VideoUpdateTexture();
+
+    // Allow the game loop to take control
+    AgbMain();
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+// GBA callbacks
+void VBlankIntrWait(void)
+{
+#define HANDLE_VBLANK_INTRS()                                                                                                              \
+    ({                                                                                                                                     \
+        REG_VCOUNT = DISPLAY_HEIGHT + 1;                                                                                                   \
+        REG_DISPSTAT |= INTR_FLAG_VBLANK;                                                                                                  \
+        RunDMAs(DMA_VBLANK);                                                                                                               \
+        if (REG_DISPSTAT & DISPSTAT_VBLANK_INTR)                                                                                           \
+            gIntrTable[INTR_INDEX_VBLANK]();                                                                                               \
+        REG_DISPSTAT &= ~INTR_FLAG_VBLANK;                                                                                                 \
+    })
+
+    if (headless) {
+        REG_VCOUNT = DISPLAY_HEIGHT + 1;
+        HANDLE_VBLANK_INTRS();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (isRunning) {
+        REG_KEYINPUT = KEYS_MASK ^ Platform_GetKeyInput();
+
+        gpsp_draw_frame(gameImage);
+
+        VideoUpdateTexture();
+        HANDLE_VBLANK_INTRS();
+
+        if (use_hires) {
+            gsKit_hires_sync(gsGlobal);
+            gsKit_hires_flip(gsGlobal);
+            // TODO: use once released on the SDK
+            // gsKit_hires_flip_ext(gsGlobal, GSFLIP_RATE_LIMIT_1);
+        } else {
+            gsKit_sync_flip(gsGlobal);
+            gsKit_queue_exec(gsGlobal);
+        }
+        gsKit_TexManager_nextFrame(gsGlobal);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    CloseSaveFile();
+
+    deInitPS2Drivers();
+    exit(0);
+#undef HANDLE_VBLANK_INTRS
+}
+
+void Platform_StoreSaveFile(void) { StoreSaveFile(); }
+
+s16 convertedAudio[4096];
+
+void Platform_QueueAudio(const s16 *data, uint32_t bytesCount)
+{
+    if (headless) {
+        return;
+    }
+    AudioPlay((uint8_t *)data, bytesCount);
+}
+
+u16 Platform_GetKeyInput(void)
+{
+    static struct {
+        u16 gbaBtn;
+        u16 sceBtn;
+    } binds[] = {
+        { A_BUTTON, PAD_CROSS },   { B_BUTTON, PAD_SQUARE }, { L_BUTTON, PAD_L2 },        { R_BUTTON, PAD_R2 },
+        { L_BUTTON, PAD_L1 },      { R_BUTTON, PAD_R1 },     { START_BUTTON, PAD_START }, { DPAD_LEFT, PAD_LEFT },
+        { DPAD_RIGHT, PAD_RIGHT }, { DPAD_UP, PAD_UP },      { DPAD_DOWN, PAD_DOWN },
+    };
+
+    u16 keys = 0;
+    u16 btns = ControllerRead();
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_COUNT(binds); ++i)
+        if (btns & binds[i].sceBtn)
+            keys |= binds[i].gbaBtn;
+
+    return keys;
+}
+
+static void ReadSaveFile(char *path)
+{
+    // Check whether the saveFile exists, and create it if not
+    sSaveFile = fopen(path, "r+b");
+    if (sSaveFile == NULL) {
+        sSaveFile = fopen(path, "w+b");
+    }
+
+    fseek(sSaveFile, 0, SEEK_END);
+    int fileSize = ftell(sSaveFile);
+    fseek(sSaveFile, 0, SEEK_SET);
+
+    // Only read as many bytes as fit inside the buffer
+    // or as many bytes as are in the file
+    int bytesToRead = (fileSize < sizeof(FLASH_BASE)) ? fileSize : sizeof(FLASH_BASE);
+
+    int bytesRead = fread(FLASH_BASE, 1, bytesToRead, sSaveFile);
+
+    // Fill the buffer if the savefile was just created or smaller than the buffer itself
+    for (int i = bytesRead; i < sizeof(FLASH_BASE); i++) {
+        FLASH_BASE[i] = 0xFF;
+    }
+}
+
+static void StoreSaveFile()
+{
+    if (sSaveFile != NULL) {
+        fseek(sSaveFile, 0, SEEK_SET);
+        fwrite(FLASH_BASE, 1, sizeof(FLASH_BASE), sSaveFile);
+    }
+}
+
+static void CloseSaveFile()
+{
+    if (sSaveFile != NULL) {
+        fclose(sSaveFile);
+    }
+}
+
+// BIOS function implementations are based on the VBA-M source code.
+// TODO: Link these functions from Libagbsyscall
+
+// safe unaligned access for MIPS
+static uint32_t CPUReadMemory(const void *src)
+{
+    uint32_t val;
+    memcpy(&val, src, sizeof(val));
+    return val;
+}
+
+static void CPUWriteMemory(void *dest, uint32_t val) { memcpy(dest, &val, sizeof(val)); }
+
+static uint16_t CPUReadHalfWord(const void *src)
+{
+    uint16_t val;
+    memcpy(&val, src, sizeof(val));
+    return val;
+}
+
+static void CPUWriteHalfWord(void *dest, uint16_t val) { memcpy(dest, &val, sizeof(val)); }
+
+static uint8_t CPUReadByte(const void *src) { return *(uint8_t *)src; }
+
+static void CPUWriteByte(void *dest, uint8_t val) { *(uint8_t *)dest = val; }
+
+void CpuSet(const void *src, void *dst, u32 cnt)
+{
+    if (dst == NULL) {
+        puts("Attempted to CpuSet to NULL\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    int count = cnt & 0x1FFFFF;
+
+    const u8 *source = src;
+    u8 *dest = dst;
+
+    // 32-bit ?
+    if ((cnt >> 26) & 1) {
+        // assert(((uintptr_t)src & ~3) == (uintptr_t)src);
+        // assert(((uintptr_t)dst & ~3) == (uintptr_t)dst);
+
+        // needed for 32-bit mode!
+        // source = (u8 *)((uint32_t )source & ~3);
+        // dest = (u8 *)((uint32_t )dest & ~3);
+
+        // fill ?
+        if ((cnt >> 24) & 1) {
+            uint32_t value = CPUReadMemory(source);
+            while (count) {
+                CPUWriteMemory(dest, value);
+                dest += 4;
+                count--;
+            }
+        } else {
+            // copy
+            while (count) {
+                CPUWriteMemory(dest, CPUReadMemory(source));
+                source += 4;
+                dest += 4;
+                count--;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        // No align on 16-bit fill?
+        // assert(((uintptr_t)src & ~1) == (uintptr_t)src);
+        // assert(((uintptr_t)dst & ~1) == (uintptr_t)dst);
+
+        // 16-bit fill?
+        if ((cnt >> 24) & 1) {
+            uint16_t value = CPUReadHalfWord(source);
+            while (count) {
+                CPUWriteHalfWord(dest, value);
+                dest += 2;
+                count--;
+            }
+        } else {
+            // copy
+            while (count) {
+                CPUWriteHalfWord(dest, CPUReadHalfWord(source));
+                source += 2;
+                dest += 2;
+                count--;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void CpuFastSet(const void *src, void *dst, u32 cnt)
+{
+    if (dst == NULL) {
+        puts("Attempted to CpuFastSet to NULL\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    int count = cnt & 0x1FFFFF;
+
+    const u8 *source = src;
+    u8 *dest = dst;
+
+    // source = (u8 *)((uint32_t )source & ~3);
+    // dest = (u8 *)((uint32_t )dest & ~3);
+
+    // fill?
+    if ((cnt >> 24) & 1) {
+        uint32_t value = CPUReadMemory(source);
+        while (count > 0) {
+            // BIOS always transfers 32 bytes at a time
+            for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+                CPUWriteMemory(dest, value);
+                dest += 4;
+            }
+            count -= 8;
+        }
+    } else {
+        // copy
+        while (count > 0) {
+            // BIOS always transfers 32 bytes at a time
+            for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+                uint32_t value = CPUReadMemory(source);
+                CPUWriteMemory(dest, value);
+                source += 4;
+                dest += 4;
+            }
+            count -= 8;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void LZ77UnCompVram(const void *src_, void *dest_)
+{
+    const u8 *src = (const u8 *)src_;
+    u8 *dest = dest_;
+    int destSize = (src[3] << 16) | (src[2] << 8) | src[1];
+    int srcPos = 4;
+    int destPos = 0;
+
+    for (;;) {
+        unsigned char flags = src[srcPos++];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+            if (flags & 0x80) {
+                int blockSize = (src[srcPos] >> 4) + 3;
+                int blockDistance = (((src[srcPos] & 0xF) << 8) | src[srcPos + 1]) + 1;
+
+                srcPos += 2;
+
+                int blockPos = destPos - blockDistance;
+
+                // Some Ruby/Sapphire tilesets overflow.
+                if (destPos + blockSize > destSize) {
+                    blockSize = destSize - destPos;
+                    // fprintf(stderr, "Destination buffer overflow.\n");
+                    puts("Destination buffer overflow.\n");
+                }
+
+                if (blockPos < 0)
+                    goto fail;
+
+                for (int j = 0; j < blockSize; j++)
+                    dest[destPos++] = dest[blockPos + j];
+            } else {
+                if (destPos >= destSize)
+                    goto fail;
+
+                dest[destPos++] = src[srcPos++];
+            }
+
+            if (destPos == destSize) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            flags <<= 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+fail:
+    puts("Fatal error while decompressing LZ file.\n");
+}
+
+void LZ77UnCompWram(const void *src, void *dst)
+{
+    const uint8_t *source = src;
+    uint8_t *dest = dst;
+
+    uint32_t header = CPUReadMemory(source);
+    source += 4;
+
+    int len = header >> 8;
+
+    while (len > 0) {
+        uint8_t d = CPUReadByte(source++);
+
+        if (d) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+                if (d & 0x80) {
+                    uint16_t data = CPUReadByte(source++) << 8;
+                    data |= CPUReadByte(source++);
+                    int length = (data >> 12) + 3;
+                    int offset = (data & 0x0FFF);
+                    uint8_t *windowOffset = dest - offset - 1;
+                    for (int i2 = 0; i2 < length; i2++) {
+                        CPUWriteByte(dest++, CPUReadByte(windowOffset++));
+                        len--;
+                        if (len == 0)
+                            return;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    CPUWriteByte(dest++, CPUReadByte(source++));
+                    len--;
+                    if (len == 0)
+                        return;
+                }
+                d <<= 1;
+            }
+        } else {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+                CPUWriteByte(dest++, CPUReadByte(source++));
+                len--;
+                if (len == 0)
+                    return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void RLUnCompWram(const void *src, void *dest)
+{
+    int remaining = CPUReadMemory(src) >> 8;
+    int blockHeader;
+    int block;
+    src += 4;
+    while (remaining > 0) {
+        blockHeader = CPUReadByte(src);
+        src++;
+        if (blockHeader & 0x80) // Compressed?
+        {
+            blockHeader &= 0x7F;
+            blockHeader += 3;
+            block = CPUReadByte(src);
+            src++;
+            while (blockHeader-- && remaining) {
+                remaining--;
+                CPUWriteByte(dest, block);
+                dest++;
+            }
+        } else // Uncompressed
+        {
+            blockHeader++;
+            while (blockHeader-- && remaining) {
+                remaining--;
+                u8 byte = CPUReadByte(src);
+                src++;
+                CPUWriteByte(dest, byte);
+                dest++;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void RLUnCompVram(const void *src, void *dest)
+{
+    int remaining = CPUReadMemory(src) >> 8;
+    int padding = (4 - remaining) & 0x3;
+    int blockHeader;
+    int block;
+    int halfWord = 0;
+    src += 4;
+    while (remaining > 0) {
+        blockHeader = CPUReadByte(src);
+        src++;
+        if (blockHeader & 0x80) // Compressed?
+        {
+            blockHeader &= 0x7F;
+            blockHeader += 3;
+            block = CPUReadByte(src);
+            src++;
+            while (blockHeader-- && remaining) {
+                remaining--;
+                if ((uintptr_t)dest & 1) {
+                    halfWord |= block << 8;
+                    CPUWriteHalfWord((void *)((uintptr_t)dest ^ 1), halfWord);
+                } else
+                    halfWord = block;
+                dest++;
+            }
+        } else // Uncompressed
+        {
+            blockHeader++;
+            while (blockHeader-- && remaining) {
+                remaining--;
+                u8 byte = CPUReadByte(src);
+                src++;
+                if ((uintptr_t)dest & 1) {
+                    halfWord |= byte << 8;
+                    CPUWriteHalfWord((void *)((uintptr_t)dest ^ 1), halfWord);
+                } else
+                    halfWord = byte;
+                dest++;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ((uintptr_t)dest & 1) {
+        padding--;
+        dest++;
+    }
+    for (; padding > 0; padding -= 2, dest += 2)
+        CPUWriteHalfWord(dest, 0);
+}
+
+const s16 sineTable[256]
+    = { (s16)0x0000, (s16)0x0192, (s16)0x0323, (s16)0x04B5, (s16)0x0645, (s16)0x07D5, (s16)0x0964, (s16)0x0AF1, (s16)0x0C7C, (s16)0x0E05,
+        (s16)0x0F8C, (s16)0x1111, (s16)0x1294, (s16)0x1413, (s16)0x158F, (s16)0x1708, (s16)0x187D, (s16)0x19EF, (s16)0x1B5D, (s16)0x1CC6,
+        (s16)0x1E2B, (s16)0x1F8B, (s16)0x20E7, (s16)0x223D, (s16)0x238E, (s16)0x24DA, (s16)0x261F, (s16)0x275F, (s16)0x2899, (s16)0x29CD,
+        (s16)0x2AFA, (s16)0x2C21, (s16)0x2D41, (s16)0x2E5A, (s16)0x2F6B, (s16)0x3076, (s16)0x3179, (s16)0x3274, (s16)0x3367, (s16)0x3453,
+        (s16)0x3536, (s16)0x3612, (s16)0x36E5, (s16)0x37AF, (s16)0x3871, (s16)0x392A, (s16)0x39DA, (s16)0x3A82, (s16)0x3B20, (s16)0x3BB6,
+        (s16)0x3C42, (s16)0x3CC5, (s16)0x3D3E, (s16)0x3DAE, (s16)0x3E14, (s16)0x3E71, (s16)0x3EC5, (s16)0x3F0E, (s16)0x3F4E, (s16)0x3F84,
+        (s16)0x3FB1, (s16)0x3FD3, (s16)0x3FEC, (s16)0x3FFB, (s16)0x4000, (s16)0x3FFB, (s16)0x3FEC, (s16)0x3FD3, (s16)0x3FB1, (s16)0x3F84,
+        (s16)0x3F4E, (s16)0x3F0E, (s16)0x3EC5, (s16)0x3E71, (s16)0x3E14, (s16)0x3DAE, (s16)0x3D3E, (s16)0x3CC5, (s16)0x3C42, (s16)0x3BB6,
+        (s16)0x3B20, (s16)0x3A82, (s16)0x39DA, (s16)0x392A, (s16)0x3871, (s16)0x37AF, (s16)0x36E5, (s16)0x3612, (s16)0x3536, (s16)0x3453,
+        (s16)0x3367, (s16)0x3274, (s16)0x3179, (s16)0x3076, (s16)0x2F6B, (s16)0x2E5A, (s16)0x2D41, (s16)0x2C21, (s16)0x2AFA, (s16)0x29CD,
+        (s16)0x2899, (s16)0x275F, (s16)0x261F, (s16)0x24DA, (s16)0x238E, (s16)0x223D, (s16)0x20E7, (s16)0x1F8B, (s16)0x1E2B, (s16)0x1CC6,
+        (s16)0x1B5D, (s16)0x19EF, (s16)0x187D, (s16)0x1708, (s16)0x158F, (s16)0x1413, (s16)0x1294, (s16)0x1111, (s16)0x0F8C, (s16)0x0E05,
+        (s16)0x0C7C, (s16)0x0AF1, (s16)0x0964, (s16)0x07D5, (s16)0x0645, (s16)0x04B5, (s16)0x0323, (s16)0x0192, (s16)0x0000, (s16)0xFE6E,
+        (s16)0xFCDD, (s16)0xFB4B, (s16)0xF9BB, (s16)0xF82B, (s16)0xF69C, (s16)0xF50F, (s16)0xF384, (s16)0xF1FB, (s16)0xF074, (s16)0xEEEF,
+        (s16)0xED6C, (s16)0xEBED, (s16)0xEA71, (s16)0xE8F8, (s16)0xE783, (s16)0xE611, (s16)0xE4A3, (s16)0xE33A, (s16)0xE1D5, (s16)0xE075,
+        (s16)0xDF19, (s16)0xDDC3, (s16)0xDC72, (s16)0xDB26, (s16)0xD9E1, (s16)0xD8A1, (s16)0xD767, (s16)0xD633, (s16)0xD506, (s16)0xD3DF,
+        (s16)0xD2BF, (s16)0xD1A6, (s16)0xD095, (s16)0xCF8A, (s16)0xCE87, (s16)0xCD8C, (s16)0xCC99, (s16)0xCBAD, (s16)0xCACA, (s16)0xC9EE,
+        (s16)0xC91B, (s16)0xC851, (s16)0xC78F, (s16)0xC6D6, (s16)0xC626, (s16)0xC57E, (s16)0xC4E0, (s16)0xC44A, (s16)0xC3BE, (s16)0xC33B,
+        (s16)0xC2C2, (s16)0xC252, (s16)0xC1EC, (s16)0xC18F, (s16)0xC13B, (s16)0xC0F2, (s16)0xC0B2, (s16)0xC07C, (s16)0xC04F, (s16)0xC02D,
+        (s16)0xC014, (s16)0xC005, (s16)0xC000, (s16)0xC005, (s16)0xC014, (s16)0xC02D, (s16)0xC04F, (s16)0xC07C, (s16)0xC0B2, (s16)0xC0F2,
+        (s16)0xC13B, (s16)0xC18F, (s16)0xC1EC, (s16)0xC252, (s16)0xC2C2, (s16)0xC33B, (s16)0xC3BE, (s16)0xC44A, (s16)0xC4E0, (s16)0xC57E,
+        (s16)0xC626, (s16)0xC6D6, (s16)0xC78F, (s16)0xC851, (s16)0xC91B, (s16)0xC9EE, (s16)0xCACA, (s16)0xCBAD, (s16)0xCC99, (s16)0xCD8C,
+        (s16)0xCE87, (s16)0xCF8A, (s16)0xD095, (s16)0xD1A6, (s16)0xD2BF, (s16)0xD3DF, (s16)0xD506, (s16)0xD633, (s16)0xD767, (s16)0xD8A1,
+        (s16)0xD9E1, (s16)0xDB26, (s16)0xDC72, (s16)0xDDC3, (s16)0xDF19, (s16)0xE075, (s16)0xE1D5, (s16)0xE33A, (s16)0xE4A3, (s16)0xE611,
+        (s16)0xE783, (s16)0xE8F8, (s16)0xEA71, (s16)0xEBED, (s16)0xED6C, (s16)0xEEEF, (s16)0xF074, (s16)0xF1FB, (s16)0xF384, (s16)0xF50F,
+        (s16)0xF69C, (s16)0xF82B, (s16)0xF9BB, (s16)0xFB4B, (s16)0xFCDD, (s16)0xFE6E };
+
+void SoftReset(u32 resetFlags) { }
+
+void SoftResetExram(u32 resetFlags) { }
+
+// Following functions taken from mGBA's source
+u16 ArcTan(s16 i)
+{
+    s32 a = -((i * i) >> 14);
+    s32 b = ((0xA9 * a) >> 14) + 0x390;
+    b = ((b * a) >> 14) + 0x91C;
+    b = ((b * a) >> 14) + 0xFB6;
+    b = ((b * a) >> 14) + 0x16AA;
+    b = ((b * a) >> 14) + 0x2081;
+    b = ((b * a) >> 14) + 0x3651;
+    b = ((b * a) >> 14) + 0xA2F9;
+
+    return (i * b) >> 16;
+}
+
+u16 ArcTan2(s16 x, s16 y)
+{
+    if (!y) {
+        if (x >= 0)
+            return 0;
+        return 0x8000;
+    }
+    if (!x) {
+        if (y >= 0)
+            return 0x4000;
+        return 0xC000;
+    }
+    if (y >= 0) {
+        if (x >= 0) {
+            if (x >= y)
+                return ArcTan((y << 14) / x);
+        } else if (-x >= y)
+            return ArcTan((y << 14) / x) + 0x8000;
+        return 0x4000 - ArcTan((x << 14) / y);
+    } else {
+        if (x <= 0) {
+            if (-x > -y)
+                return ArcTan((y << 14) / x) + 0x8000;
+        } else if (x >= -y)
+            return ArcTan((y << 14) / x) + 0x10000;
+        return 0xC000 - ArcTan((x << 14) / y);
+    }
+}
+
+u16 Sqrt(u32 num)
+{
+    if (!num)
+        return 0;
+    u32 lower;
+    u32 upper = num;
+    u32 bound = 1;
+    while (bound < upper) {
+        upper >>= 1;
+        bound <<= 1;
+    }
+    while (1) {
+        upper = num;
+        u32 accum = 0;
+        lower = bound;
+        while (1) {
+            u32 oldLower = lower;
+            if (lower <= upper >> 1)
+                lower <<= 1;
+            if (oldLower >= upper >> 1)
+                break;
+        }
+        while (1) {
+            accum <<= 1;
+            if (upper >= lower) {
+                ++accum;
+                upper -= lower;
+            }
+            if (lower == bound)
+                break;
+            lower >>= 1;
+        }
+        u32 oldBound = bound;
+        bound += accum;
+        bound >>= 1;
+        if (bound >= oldBound) {
+            bound = oldBound;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    return bound;
+}
+
+int MultiBoot(struct MultiBootParam *mp) { return 0; }
diff --git a/src/platform/shared/audio/cgb_audio.c b/src/platform/shared/audio/cgb_audio.c
index 787a65f43..035d18f17 100644
--- a/src/platform/shared/audio/cgb_audio.c
+++ b/src/platform/shared/audio/cgb_audio.c
@@ -3,14 +3,15 @@
 #include "platform/shared/audio/cgb_tables.h"
 
 static struct AudioCGB gb;
-static float soundChannelPos[4];
-static const s16 *PU1Table;
-static const s16 *PU2Table;
+static fixed8_24 soundChannelPos[4];
+static const fixed8_24 *PU1Table;
+static const fixed8_24 *PU2Table;
 static u32 apuFrame;
 static u8 apuCycle;
 static u32 sampleRate;
 static u16 lfsrMax[2];
-float ch4Samples;
+fixed8_24 ch4Samples;
+fixed8_24 volScale[16];
 
 void cgb_audio_init(u32 rate)
 {
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ void cgb_audio_init(u32 rate)
         gb.DAC[ch] = 0;
         soundChannelPos[ch] = 0;
     }
-    soundChannelPos[1] = 1;
+    soundChannelPos[1] = u32_to_fp8_24(1);
     PU1Table = PU0;
     PU2Table = PU0;
     sampleRate = rate;
@@ -39,7 +40,9 @@ void cgb_audio_init(u32 rate)
     gb.ch4LFSR[1] = 0x80;
     lfsrMax[0] = 0x8000;
     lfsrMax[1] = 0x80;
-    ch4Samples = 0.0f;
+    ch4Samples = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+        volScale[i] = u32_to_fp8_24(i) / 15;
 }
 
 void cgb_set_sweep(u8 sweep)
@@ -52,8 +55,8 @@ void cgb_set_sweep(u8 sweep)
 void cgb_set_wavram()
 {
     for (u8 wavi = 0; wavi < 0x10; wavi++) {
-        gb.WAVRAM[(wavi << 1)] = (((*(REG_ADDR_WAVE_RAM0 + wavi)) & 0xF0) >> 4) / 7.5f - 1.0f;
-        gb.WAVRAM[(wavi << 1) + 1] = (((*(REG_ADDR_WAVE_RAM0 + wavi)) & 0x0F)) / 7.5f - 1.0f;
+        gb.WAVRAM[(wavi << 1)] = (u32_to_fp8_24(((*(REG_ADDR_WAVE_RAM0 + wavi)) & 0xF0) >> 4) * 2) / 15 - u32_to_fp8_24(1);
+        gb.WAVRAM[(wavi << 1) + 1] = (u32_to_fp8_24(((*(REG_ADDR_WAVE_RAM0 + wavi)) & 0x0F)) * 2) / 15 - u32_to_fp8_24(1);
     }
 }
 
@@ -103,7 +106,7 @@ void cgb_trigger_note(u8 channel)
 
 void cgb_audio_generate(u16 samplesPerFrame)
 {
-    float *outBuffer = gb.outBuffer;
+    fixed8_24 *outBuffer = gb.outBuffer;
     switch (REG_NR11 & 0xC0) {
         case 0x00:
             PU1Table = PU0;
@@ -193,75 +196,80 @@ void cgb_audio_generate(u16 samplesPerFrame)
             }
         }
         // Sound generation loop
-        soundChannelPos[0] += freqTable[REG_SOUND1CNT_X & 0x7FF] / (sampleRate / 32);
-        soundChannelPos[1] += freqTable[REG_SOUND2CNT_H & 0x7FF] / (sampleRate / 32);
-        soundChannelPos[2] += freqTable[REG_SOUND3CNT_X & 0x7FF] / (sampleRate / 32);
-        while (soundChannelPos[0] >= 32)
-            soundChannelPos[0] -= 32;
-        while (soundChannelPos[1] >= 32)
-            soundChannelPos[1] -= 32;
-        while (soundChannelPos[2] >= 32)
-            soundChannelPos[2] -= 32;
-        float outputL = 0;
-        float outputR = 0;
+        soundChannelPos[0] += freqTable[REG_SOUND1CNT_X & (ARRAY_COUNT(freqTable) - 1)];
+        soundChannelPos[1] += freqTable[REG_SOUND2CNT_H & (ARRAY_COUNT(freqTable) - 1)];
+        soundChannelPos[2] += freqTable[REG_SOUND3CNT_X & (ARRAY_COUNT(freqTable) - 1)];
+
+        soundChannelPos[0] &= (u32_to_fp8_24(32)) - 1;
+        soundChannelPos[1] &= (u32_to_fp8_24(32)) - 1;
+        soundChannelPos[2] &= (u32_to_fp8_24(32)) - 1;
+
+        fixed8_24 outputL = 0;
+        fixed8_24 outputR = 0;
         if (REG_NR52 & 0x80) {
             if ((gb.DAC[0]) && (REG_NR52 & 0x01)) {
                 if (REG_NR51 & 0x10)
-                    outputL += gb.Vol[0] * PU1Table[(int)(soundChannelPos[0])] / 15.0f;
+                    outputL += (gb.Vol[0] * PU1Table[fp8_24_to_u32(soundChannelPos[0])]);
                 if (REG_NR51 & 0x01)
-                    outputR += gb.Vol[0] * PU1Table[(int)(soundChannelPos[0])] / 15.0f;
+                    outputR += (gb.Vol[0] * PU1Table[fp8_24_to_u32(soundChannelPos[0])]);
             }
             if ((gb.DAC[1]) && (REG_NR52 & 0x02)) {
                 if (REG_NR51 & 0x20)
-                    outputL += gb.Vol[1] * PU2Table[(int)(soundChannelPos[1])] / 15.0f;
+                    outputL += (gb.Vol[1] * PU2Table[fp8_24_to_u32(soundChannelPos[1])]);
                 if (REG_NR51 & 0x02)
-                    outputR += gb.Vol[1] * PU2Table[(int)(soundChannelPos[1])] / 15.0f;
+                    outputR += (gb.Vol[1] * PU2Table[fp8_24_to_u32(soundChannelPos[1])]);
             }
             if ((REG_NR30 & 0x80) && (REG_NR52 & 0x04)) {
                 if (REG_NR51 & 0x40)
-                    outputL += gb.Vol[2] * gb.WAVRAM[(int)(soundChannelPos[2])] / 4.0f;
+                    outputL += (gb.Vol[2] * gb.WAVRAM[fp8_24_to_u32(soundChannelPos[2])] >> 2);
                 if (REG_NR51 & 0x04)
-                    outputR += gb.Vol[2] * gb.WAVRAM[(int)(soundChannelPos[2])] / 4.0f;
+                    outputR += (gb.Vol[2] * gb.WAVRAM[fp8_24_to_u32(soundChannelPos[2])] >> 2);
             }
             if ((gb.DAC[3]) && (REG_NR52 & 0x08)) {
                 bool32 lfsrMode = ((REG_NR43 & 0x08) == 8);
-                ch4Samples += freqTableNSE[REG_SOUND4CNT_H & 0xFF] / sampleRate;
+                ch4Samples += freqTableNSE[REG_SOUND4CNT_H & (ARRAY_COUNT(freqTableNSE) - 1)];
                 int ch4Out = 0;
                 if (gb.ch4LFSR[lfsrMode] & 1) {
                     ch4Out++;
                 } else {
                     ch4Out--;
                 }
-                int avgDiv = 1;
-                while (ch4Samples >= 1) {
-                    avgDiv++;
-                    bool8 lfsrCarry = 0;
-                    if (gb.ch4LFSR[lfsrMode] & 2)
-                        lfsrCarry ^= 1;
-                    gb.ch4LFSR[lfsrMode] >>= 1;
-                    if (gb.ch4LFSR[lfsrMode] & 2)
-                        lfsrCarry ^= 1;
-                    if (lfsrCarry)
-                        gb.ch4LFSR[lfsrMode] |= lfsrMax[lfsrMode];
-                    if (gb.ch4LFSR[lfsrMode] & 1) {
-                        ch4Out++;
-                    } else {
-                        ch4Out--;
-                    }
-                    ch4Samples--;
+                int steps = fp8_24_to_u32(ch4Samples);
+                ch4Samples = fp8_24_fractional_part(ch4Samples);
+
+                u16 lfsr = gb.ch4LFSR[lfsrMode];
+                u16 lfsrMask = lfsrMax[lfsrMode];
+
+                for (int i = 0; i < steps; i++) {
+                    // Comments to show what the bit
+                    // manipulation here is representing
+
+                    // if (gb.ch4LFSR[lfsrMode] & 2)
+                    u16 lfsrCarry = (lfsr >> 1) & 1;
+                    lfsr >>= 1;
+                    // if (gb.ch4LFSR[lfsrMode] & 2)
+                    lfsrCarry ^= (lfsr >> 1) & 1;
+                    // if (lfsrCarry) gb.ch4LFSR[lfsrMode] |= lfsrMax[lfsrMode];
+                    lfsr |= -lfsrCarry & lfsrMask;
+                    // if (gb.ch4LFSR[lfsrMode] & 1)
+                    ch4Out += (lfsr & 1) ? 1 : -1;
                 }
-                float sample = ch4Out;
-                if (avgDiv > 1)
-                    sample /= avgDiv;
+                gb.ch4LFSR[lfsrMode] = lfsr;
+
+                fixed8_24 sample = u32_to_fp8_24(ch4Out);
+                if (steps > 0)
+                    sample /= (steps + 1);
+
+                // Muliply by the sample and then shift to make 8.24 again
                 if (REG_NR51 & 0x80)
-                    outputL += gb.Vol[3] * sample / 15.0f;
+                    outputL += ((s64)sample * volScale[gb.Vol[3]]) >> 24;
                 if (REG_NR51 & 0x08)
-                    outputR += gb.Vol[3] * sample / 15.0f;
+                    outputR += ((s64)sample * volScale[gb.Vol[3]]) >> 24;
             }
         }
-        outBuffer[0] = outputL * 0.25f;
-        outBuffer[1] = outputR * 0.25f;
+        outBuffer[0] = (outputL >> 2);
+        outBuffer[1] = (outputR >> 2);
     }
 }
 
-float *cgb_get_buffer() { return gb.outBuffer; }
+fixed8_24 *cgb_get_buffer() { return gb.outBuffer; }
diff --git a/src/platform/shared/audio/m4a_sound_mixer.c b/src/platform/shared/audio/m4a_sound_mixer.c
index 49b0d65bc..d0bf1ba8b 100644
--- a/src/platform/shared/audio/m4a_sound_mixer.c
+++ b/src/platform/shared/audio/m4a_sound_mixer.c
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 #include "platform/platform.h"
 #include "platform/shared/audio/cgb_audio.h"
 
-static inline void GenerateAudio(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, struct MixerSource *chan, struct WaveData *wav, float *pcmBuffer,
+static inline void GenerateAudio(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, struct MixerSource *chan, struct WaveData *wav, fixed8_24 *pcmBuffer,
                                  u16 samplesPerFrame, float sampleRateReciprocal);
-static void SampleMixer(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, u32 scanlineLimit, u16 samplesPerFrame, float *pcmBuffer, u8 dmaCounter,
+static void SampleMixer(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, u32 scanlineLimit, u16 samplesPerFrame, fixed8_24 *pcmBuffer, u8 dmaCounter,
                         u16 maxBufSize);
 static inline bool32 TickEnvelope(struct MixerSource *chan, struct WaveData *wav);
 static void ChnVolSetAsm(struct MixerSource *chan, struct MP2KTrack *track);
@@ -25,12 +25,15 @@ static void ChnVolSetAsm(struct MixerSource *chan, struct MP2KTrack *track);
 #define FLOOR_DIV_POW2(a, b) ((a) > 0 ? (a) / (b) : (((a) + 1 - (b)) / (b)))
 #endif
 
-static float audioBuffer[PCM_DMA_BUF_SIZE];
+static s16 audioBuffer[PCM_DMA_BUF_SIZE];
 static struct SoundMixerState sSoundInfo = { 0 };
 struct SoundMixerState *SOUND_INFO_PTR = &sSoundInfo;
 
 void SoundMain(void)
 {
+#if !ENABLE_AUDIO
+    return;
+#endif
     struct SoundMixerState *mixer = SOUND_INFO_PTR;
 
     if (mixer->lockStatus != ID_NUMBER) {
@@ -54,7 +57,7 @@ void SoundMain(void)
     mixer->CgbSound();
 
     s32 samplesPerFrame = mixer->samplesPerFrame;
-    float *pcmBuffer = mixer->pcmBuffer;
+    fixed8_24 *pcmBuffer = mixer->pcmBuffer;
     s32 dmaCounter = mixer->dmaCounter;
 
     if (dmaCounter > 1) {
@@ -65,7 +68,7 @@ void SoundMain(void)
     cgb_audio_generate(samplesPerFrame);
 }
 
-static void SampleMixer(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, u32 scanlineLimit, u16 samplesPerFrame, float *pcmBuffer, u8 dmaCounter,
+static void SampleMixer(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, u32 scanlineLimit, u16 samplesPerFrame, fixed8_24 *pcmBuffer, u8 dmaCounter,
                         u16 maxBufSize)
 {
     u32 reverb = mixer->reverb;
@@ -73,8 +76,8 @@ static void SampleMixer(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, u32 scanlineLimit, u16 sa
         // The vanilla reverb effect outputs a mono sound from four sources:
         //  - L/R channels as they were mixer->framesPerDmaCycle frames ago
         //  - L/R channels as they were (mixer->framesPerDmaCycle - 1) frames ago
-        float *tmp1 = pcmBuffer;
-        float *tmp2;
+        fixed8_24 *tmp1 = pcmBuffer;
+        fixed8_24 *tmp2;
         if (dmaCounter == 2) {
             tmp2 = mixer->pcmBuffer;
         } else {
@@ -82,8 +85,8 @@ static void SampleMixer(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, u32 scanlineLimit, u16 sa
         }
         u16 i = 0;
         do {
-            float s = tmp1[0] + tmp1[1] + tmp2[0] + tmp2[1];
-            s *= ((float)reverb / 512.0f);
+            fixed8_24 s = tmp1[0] + tmp1[1] + tmp2[0] + tmp2[1];
+            s = (s * reverb) >> 9;
             tmp1[0] = tmp1[1] = s;
             tmp1 += 2;
             tmp2 += 2;
@@ -92,7 +95,7 @@ static void SampleMixer(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, u32 scanlineLimit, u16 sa
         // memset(pcmBuffer, 0, samplesPerFrame);
         // memset(pcmBuffer + maxBufSize, 0, samplesPerFrame);
         for (int i = 0; i < samplesPerFrame; i++) {
-            float *dst = &pcmBuffer[i * 2];
+            fixed8_24 *dst = &pcmBuffer[i * 2];
             dst[1] = dst[0] = 0.0f;
         }
     }
@@ -225,7 +228,7 @@ static inline bool32 TickEnvelope(struct MixerSource *chan, struct WaveData *wav
     }
 }
 
-static inline void GenerateAudio(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, struct MixerSource *chan, struct WaveData *wav, float *pcmBuffer,
+static inline void GenerateAudio(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, struct MixerSource *chan, struct WaveData *wav, fixed8_24 *pcmBuffer,
                                  u16 samplesPerFrame, float sampleRateReciprocal)
 { /*, [[[]]]) {*/
     u8 v = chan->data.sound.envelopeVol * (mixer->masterVol + 1) / 16U;
@@ -240,15 +243,19 @@ static inline void GenerateAudio(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, struct MixerSour
     }
     s32 samplesLeftInWav = chan->data.sound.ct;
     s8 *current = chan->current;
-    signed envR = chan->data.sound.envelopeVolR;
-    signed envL = chan->data.sound.envelopeVolL;
+
+    fixed8_24 envR = chan->data.sound.envelopeVolR << 9; // (* 32768)
+    fixed8_24 envL = chan->data.sound.envelopeVolL << 9;
 
     if (chan->type & TONEDATA_TYPE_CGB) {
         for (u16 i = 0; i < samplesPerFrame; i++, pcmBuffer += 2) {
             s8 c = *(current++);
 
-            pcmBuffer[1] += (c * envR) / 32768.0f;
-            pcmBuffer[0] += (c * envL) / 32768.0f;
+            // Creates a value between -32768 and 32768
+            // So shift by 9 to make this between -1 and 1
+            // in 8.24
+            pcmBuffer[1] += (c * envR);
+            pcmBuffer[0] += (c * envL);
             if (--samplesLeftInWav == 0) {
                 samplesLeftInWav = loopLen;
                 if (loopLen != 0) {
@@ -263,8 +270,8 @@ static inline void GenerateAudio(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, struct MixerSour
         chan->data.sound.ct = samplesLeftInWav;
         chan->current = current;
     } else {
-        float finePos = chan->data.sound.fw;
-        float romSamplesPerOutputSample = chan->data.sound.freq * sampleRateReciprocal;
+        fixed8_24 finePos = chan->data.sound.fw;
+        fixed8_24 romSamplesPerOutputSample = float_to_fp8_24(chan->data.sound.freq * sampleRateReciprocal);
 
         s16 b = current[0];
         s16 m = current[1] - b;
@@ -273,15 +280,15 @@ static inline void GenerateAudio(struct SoundMixerState *mixer, struct MixerSour
         for (u16 i = 0; i < samplesPerFrame; i++, pcmBuffer += 2) {
             // Use linear interpolation to calculate a value between the current sample in the wav
             // and the next sample. Also cancel out the 9.23 stuff
-            float sample = (finePos * m) + b;
+            fixed8_24 sample = ((finePos * m) + u32_to_fp8_24(b));
 
-            pcmBuffer[1] += (sample * envR) / 32768.0f;
-            pcmBuffer[0] += (sample * envL) / 32768.0f;
+            pcmBuffer[1] += ((s64)sample * envR) >> 24;
+            pcmBuffer[0] += ((s64)sample * envL) >> 24;
 
             finePos += romSamplesPerOutputSample;
-            u32 newCoarsePos = finePos;
+            u32 newCoarsePos = fp8_24_to_u32(finePos);
             if (newCoarsePos != 0) {
-                finePos -= (int)finePos;
+                finePos = fp8_24_fractional_part(finePos);
                 samplesLeftInWav -= newCoarsePos;
                 if (samplesLeftInWav <= 0) {
                     if (loopLen != 0) {
@@ -905,25 +912,32 @@ void m4aSoundVSync(void)
     struct SoundMixerState *mixer = SOUND_INFO_PTR;
     if (mixer->lockStatus - ID_NUMBER <= 1) {
         s32 samplesPerFrame = mixer->samplesPerFrame * 2;
-        float *m4aBuffer = mixer->pcmBuffer;
-        float *cgbBuffer = cgb_get_buffer();
+        fixed8_24 *m4aBuffer = mixer->pcmBuffer;
+        fixed8_24 *cgbBuffer = cgb_get_buffer();
         s32 dmaCounter = mixer->dmaCounter;
-        bool8 shouldQueue = FALSE;
 
         if (dmaCounter > 1) {
             m4aBuffer += samplesPerFrame * (mixer->framesPerDmaCycle - (dmaCounter - 1));
         }
 
         for (u32 i = 0; i < samplesPerFrame; i++) {
-            audioBuffer[i] = m4aBuffer[i] + cgbBuffer[i];
-            if (audioBuffer[i] != 0) {
-                shouldQueue = TRUE;
+            // Sample is fixed 8.24 with a value of -1 to 1
+            fixed8_24 sample = (m4aBuffer[i] + cgbBuffer[i]);
+            // Clamp
+            if (sample > u32_to_fp8_24(1)) {
+                sample = u32_to_fp8_24(1);
             }
+            if (sample < -u32_to_fp8_24(1)) {
+                sample = -u32_to_fp8_24(1);
+            }
+            // 1 in 8.24 format is 1 << 24
+            // 32768 is size expected for s16 audio
+            // 32768 = 1 << 15
+            // 24 - 15 = 9
+            audioBuffer[i] = sample >> 9;
         }
 
-        if (shouldQueue) {
-            Platform_QueueAudio(audioBuffer, samplesPerFrame * 4);
-        }
+        Platform_QueueAudio(audioBuffer, samplesPerFrame * sizeof(s16));
         if ((s8)(--mixer->dmaCounter) <= 0)
             mixer->dmaCounter = mixer->framesPerDmaCycle;
     }
diff --git a/src/platform/shared/dma.c b/src/platform/shared/dma.c
index 60ad6144f..343a27cac 100644
--- a/src/platform/shared/dma.c
+++ b/src/platform/shared/dma.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 struct DMATransfer DMAList[DMA_COUNT] = { 0 };
 
-void RunDMAs(u32 type)
+void RunDMAs(DmaStartTypes type)
 {
     for (int dmaNum = 0; dmaNum < DMA_COUNT; dmaNum++) {
         struct DMATransfer *dma = &DMAList[dmaNum];
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ void DmaStop(int dmaNum)
 
 void DmaWait(int dmaNum)
 {
-    vu32 *ctrlRegs = &REG_DMA0CNT;
+    vu32 *ctrlRegs = (vu32 *)&REG_DMA0CNT;
 #if !USE_NEW_DMA
     while (ctrlRegs[dmaNum * 3] & (DMA_ENABLE << 16))
         ;
diff --git a/src/platform/shared/input.c b/src/platform/shared/input.c
index e8250ed04..c3f801c8b 100644
--- a/src/platform/shared/input.c
+++ b/src/platform/shared/input.c
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <windows.h>
 #include <xinput.h>
-#include "gba/io_reg.h"
 #include "gba/types.h"
+#include "gba/io_reg.h"
 #include "platform/shared/input.h"
 
 #define STICK_THRESHOLD 0.5f
diff --git a/src/platform/shared/video/gpsp_renderer.cc b/src/platform/shared/video/gpsp_renderer.cc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..255e8d18b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/platform/shared/video/gpsp_renderer.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,2299 @@
+/* gameplaySP - Modified to fit the SA2 codebase (FreshOllie - 2026)
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2006 Exophase <exophase@gmail.com>
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 David Guillen Fandos <david@davidgf.net>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
+ * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ */
+
+extern "C" {
+#include "config.h"
+}
+
+#if RENDERER == RENDERER_SOFTWARE
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+extern "C" {
+#include "global.h"
+#include "core.h"
+#include "gba/defines.h"
+#include "gba/io_reg.h"
+#include "gba/types.h"
+
+#include "platform/shared/dma.h"
+#include "platform/shared/video/gpsp_renderer.h"
+}
+
+#define eswap16(value) (value)
+#define eswap32(value) (value)
+
+#define GBA_SCREEN_PITCH DISPLAY_WIDTH
+
+#define read_ioreg(regaddr)   (eswap16(*(u16 *)(regaddr)))
+#define read_ioreg32(regaddr) (read_ioreg(regaddr) | (read_ioreg((regaddr) + sizeof(u16)) << 16))
+
+#define convert_palette(value) (value & 0x7FFF)
+
+u16 *gba_screen_pixels = NULL;
+
+#define get_screen_pixels() gba_screen_pixels
+#define get_screen_pitch()  GBA_SCREEN_PITCH
+
+#define REG_ADDR_BGxCNT(n)  (REG_ADDR_BG0CNT + (n) * sizeof(u16))
+#define REG_ADDR_WINxH(n)   (REG_ADDR_WIN0H + (n) * sizeof(winreg_t))
+#define REG_ADDR_WINxV(n)   (REG_ADDR_WIN0V + (n) * sizeof(winreg_t))
+#define REG_ADDR_BGxHOFS(n) (REG_ADDR_BG0HOFS + ((n)*2) * sizeof(u16))
+#define REG_ADDR_BGxVOFS(n) (REG_ADDR_BG0VOFS + ((n)*2) * sizeof(u16))
+#define REG_ADDR_BGxPA(n)   (REG_ADDR_BG2PA + ((n)-2) * 8 * sizeof(u16))
+#define REG_ADDR_BGxPB(n)   (REG_ADDR_BG2PB + ((n)-2) * 8 * sizeof(u16))
+#define REG_ADDR_BGxPC(n)   (REG_ADDR_BG2PC + ((n)-2) * 8 * sizeof(u16))
+#define REG_ADDR_BGxPD(n)   (REG_ADDR_BG2PD + ((n)-2) * 8 * sizeof(u16))
+
+typedef struct {
+    u16 pad0[OAM_DATA_COUNT_AFFINE - 1];
+    u16 dx;
+    u16 pad1[OAM_DATA_COUNT_AFFINE - 1];
+    u16 dmx;
+    u16 pad2[OAM_DATA_COUNT_AFFINE - 1];
+    u16 dy;
+    u16 pad3[OAM_DATA_COUNT_AFFINE - 1];
+    u16 dmy;
+} t_affp;
+
+typedef void (*bitmap_render_function)(u32 start, u32 end, void *dest_ptr, const u16 *pal);
+typedef void (*tile_render_function)(u32 layer, u32 start, u32 end, void *dest_ptr, const u16 *pal);
+
+typedef void (*render_function_u16)(u32 start, u32 end, u16 *scanline, u32 enable_flags);
+typedef void (*render_function_u32)(u32 start, u32 end, u32 *scanline, u32 enable_flags);
+
+typedef void (*window_render_function)(u16 *scanline, u32 start, u32 end);
+
+static void render_scanline_conditional(u32 start, u32 end, u16 *scanline, u32 enable_flags = 0x3F);
+
+typedef struct {
+    bitmap_render_function blit_render;
+    bitmap_render_function scale_render;
+    bitmap_render_function affine_render;
+} bitmap_layer_render_struct;
+
+typedef struct {
+    render_function_u16 fullcolor;
+    render_function_u16 indexed_u16;
+    render_function_u32 indexed_u32;
+    render_function_u32 stacked;
+} layer_render_struct;
+
+// Object blending modes
+#define OBJ_MOD_NORMAL   0
+#define OBJ_MOD_SEMITRAN 1
+#define OBJ_MOD_WINDOW   2
+#define OBJ_MOD_INVALID  3
+
+// BLDCNT color effect modes
+#define COL_EFFECT_NONE   0x0
+#define COL_EFFECT_BLEND  0x1
+#define COL_EFFECT_BRIGHT 0x2
+#define COL_EFFECT_DARK   0x3
+
+// Background render modes
+#define RENDER_NORMAL 0
+#define RENDER_COL16  1
+#define RENDER_COL32  2
+#define RENDER_ALPHA  3
+
+// Byte lengths of complete tiles and tile rows in 4bpp and 8bpp.
+
+#define tile_width_4bpp 4
+#define tile_size_4bpp  32
+#define tile_width_8bpp 8
+#define tile_size_8bpp  64
+
+// Sprite rendering cycles
+#define REND_CYC_MAX      32768 /* Theoretical max is 17920 */
+#define REND_CYC_SCANLINE 1210
+#define REND_CYC_REDUCED  954
+
+// Generate bit mask (bits 9th and 10th) with information about the pixel
+// status (1st and/or 2nd target) for later blending.
+static inline u16 color_flags(u32 layer)
+{
+    u32 bldcnt = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDCNT);
+    return (((bldcnt >> layer) & 0x01) | // 1st target
+            ((bldcnt >> (layer + 7)) & 0x02) // 2nd target
+            )
+        << 9;
+}
+
+static const u32 map_widths[] = { 256, 512, 256, 512 };
+
+typedef enum {
+    FULLCOLOR, // Regular rendering, output a 16 bit color
+    INDXCOLOR, // Rendering to indexed color, so we can later apply dark/bright
+    STCKCOLOR, // Stacks two indexed pixels (+flags) to apply blending
+    PIXCOPY // Special mode used for sprites, to allow for obj-window drawing
+} rendtype;
+
+s32 affine_reference_x[2];
+s32 affine_reference_y[2];
+
+static inline s32 signext28(u32 value)
+{
+    s32 ret = (s32)(value << 4);
+    return ret >> 4;
+}
+
+static u32 prev_affine[4] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+
+static void video_reload_counters(bool vblank)
+{
+    /* This happens every Vblank, and every scanline */
+    u32 value;
+
+    value = read_ioreg32(REG_ADDR_BG2X_L);
+    if (vblank || prev_affine[0] != value) {
+        affine_reference_x[0] = signext28(value);
+        prev_affine[0] = value;
+    }
+
+    value = read_ioreg32(REG_ADDR_BG2Y_L);
+    if (vblank || prev_affine[1] != value) {
+        affine_reference_y[0] = signext28(value);
+        prev_affine[1] = value;
+    }
+
+    value = read_ioreg32(REG_ADDR_BG3X_L);
+    if (vblank || prev_affine[2] != value) {
+        affine_reference_x[1] = signext28(value);
+        prev_affine[2] = value;
+    }
+
+    value = read_ioreg32(REG_ADDR_BG3Y_L);
+    if (vblank || prev_affine[3] != value) {
+        affine_reference_y[1] = signext28(value);
+        prev_affine[3] = value;
+    }
+}
+
+// Renders non-affine tiled background layer.
+// Will process a full or partial tile (start and end within 0..8) and draw
+// it in either 8 or 4 bpp mode. Honors vertical and horizontal flip.
+
+// tile contains the tile info (contains tile index, flip bits, pal info)
+// hflip causes the tile pixels lookup to be reversed (from MSB to LSB
+// If isbase is not set, color 0 is interpreted as transparent, otherwise
+// we are drawing the base layer, so palette[0] is used (backdrop).
+
+template <typename dtype, rendtype rdtype, bool is8bpp, bool isbase, bool hflip>
+static inline void rend_part_tile_Nbpp(u32 bg_comb, u32 px_comb, dtype *dest_ptr, u32 start, u32 end, u16 tile, const u8 *tile_base,
+                                       int vertical_pixel_flip, const u16 *paltbl)
+{
+    // Seek to the specified tile, using the tile number and size.
+    // tile_base already points to the right tile-line vertical offset
+    const u8 *tile_ptr = &tile_base[(tile & 0x3FF) * (is8bpp ? 64 : 32)];
+    u16 bgcolor = paltbl[0];
+
+    // On vertical flip, apply the mirror offset
+    if (tile & 0x800)
+        tile_ptr += vertical_pixel_flip;
+
+    if (is8bpp) {
+        // Each byte is a color, mapped to a palete. 8 bytes can be read as 64bit
+        for (u32 i = start; i < end; i++, dest_ptr++) {
+            // Honor hflip by selecting bytes in the correct order
+            u32 sel = hflip ? (7 - i) : i;
+            u8 pval = tile_ptr[sel];
+            // Alhpa mode stacks previous value (unless rendering the first layer)
+            if (pval) {
+                if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = paltbl[pval];
+                else if (rdtype == INDXCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = pval | px_comb; // Add combine flags
+                else if (rdtype == STCKCOLOR)
+                    // Stack pixels on top of the pixel value and combine flags
+                    *dest_ptr = pval | px_comb | ((isbase ? bg_comb : *dest_ptr) << 16);
+            } else if (isbase) {
+                if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = bgcolor;
+                else
+                    *dest_ptr = 0 | bg_comb; // Add combine flags
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        // In 4bpp mode, the tile[15..12] bits contain the sub-palette number.
+        u16 tilepal = (tile >> 12) << 4;
+        u16 pxflg = px_comb | tilepal;
+        const u16 *subpal = &paltbl[tilepal];
+        // Read packed pixel data, skip start pixels
+        u32 tilepix = eswap32(*(u32 *)tile_ptr);
+        if (hflip)
+            tilepix <<= (start * 4);
+        else
+            tilepix >>= (start * 4);
+        // Only 32 bits (8 pixels * 4 bits)
+        for (u32 i = start; i < end; i++, dest_ptr++) {
+            u8 pval = hflip ? tilepix >> 28 : tilepix & 0xF;
+            if (pval) {
+                if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = subpal[pval];
+                else if (rdtype == INDXCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = pxflg | pval;
+                else if (rdtype == STCKCOLOR) // Stack pixels
+                    *dest_ptr = pxflg | pval | ((isbase ? bg_comb : *dest_ptr) << 16);
+            } else if (isbase) {
+                if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = bgcolor;
+                else
+                    *dest_ptr = 0 | bg_comb;
+            }
+            // Advance to next packed data
+            if (hflip)
+                tilepix <<= 4;
+            else
+                tilepix >>= 4;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Same as above, but optimized for full tiles. Skip comments here.
+template <typename dtype, rendtype rdtype, bool is8bpp, bool isbase, bool hflip>
+static inline void render_tile_Nbpp(u32 bg_comb, u32 px_comb, dtype *dest_ptr, u16 tile, const u8 *tile_base, int vertical_pixel_flip,
+                                    const u16 *paltbl)
+{
+    const u8 *tile_ptr = &tile_base[(tile & 0x3FF) * (is8bpp ? 64 : 32)];
+    u16 bgcolor = paltbl[0];
+
+    if (tile & 0x800)
+        tile_ptr += vertical_pixel_flip;
+
+    if (is8bpp) {
+        for (u32 j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
+            u32 tilepix = eswap32(((u32 *)tile_ptr)[hflip ? 1 - j : j]);
+            if (tilepix) {
+                for (u32 i = 0; i < 4; i++, dest_ptr++) {
+                    u8 pval = hflip ? (tilepix >> (24 - i * 8)) : (tilepix >> (i * 8));
+                    if (pval) {
+                        if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                            *dest_ptr = paltbl[pval];
+                        else if (rdtype == INDXCOLOR)
+                            *dest_ptr = pval | px_comb; // Add combine flags
+                        else if (rdtype == STCKCOLOR)
+                            *dest_ptr = pval | px_comb | ((isbase ? bg_comb : *dest_ptr) << 16);
+                    } else if (isbase) {
+                        *dest_ptr = (rdtype == FULLCOLOR) ? bgcolor : 0 | bg_comb;
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                for (u32 i = 0; i < 4; i++, dest_ptr++)
+                    if (isbase)
+                        *dest_ptr = (rdtype == FULLCOLOR) ? bgcolor : 0 | bg_comb;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        u32 tilepix = eswap32(*(u32 *)tile_ptr);
+        if (tilepix) { // We can skip it all if the row is transparent
+            u16 tilepal = (tile >> 12) << 4;
+            u16 pxflg = px_comb | tilepal;
+            const u16 *subpal = &paltbl[tilepal];
+            for (u32 i = 0; i < 8; i++, dest_ptr++) {
+                u8 pval = (hflip ? (tilepix >> ((7 - i) * 4)) : (tilepix >> (i * 4))) & 0xF;
+                if (pval) {
+                    if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                        *dest_ptr = subpal[pval];
+                    else if (rdtype == INDXCOLOR)
+                        *dest_ptr = pxflg | pval;
+                    else if (rdtype == STCKCOLOR)
+                        *dest_ptr = pxflg | pval | ((isbase ? bg_comb : *dest_ptr) << 16);
+                } else if (isbase) {
+                    *dest_ptr = (rdtype == FULLCOLOR) ? bgcolor : 0 | bg_comb;
+                }
+            }
+        } else if (isbase) {
+            // In this case we simply fill the pixels with background pixels
+            for (u32 i = 0; i < 8; i++, dest_ptr++)
+                *dest_ptr = (rdtype == FULLCOLOR) ? bgcolor : 0 | bg_comb;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename stype, rendtype rdtype, bool isbase, bool is8bpp>
+static void render_scanline_text_fast(u32 layer, u32 start, u32 end, void *scanline, const u16 *paltbl)
+{
+    u32 bg_control = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BGxCNT(layer));
+    u16 vcount = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_VCOUNT);
+    u32 map_size = (bg_control >> 14) & 0x03;
+    u32 map_width = map_widths[map_size];
+    u32 hoffset = (start + read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BGxHOFS(layer))) % 512;
+    u32 voffset = (vcount + read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BGxVOFS(layer))) % 512;
+    stype *dest_ptr = ((stype *)scanline) + start;
+
+    // Calculate combine masks. These store 2 bits of info: 1st and 2nd target.
+    // If set, the current pixel belongs to a layer that is 1st or 2nd target.
+    u32 bg_comb = color_flags(5), px_comb = color_flags(layer);
+
+    // Background map data is in VRAM, at an offset specified in 2K blocks.
+    // (each map data block is 32x32 tiles, at 16bpp, so 2KB)
+    u32 base_block = (bg_control & BGCNT_SCREENBASE_MASK) >> 8;
+    u16 *map_base = (u16 *)BG_SCREEN_ADDR(base_block);
+    u16 *map_ptr, *second_ptr;
+
+    end -= start;
+
+    // Skip the top one/two block(s) if using the bottom half
+    if ((map_size & 0x02) && (voffset >= 256))
+        map_base += ((map_width / 8) * 32);
+
+    // Skip the top tiles within the block
+    map_base += (((voffset % 256) / 8) * (map_width / 8));
+
+    // we might need to render from two charblocks, store a second pointer.
+    second_ptr = map_ptr = map_base;
+
+    if (map_size & 0x01) { // If background is 512 pixels wide
+        if (hoffset >= 256) {
+            // If we are rendering the right block, skip a whole charblock
+            hoffset -= 256;
+            map_ptr += ((map_width / 8) * 32);
+        } else {
+            // If we are rendering the left block, we might overrun into the right
+            second_ptr += ((map_width / 8) * 32);
+        }
+    } else {
+        hoffset %= 256; // Background is 256 pixels wide
+    }
+
+    // Skip the left blocks within the block
+    map_ptr += hoffset / 8;
+
+    // Render a single scanline of text tiles
+    u32 tilewidth = is8bpp ? tile_width_8bpp : tile_width_4bpp;
+    u32 vert_pix_offset = (voffset % 8) * tilewidth;
+    // Calculate the pixel offset between a line and its "flipped" mirror.
+    // The values can be {56, 40, 24, 8, -8, -24, -40, -56}
+    s32 vflip_off
+        = is8bpp ? tile_size_8bpp - 2 * vert_pix_offset - tile_width_8bpp : tile_size_4bpp - 2 * vert_pix_offset - tile_width_4bpp;
+
+    // The tilemap base is selected via bgcnt (16KiB chunks)
+    u32 tilecntrl = (bg_control >> 2) & 0x03;
+    // Account for the base offset plus the tile vertical offset
+    u8 *tile_base = BG_CHAR_ADDR(tilecntrl) + vert_pix_offset;
+    // Number of pixels available until the end of the tile block
+    u32 pixel_run = map_width - hoffset;
+
+    u32 tile_hoff = hoffset % 8;
+    u32 partial_hcnt = 8 - tile_hoff;
+
+    if (tile_hoff) {
+        // First partial tile, only right side is visible.
+        u32 todraw = MIN(end, partial_hcnt); // [1..7]
+        u32 stop = tile_hoff + todraw; // Usually 8, unless short run.
+
+        u16 tile = eswap16(*map_ptr++);
+        if (tile & 0x400) // Tile horizontal flip
+            rend_part_tile_Nbpp<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, isbase, true>(bg_comb, px_comb, dest_ptr, tile_hoff, stop, tile, tile_base,
+                                                                     vflip_off, paltbl);
+        else
+            rend_part_tile_Nbpp<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, isbase, false>(bg_comb, px_comb, dest_ptr, tile_hoff, stop, tile, tile_base,
+                                                                      vflip_off, paltbl);
+
+        dest_ptr += todraw;
+        end -= todraw;
+        pixel_run -= todraw;
+    }
+
+    if (!end)
+        return;
+
+    // Now render full tiles
+    u32 todraw = MIN(end, pixel_run) / 8;
+
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < todraw; i++, dest_ptr += 8) {
+        u16 tile = eswap16(*map_ptr++);
+        if (tile & 0x400) // Tile horizontal flip
+            render_tile_Nbpp<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, isbase, true>(bg_comb, px_comb, dest_ptr, tile, tile_base, vflip_off, paltbl);
+        else
+            render_tile_Nbpp<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, isbase, false>(bg_comb, px_comb, dest_ptr, tile, tile_base, vflip_off, paltbl);
+    }
+
+    end -= todraw * 8;
+    pixel_run -= todraw * 8;
+
+    if (!end)
+        return;
+
+    // Switch to the next char block if we ran out of tiles
+    if (!pixel_run)
+        map_ptr = second_ptr;
+
+    todraw = end / 8;
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < todraw; i++, dest_ptr += 8) {
+        u16 tile = eswap16(*map_ptr++);
+        if (tile & 0x400) // Tile horizontal flip
+            render_tile_Nbpp<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, isbase, true>(bg_comb, px_comb, dest_ptr, tile, tile_base, vflip_off, paltbl);
+        else
+            render_tile_Nbpp<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, isbase, false>(bg_comb, px_comb, dest_ptr, tile, tile_base, vflip_off, paltbl);
+    }
+
+    end -= todraw * 8;
+
+    // Finalize the tile rendering the left side of it (from 0 up to "end").
+    if (end) {
+        u16 tile = eswap16(*map_ptr++);
+        if (tile & 0x400) // Tile horizontal flip
+            rend_part_tile_Nbpp<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, isbase, true>(bg_comb, px_comb, dest_ptr, 0, end, tile, tile_base, vflip_off,
+                                                                     paltbl);
+        else
+            rend_part_tile_Nbpp<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, isbase, false>(bg_comb, px_comb, dest_ptr, 0, end, tile, tile_base, vflip_off,
+                                                                      paltbl);
+    }
+}
+
+// A slow version of the above function that allows for mosaic effects
+template <typename stype, rendtype rdtype, bool isbase, bool is8bpp>
+static void render_scanline_text_mosaic(u32 layer, u32 start, u32 end, void *scanline, const u16 *paltbl)
+{
+    u32 bg_control = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BGxCNT(layer));
+    const u32 mosh = (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_MOSAIC) & 0xF) + 1;
+    const u32 mosv = ((read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_MOSAIC) >> 4) & 0xF) + 1;
+    u16 vcount = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_VCOUNT);
+    u32 map_size = (bg_control >> 14) & 0x03;
+    u32 map_width = map_widths[map_size];
+    u32 hoffset = (start + read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BGxHOFS(layer))) % 512;
+    u16 vmosoff = vcount - vcount % mosv;
+    u32 voffset = (vmosoff + read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BGxVOFS(layer))) % 512;
+    stype *dest_ptr = ((stype *)scanline) + start;
+
+    u32 bg_comb = color_flags(5), px_comb = color_flags(layer);
+
+    u32 base_block = (bg_control & BGCNT_SCREENBASE_MASK) >> 8;
+    u16 *map_base = (u16 *)BG_SCREEN_ADDR(base_block);
+    u16 *map_ptr, *second_ptr;
+
+    if ((map_size & 0x02) && (voffset >= 256))
+        map_base += ((map_width / 8) * 32);
+
+    map_base += (((voffset % 256) / 8) * (map_width / 8));
+
+    second_ptr = map_ptr = map_base;
+
+    if (map_size & 0x01) { // If background is 512 pixels wide
+        if (hoffset >= 256) {
+            // If we are rendering the right block, skip a whole charblock
+            hoffset -= 256;
+            map_ptr += ((map_width / 8) * 32);
+        } else {
+            // If we are rendering the left block, we might overrun into the right
+            second_ptr += ((map_width / 8) * 32);
+        }
+    } else {
+        hoffset %= 256; // Background is 256 pixels wide
+    }
+
+    // Skip the left blocks within the block
+    map_ptr += hoffset / 8;
+
+    // Render a single scanline of text tiles
+    u32 tilewidth = is8bpp ? tile_width_8bpp : tile_width_4bpp;
+    u32 vert_pix_offset = (voffset % 8) * tilewidth;
+    // Calculate the pixel offset between a line and its "flipped" mirror.
+    // The values can be {56, 40, 24, 8, -8, -24, -40, -56}
+    s32 vflip_off
+        = is8bpp ? tile_size_8bpp - 2 * vert_pix_offset - tile_width_8bpp : tile_size_4bpp - 2 * vert_pix_offset - tile_width_4bpp;
+
+    // The tilemap base is selected via bgcnt (16KiB chunks)
+    u32 tilecntrl = (bg_control >> 2) & 0x03;
+    // Account for the base offset plus the tile vertical offset
+    u8 *tile_base = BG_CHAR_ADDR(tilecntrl) + vert_pix_offset;
+
+    u16 bgcolor = paltbl[0];
+
+    // Iterate pixel by pixel, loading data every N pixels to honor mosaic effect
+    u8 pval = 0;
+    for (u32 i = 0; start < end; start++, i++, dest_ptr++) {
+        u16 tile = eswap16(*map_ptr);
+
+        if (!(i % mosh)) {
+            const u8 *tile_ptr = &tile_base[(tile & 0x3FF) * (is8bpp ? 64 : 32)];
+
+            bool hflip = (tile & 0x400);
+            if (tile & 0x800)
+                tile_ptr += vflip_off;
+
+            // Load byte or nibble with pixel data.
+            if (is8bpp) {
+                if (hflip)
+                    pval = tile_ptr[7 - hoffset % 8];
+                else
+                    pval = tile_ptr[hoffset % 8];
+            } else {
+                if (hflip)
+                    pval = (tile_ptr[(7 - hoffset % 8) >> 1] >> (((hoffset & 1) ^ 1) * 4)) & 0xF;
+                else
+                    pval = (tile_ptr[(hoffset % 8) >> 1] >> ((hoffset & 1) * 4)) & 0xF;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (is8bpp) {
+            if (pval) {
+                if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = paltbl[pval];
+                else if (rdtype == INDXCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = pval | px_comb; // Add combine flags
+                else if (rdtype == STCKCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = pval | px_comb | ((isbase ? bg_comb : *dest_ptr) << 16);
+            } else if (isbase) {
+                *dest_ptr = (rdtype == FULLCOLOR) ? bgcolor : 0 | bg_comb;
+            }
+        } else {
+            u16 tilepal = (tile >> 12) << 4;
+            u16 pxflg = px_comb | tilepal;
+            const u16 *subpal = &paltbl[tilepal];
+            if (pval) {
+                if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = subpal[pval];
+                else if (rdtype == INDXCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = pxflg | pval;
+                else if (rdtype == STCKCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = pxflg | pval | ((isbase ? bg_comb : *dest_ptr) << 16);
+            } else if (isbase) {
+                *dest_ptr = (rdtype == FULLCOLOR) ? bgcolor : 0 | bg_comb;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Need to continue from the next charblock
+        hoffset++;
+        if (hoffset % 8 == 0)
+            map_ptr++;
+        if (hoffset >= map_width) {
+            hoffset = 0;
+            map_ptr = second_ptr;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename stype, rendtype rdtype, bool isbase>
+static void render_scanline_text(u32 layer, u32 start, u32 end, void *scanline, const u16 *paltbl)
+{
+    // Tile mode has 4 and 8 bpp modes.
+    u32 bg_control = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BGxCNT(layer));
+    bool is8bpp = (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BGxCNT(layer)) & 0x80);
+    const u32 mosamount = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_MOSAIC) & 0xFF;
+    bool has_mosaic = (bg_control & 0x40) && (mosamount != 0);
+
+    if (has_mosaic) {
+        if (is8bpp)
+            render_scanline_text_mosaic<stype, rdtype, isbase, true>(layer, start, end, scanline, paltbl);
+        else
+            render_scanline_text_mosaic<stype, rdtype, isbase, false>(layer, start, end, scanline, paltbl);
+    } else {
+        if (is8bpp)
+            render_scanline_text_fast<stype, rdtype, isbase, true>(layer, start, end, scanline, paltbl);
+        else
+            render_scanline_text_fast<stype, rdtype, isbase, false>(layer, start, end, scanline, paltbl);
+    }
+}
+
+static inline u8 lookup_pix_8bpp(u32 px, u32 py, const u8 *tile_base, const u8 *map_base, u32 map_size)
+{
+    // Pitch represents the log2(number of tiles per row) (from 16 to 128)
+    u32 map_pitch = map_size + 4;
+    // Given coords (px,py) in the background space, find the tile.
+    u32 mapoff = (px / 8) + ((py / 8) << map_pitch);
+    // Each tile is 8x8, so 64 bytes each.
+    const u8 *tile_ptr = &tile_base[map_base[mapoff] * tile_size_8bpp];
+    // Read the 8bit color within the tile.
+    return tile_ptr[(px % 8) + ((py % 8) * 8)];
+}
+
+template <typename dsttype, rendtype rdtype, bool isbase>
+static inline void rend_pix_8bpp(dsttype *dest_ptr, u8 pval, u32 bg_comb, u32 px_comb, const u16 *pal)
+{
+    // Alhpa mode stacks previous value (unless rendering the first layer)
+    if (pval) {
+        if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+            *dest_ptr = pal[pval];
+        else if (rdtype == INDXCOLOR)
+            *dest_ptr = pval | px_comb; // Add combine flags
+        else if (rdtype == STCKCOLOR)
+            // Stack pixels. If base, stack the base pixel.
+            *dest_ptr = pval | px_comb | ((isbase ? bg_comb : *dest_ptr) << 16);
+    } else if (isbase) {
+        // Transparent pixel, but we are base layer, so render background.
+        if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+            *dest_ptr = pal[0];
+        else
+            *dest_ptr = 0 | bg_comb; // Just backdrop color and combine flags
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename dsttype, rendtype rdtype> static inline void render_bdrop_pixel_8bpp(dsttype *dest_ptr, u32 bg_comb, u16 bgcol)
+{
+    // Alhpa mode stacks previous value (unless rendering the first layer)
+    if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+        *dest_ptr = bgcol;
+    else
+        *dest_ptr = 0 | bg_comb;
+}
+
+typedef void (*affine_render_function)(u32 layer, u32 start, u32 cnt, const u8 *map_base, u32 map_size, const u8 *tile_base, void *dst_ptr,
+                                       const u16 *pal);
+
+// Affine background rendering logic.
+// wrap extends the background infinitely, otherwise transparent/backdrop fill
+// rotate indicates if there's any rotation (optimized version for no-rotation)
+// mosaic applies to horizontal mosaic (vertical is adjusted via affine ref)
+template <typename dtype, rendtype rdtype, bool isbase, bool wrap, bool rotate, bool mosaic>
+static inline void render_affine_background(u32 layer, u32 start, u32 cnt, const u8 *map_base, u32 map_size, const u8 *tile_base,
+                                            void *dst_ptr_raw, const u16 *pal)
+{
+
+    dtype *dst_ptr = (dtype *)dst_ptr_raw;
+    // Backdrop and current layer combine bits.
+    u32 bg_comb = color_flags(5);
+    u32 px_comb = color_flags(layer);
+
+    s32 dx = (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BGxPA(layer));
+    s32 dy = (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BGxPC(layer));
+
+    s32 source_x = affine_reference_x[layer - 2] + (start * dx);
+    s32 source_y = affine_reference_y[layer - 2] + (start * dy);
+
+    // Maps are squared, four sizes available (128x128 to 1024x1024)
+    u32 width_height = 128 << map_size;
+
+    // Horizontal mosaic effect.
+    const u32 mosh = (mosaic ? (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_MOSAIC)) & 0xF : 0) + 1;
+
+    if (wrap) {
+        // In wrap mode the entire space is covered, since it "wraps" at the edges
+        u8 pval = 0;
+        if (rotate) {
+            for (u32 i = 0; cnt; i++, cnt--) {
+                u32 pix_x = (u32)(source_x >> 8) & (width_height - 1);
+                u32 pix_y = (u32)(source_y >> 8) & (width_height - 1);
+
+                // Lookup pixel and draw it (only every Nth if mosaic is on)
+                if (!mosaic || !(i % mosh))
+                    pval = lookup_pix_8bpp(pix_x, pix_y, tile_base, map_base, map_size);
+                rend_pix_8bpp<dtype, rdtype, isbase>(dst_ptr++, pval, bg_comb, px_comb, pal);
+
+                source_x += dx;
+                source_y += dy; // Move to the next pixel
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Y coordinate stays contant across the walk.
+            const u32 pix_y = (u32)(source_y >> 8) & (width_height - 1);
+            for (u32 i = 0; cnt; i++, cnt--) {
+                u32 pix_x = (u32)(source_x >> 8) & (width_height - 1);
+                if (!mosaic || !(i % mosh))
+                    pval = lookup_pix_8bpp(pix_x, pix_y, tile_base, map_base, map_size);
+                rend_pix_8bpp<dtype, rdtype, isbase>(dst_ptr++, pval, bg_comb, px_comb, pal);
+                source_x += dx; // Only moving in the X direction.
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        u16 bgcol = pal[0];
+        if (rotate) {
+            // Draw backdrop pixels if necessary until we reach the background edge.
+            while (cnt) {
+                // Draw backdrop pixels if they lie outside of the background.
+                u32 pix_x = (u32)(source_x >> 8), pix_y = (u32)(source_y >> 8);
+
+                // Stop once we find a pixel that is actually *inside* the map.
+                if (pix_x < width_height && pix_y < width_height)
+                    break;
+
+                // Draw a backdrop pixel if we are the base layer.
+                if (isbase)
+                    render_bdrop_pixel_8bpp<dtype, rdtype>(dst_ptr, bg_comb, bgcol);
+
+                dst_ptr++;
+                source_x += dx;
+                source_y += dy;
+                cnt--;
+            }
+
+            // Draw background pixels by looking them up in the map
+            u8 pval = 0;
+            for (u32 i = 0; cnt; i++, cnt--) {
+                u32 pix_x = (u32)(source_x >> 8), pix_y = (u32)(source_y >> 8);
+
+                // Check if we run out of background pixels, stop drawing.
+                if (pix_x >= width_height || pix_y >= width_height)
+                    break;
+
+                // Lookup pixel and draw it.
+                if (!mosaic || !(i % mosh))
+                    pval = lookup_pix_8bpp(pix_x, pix_y, tile_base, map_base, map_size);
+                rend_pix_8bpp<dtype, rdtype, isbase>(dst_ptr++, pval, bg_comb, px_comb, pal);
+
+                // Move to the next pixel, update coords accordingly
+                source_x += dx;
+                source_y += dy;
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Specialized version for scaled-only backgrounds
+            u8 pval = 0;
+            const u32 pix_y = (u32)(source_y >> 8);
+            if (pix_y < width_height) { // Check if within Y-coord range
+                // Draw/find till left edge
+                while (cnt) {
+                    u32 pix_x = (u32)(source_x >> 8);
+                    if (pix_x < width_height)
+                        break;
+
+                    if (isbase)
+                        render_bdrop_pixel_8bpp<dtype, rdtype>(dst_ptr, bg_comb, bgcol);
+
+                    dst_ptr++;
+                    source_x += dx;
+                    cnt--;
+                }
+                // Draw actual background
+                for (u32 i = 0; cnt; i++, cnt--) {
+                    u32 pix_x = (u32)(source_x >> 8);
+                    if (pix_x >= width_height)
+                        break;
+
+                    if (!mosaic || !(i % mosh))
+                        pval = lookup_pix_8bpp(pix_x, pix_y, tile_base, map_base, map_size);
+                    rend_pix_8bpp<dtype, rdtype, isbase>(dst_ptr++, pval, bg_comb, px_comb, pal);
+
+                    source_x += dx;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Complete the line on the right, if we ran out over the bg edge.
+        // Only necessary for the base layer, otherwise we can safely finish.
+        if (isbase)
+            while (cnt--)
+                render_bdrop_pixel_8bpp<dtype, rdtype>(dst_ptr++, bg_comb, bgcol);
+    }
+}
+
+// Renders affine backgrounds. These differ substantially from non-affine
+// ones. Tile maps are byte arrays (instead of 16 bit), limiting the map to
+// 256 different tiles (with no flip bits and just one single 256 color pal).
+// Optimize for common cases: wrap/non-wrap, scaling/rotation.
+template <typename dsttype, rendtype rdtype, bool isbase>
+static void render_scanline_affine(u32 layer, u32 start, u32 end, void *scanline, const u16 *pal)
+{
+
+    u32 bg_control = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BGxCNT(layer));
+    u32 map_size = (bg_control >> 14) & 0x03;
+
+    // Char block base pointer
+    u32 base_block = (bg_control >> 8) & 0x1F;
+    u8 *map_base = BG_SCREEN_ADDR(base_block);
+    // The tilemap base is selected via bgcnt (16KiB chunks)
+    u32 tilecntrl = (bg_control >> 2) & 0x03;
+    u8 *tile_base = BG_CHAR_ADDR(tilecntrl);
+
+    dsttype *dest_ptr = ((dsttype *)scanline) + start;
+    const u32 mosamount = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_MOSAIC) & 0xFF;
+
+    bool has_mosaic = (bg_control & 0x40) && (mosamount != 0);
+    bool has_rotation = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BGxPC(layer)) != 0;
+    bool has_wrap = (bg_control >> 13) & 1;
+
+    // Number of pixels to render
+    u32 cnt = end - start;
+
+    // Four specialized versions for faster rendering on specific cases like
+    // scaling only or non-wrapped backgrounds.
+    u32 fidx = (has_wrap ? 0x4 : 0) | (has_rotation ? 0x2 : 0) | (has_mosaic ? 0x1 : 0);
+
+    static const affine_render_function rdfns[8] = {
+        render_affine_background<dsttype, rdtype, isbase, false, false, false>,
+        render_affine_background<dsttype, rdtype, isbase, false, false, true>,
+        render_affine_background<dsttype, rdtype, isbase, false, true, false>,
+        render_affine_background<dsttype, rdtype, isbase, false, true, true>,
+        render_affine_background<dsttype, rdtype, isbase, true, false, false>,
+        render_affine_background<dsttype, rdtype, isbase, true, false, true>,
+        render_affine_background<dsttype, rdtype, isbase, true, true, false>,
+        render_affine_background<dsttype, rdtype, isbase, true, true, true>,
+    };
+
+    rdfns[fidx](layer, start, cnt, map_base, map_size, tile_base, dest_ptr, pal);
+}
+
+template <rendtype rdmode, typename buftype, unsigned mode, typename pixfmt>
+static inline void bitmap_pixel_write(buftype *dst_ptr, pixfmt val, const u16 *palptr, u16 px_attr)
+{
+    if (mode != 4)
+        *dst_ptr = convert_palette(val); // Direct color, u16 bitmap
+    else if (val) {
+        if (rdmode == FULLCOLOR)
+            *dst_ptr = palptr[val];
+        else if (rdmode == INDXCOLOR)
+            *dst_ptr = val | px_attr; // Add combine flags
+        else if (rdmode == STCKCOLOR)
+            *dst_ptr = val | px_attr | ((*dst_ptr) << 16); // Stack pixels
+    }
+}
+
+typedef enum {
+    BLIT, // The bitmap has no scaling nor rotation on the X axis
+    SCALED, // The bitmap features some scaling (on the X axis) but no rotation
+    ROTATED // Bitmap has rotation (and perhaps scaling too)
+} bm_rendmode;
+
+// Renders a bitmap honoring the pixel mode and any affine transformations.
+// There's optimized versions for bitmaps without scaling / rotation.
+
+template <rendtype rdtype, typename dsttype, // Rendering target type and format
+          unsigned mode,
+          typename pixfmt, // Bitmap source pixel format (8/16)
+          unsigned width, unsigned height, // Bitmap size (not screen!)
+          bm_rendmode rdmode, // Rendering mode optimization.
+          bool mosaic> // Whether mosaic effect is used.
+static inline void render_scanline_bitmap(u32 start, u32 end, void *scanline, const u16 *palptr)
+{
+    s32 dx = (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG2PA);
+    s32 dy = (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG2PC);
+    s32 source_x = affine_reference_x[0] + (start * dx); // Always BG2
+    s32 source_y = affine_reference_y[0] + (start * dy);
+
+    // Premature abort render optimization if bitmap out of Y coordinate.
+    if ((rdmode != ROTATED) && ((u32)(source_y >> 8)) >= height)
+        return;
+
+    // Modes 4 and 5 feature double buffering.
+    bool second_frame = (mode >= 4) && (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_DISPCNT) & 0x10);
+    pixfmt *src_ptr = (pixfmt *)&VRAM[second_frame ? 0xA000 : 0x0000];
+    dsttype *dst_ptr = ((dsttype *)scanline) + start;
+    u16 px_attr = color_flags(2); // Always BG2
+
+    const u32 mosh = (mosaic ? (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_MOSAIC)) & 0xF : 0) + 1;
+
+    if (rdmode == BLIT) {
+        // We just blit pixels (copy) from buffer to buffer.
+        const u32 pixel_y = (u32)(source_y >> 8);
+        if (source_x < 0) {
+            // The bitmap starts somewhere after "start", skip those pixels.
+            u32 delta = (-source_x + 255) >> 8;
+            dst_ptr += delta;
+            start += delta;
+            source_x = 0;
+        }
+
+        u32 pixel_x = (u32)(source_x >> 8);
+        u32 pixcnt = MIN(end - start, width - pixel_x);
+        pixfmt *valptr = &src_ptr[pixel_x + (pixel_y * width)];
+        pixfmt val = 0;
+        for (u32 i = 0; pixcnt; i++, pixcnt--, valptr++) {
+            // Pretty much pixel copier
+            if (!mosaic || !(i % mosh))
+                val = sizeof(pixfmt) == 2 ? eswap16(*valptr) : *valptr;
+            bitmap_pixel_write<rdtype, dsttype, mode, pixfmt>(dst_ptr++, val, palptr, px_attr);
+        }
+    } else if (rdmode == SCALED) {
+        // Similarly to above, but now we need to sample pixels instead.
+        const u32 pixel_y = (u32)(source_y >> 8);
+
+        // Find the "inside" of the bitmap
+        while (start < end) {
+            u32 pixel_x = (u32)(source_x >> 8);
+            if (pixel_x < width)
+                break;
+            source_x += dx;
+            start++;
+            dst_ptr++;
+        }
+
+        u32 cnt = end - start;
+        pixfmt val = 0;
+        for (u32 i = 0; cnt; i++, cnt--) {
+            u32 pixel_x = (u32)(source_x >> 8);
+            if (pixel_x >= width)
+                break; // We reached the end of the bitmap
+
+            if (!mosaic || !(i % mosh)) {
+                pixfmt *valptr = &src_ptr[pixel_x + (pixel_y * width)];
+                val = sizeof(pixfmt) == 2 ? eswap16(*valptr) : *valptr;
+            }
+
+            bitmap_pixel_write<rdtype, dsttype, mode, pixfmt>(dst_ptr++, val, palptr, px_attr);
+            source_x += dx;
+        }
+    } else {
+        // Look for the first pixel to be drawn.
+        while (start < end) {
+            u32 pixel_x = (u32)(source_x >> 8), pixel_y = (u32)(source_y >> 8);
+            if (pixel_x < width && pixel_y < height)
+                break;
+            start++;
+            dst_ptr++;
+            source_x += dx;
+            source_y += dy;
+        }
+
+        pixfmt val = 0;
+        for (u32 i = 0; start < end; start++) {
+            u32 pixel_x = (u32)(source_x >> 8), pixel_y = (u32)(source_y >> 8);
+
+            // Check if we run out of background pixels, stop drawing.
+            if (pixel_x >= width || pixel_y >= height)
+                break;
+
+            // Lookup pixel and draw it.
+            if (!mosaic || !(i % mosh)) {
+                pixfmt *valptr = &src_ptr[pixel_x + (pixel_y * width)];
+                val = sizeof(pixfmt) == 2 ? eswap16(*valptr) : *valptr;
+            }
+
+            bitmap_pixel_write<rdtype, dsttype, mode, pixfmt>(dst_ptr++, val, palptr, px_attr);
+
+            // Move to the next pixel, update coords accordingly
+            source_x += dx;
+            source_y += dy;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Object/Sprite rendering logic
+
+static const u8 obj_dim_table[3][4][2] = { { { 8, 8 }, { 16, 16 }, { 32, 32 }, { 64, 64 } },
+                                           { { 16, 8 }, { 32, 8 }, { 32, 16 }, { 64, 32 } },
+                                           { { 8, 16 }, { 8, 32 }, { 16, 32 }, { 32, 64 } } };
+
+static u8 obj_priority_list[5][DISPLAY_HEIGHT][128];
+static u8 obj_priority_count[5][DISPLAY_HEIGHT];
+static u8 obj_alpha_count[DISPLAY_HEIGHT];
+
+typedef struct {
+    s32 obj_x, obj_y;
+    s32 obj_w, obj_h;
+    const OamData *oam_data;
+    bool is_double;
+} t_sprite;
+
+// Renders a tile row (8 pixels) for a regular (non-affine) object/sprite.
+// tile_offset points to the VRAM offset where the data lives.
+template <typename dsttype, rendtype rdtype, bool is8bpp, bool hflip>
+static inline void render_obj_part_tile_Nbpp(u32 px_comb, dsttype *dest_ptr, u32 start, u32 end, u32 tile_offset, u16 palette,
+                                             const u16 *pal)
+{
+    // Note that the last VRAM bank wrap around, hence the offset aliasing
+    const u8 *tile_ptr = OBJ_VRAM0 + (tile_offset & 0x7FFF);
+    u32 px_attr = px_comb | palette | 0x100; // Combine flags + high palette bit
+
+    if (is8bpp) {
+        // Each byte is a color, mapped to a palete.
+        for (u32 i = start; i < end; i++, dest_ptr++) {
+            // Honor hflip by selecting bytes in the correct order
+            u32 sel = hflip ? (7 - i) : i;
+            u8 pval = tile_ptr[sel];
+            // Alhpa mode stacks previous value
+            if (pval) {
+                if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = pal[pval];
+                else if (rdtype == INDXCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = pval | px_attr; // Add combine flags
+                else if (rdtype == STCKCOLOR) {
+                    // Stack pixels on top of the pixel value and combine flags
+                    // We do not stack OBJ on OBJ, rather overwrite the previous object
+                    if (*dest_ptr & 0x100)
+                        *dest_ptr = pval | px_attr | ((*dest_ptr) & 0xFFFF0000);
+                    else
+                        *dest_ptr = pval | px_attr | ((*dest_ptr) << 16);
+                } else if (rdtype == PIXCOPY)
+                    *dest_ptr = dest_ptr[DISPLAY_WIDTH];
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        // Only 32 bits (8 pixels * 4 bits)
+        for (u32 i = start; i < end; i++, dest_ptr++) {
+            u32 selb = hflip ? (3 - i / 2) : i / 2;
+            u32 seln = hflip ? ((i & 1) ^ 1) : (i & 1);
+            u8 pval = (tile_ptr[selb] >> (seln * 4)) & 0xF;
+            const u16 *subpal = &pal[palette];
+            if (pval) {
+                if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = subpal[pval];
+                else if (rdtype == INDXCOLOR)
+                    *dest_ptr = pval | px_attr;
+                else if (rdtype == STCKCOLOR) {
+                    if (*dest_ptr & 0x100)
+                        *dest_ptr = pval | px_attr | ((*dest_ptr) & 0xFFFF0000);
+                    else
+                        *dest_ptr = pval | px_attr | ((*dest_ptr) << 16); // Stack pixels
+                } else if (rdtype == PIXCOPY)
+                    *dest_ptr = dest_ptr[DISPLAY_WIDTH];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Same as above but optimized for full tiles
+template <typename dsttype, rendtype rdtype, bool is8bpp, bool hflip>
+static inline void render_obj_tile_Nbpp(u32 px_comb, dsttype *dest_ptr, u32 tile_offset, u16 palette, const u16 *pal)
+{
+    const u8 *tile_ptr = &VRAM[0x10000 + (tile_offset & 0x7FFF)];
+    u32 px_attr = px_comb | palette | 0x100; // Combine flags + high palette bit
+
+    if (is8bpp) {
+        for (u32 j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
+            u32 tilepix = eswap32(((u32 *)tile_ptr)[hflip ? 1 - j : j]);
+            if (tilepix) {
+                for (u32 i = 0; i < 4; i++, dest_ptr++) {
+                    u8 pval = hflip ? (tilepix >> (24 - i * 8)) : (tilepix >> (i * 8));
+                    if (pval) {
+                        if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                            *dest_ptr = pal[pval];
+                        else if (rdtype == INDXCOLOR)
+                            *dest_ptr = pval | px_attr; // Add combine flags
+                        else if (rdtype == STCKCOLOR) {
+                            if (*dest_ptr & 0x100)
+                                *dest_ptr = pval | px_attr | ((*dest_ptr) & 0xFFFF0000);
+                            else
+                                *dest_ptr = pval | px_attr | ((*dest_ptr) << 16);
+                        } else if (rdtype == PIXCOPY)
+                            *dest_ptr = dest_ptr[DISPLAY_WIDTH];
+                    }
+                }
+            } else
+                dest_ptr += 4;
+        }
+    } else {
+        u32 tilepix = eswap32(*(u32 *)tile_ptr);
+        if (tilepix) { // Can skip all pixels if the row is just transparent
+            for (u32 i = 0; i < 8; i++, dest_ptr++) {
+                u8 pval = (hflip ? (tilepix >> ((7 - i) * 4)) : (tilepix >> (i * 4))) & 0xF;
+                const u16 *subpal = &pal[palette];
+                if (pval) {
+                    if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                        *dest_ptr = subpal[pval];
+                    else if (rdtype == INDXCOLOR)
+                        *dest_ptr = pval | px_attr;
+                    else if (rdtype == STCKCOLOR) { // Stack background, replace sprite
+                        if (*dest_ptr & 0x100)
+                            *dest_ptr = pval | px_attr | ((*dest_ptr) & 0xFFFF0000);
+                        else
+                            *dest_ptr = pval | px_attr | ((*dest_ptr) << 16);
+                    } else if (rdtype == PIXCOPY)
+                        *dest_ptr = dest_ptr[DISPLAY_WIDTH];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Renders a regular sprite (non-affine) row to screen.
+// delta_x is the object X coordinate referenced from the window start.
+// cnt is the maximum number of pixels to draw, honoring window, obj width, etc.
+template <typename stype, rendtype rdtype, bool is8bpp, bool hflip>
+static void render_object(s32 delta_x, u32 cnt, stype *dst_ptr, u32 tile_offset, u32 px_comb, u16 palette, const u16 *palptr)
+{
+    // Tile size in bytes for each mode
+    const u32 tile_bsize = is8bpp ? tile_size_8bpp : tile_size_4bpp;
+    // Number of bytes to advance (or rewind) on the tile map
+    const s32 tile_size_off = hflip ? -tile_bsize : tile_bsize;
+
+    if (delta_x < 0) { // Left part is outside of the screen/window.
+        u32 offx = -delta_x; // How many pixels did we skip from the object?
+        s32 block_off = offx / 8;
+        u32 tile_off = offx % 8;
+
+        // Skip the first object tiles (skips in the flip direction)
+        tile_offset += block_off * tile_size_off;
+
+        // Render a partial tile to the left
+        if (tile_off) {
+            u32 residual = 8 - tile_off; // Pixel count to complete the first tile
+            u32 maxpix = MIN(residual, cnt);
+            render_obj_part_tile_Nbpp<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, hflip>(px_comb, dst_ptr, tile_off, tile_off + maxpix, tile_offset, palette,
+                                                                    palptr);
+
+            // Move to the next tile
+            tile_offset += tile_size_off;
+            // Account for drawn pixels
+            cnt -= maxpix;
+            dst_ptr += maxpix;
+        }
+    } else {
+        // Render object completely from the left. Skip the empty space to the left
+        dst_ptr += delta_x;
+    }
+
+    // Render full tiles to the scan line.
+    s32 num_tiles = cnt / 8;
+    while (num_tiles--) {
+        // Render full tiles
+        render_obj_tile_Nbpp<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, hflip>(px_comb, dst_ptr, tile_offset, palette, palptr);
+        tile_offset += tile_size_off;
+        dst_ptr += 8;
+    }
+
+    // Render any partial tile on the end
+    cnt = cnt % 8;
+    if (cnt)
+        render_obj_part_tile_Nbpp<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, hflip>(px_comb, dst_ptr, 0, cnt, tile_offset, palette, palptr);
+}
+
+// A slower version of the version above, that renders objects pixel by pixel.
+// This allows proper mosaic effects whenever necessary.
+template <typename stype, rendtype rdtype, bool is8bpp, bool hflip>
+static void render_object_mosaic(s32 delta_x, u32 cnt, stype *dst_ptr, u32 base_tile_offset, u32 mosh, u32 px_comb, u16 palette,
+                                 const u16 *pal)
+{
+    const u32 tile_bsize = is8bpp ? tile_size_8bpp : tile_size_4bpp;
+    const s32 tile_size_off = hflip ? -tile_bsize : tile_bsize;
+
+    u32 offx = 0;
+    if (delta_x < 0) { // Left part is outside of the screen/window.
+        offx = -delta_x; // Number of skipped pixels
+    } else {
+        dst_ptr += delta_x;
+    }
+
+    u32 px_attr = px_comb | palette | 0x100; // Combine flags + high palette bit
+
+    u8 pval = 0;
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < cnt; i++, offx++, dst_ptr++) {
+        if (!(i % mosh)) {
+            // Load tile pixel color.
+            u32 tile_offset = base_tile_offset + (offx / 8) * tile_size_off;
+            const u8 *tile_ptr = &VRAM[0x10000 + (tile_offset & 0x7FFF)];
+
+            // Lookup for each mode and flip value.
+            if (is8bpp) {
+                if (hflip)
+                    pval = tile_ptr[7 - offx % 8];
+                else
+                    pval = tile_ptr[offx % 8];
+            } else {
+                if (hflip)
+                    pval = (tile_ptr[(7 - offx % 8) >> 1] >> (((offx & 1) ^ 1) * 4)) & 0xF;
+                else
+                    pval = (tile_ptr[(offx % 8) >> 1] >> ((offx & 1) * 4)) & 0xF;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Write the pixel value as required
+        const u16 *subpal = &pal[palette];
+        if (pval) {
+            if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                *dst_ptr = is8bpp ? pal[pval] : subpal[pval];
+            else if (rdtype == INDXCOLOR)
+                *dst_ptr = pval | px_attr; // Add combine flags
+            else if (rdtype == STCKCOLOR) {
+                if (*dst_ptr & 0x100)
+                    *dst_ptr = pval | px_attr | ((*dst_ptr) & 0xFFFF0000);
+                else
+                    *dst_ptr = pval | px_attr | ((*dst_ptr) << 16);
+            } else if (rdtype == PIXCOPY)
+                *dst_ptr = dst_ptr[DISPLAY_WIDTH];
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Renders an affine sprite row to screen.
+// They support 4bpp and 8bpp modes. 1D and 2D tile mapping modes.
+// Their render area is limited to their size (and optionally double size)
+template <typename stype, rendtype rdtype, bool mosaic, bool is8bpp, bool rotate>
+static void render_affine_object(const t_sprite *obji, const t_affp *affp, bool is_double, u32 start, u32 end, stype *dst_ptr, u32 mosv,
+                                 u32 mosh, u32 base_tile, u32 pxcomb, u16 palette, const u16 *palptr)
+{
+    // Tile size in bytes for each mode
+    const u32 tile_bsize = is8bpp ? tile_size_8bpp : tile_size_4bpp;
+    const u32 tile_bwidth = is8bpp ? tile_width_8bpp : tile_width_4bpp;
+
+    // Affine params
+    s32 dx = (s16)eswap16(affp->dx);
+    s32 dy = (s16)eswap16(affp->dy);
+    s32 dmx = (s16)eswap16(affp->dmx);
+    s32 dmy = (s16)eswap16(affp->dmy);
+
+    // Object dimensions and boundaries
+    u32 obj_dimw = obji->obj_w;
+    u32 obj_dimh = obji->obj_h;
+    s32 middle_x = is_double ? obji->obj_w : (obji->obj_w / 2);
+    s32 middle_y = is_double ? obji->obj_h : (obji->obj_h / 2);
+    s32 obj_width = is_double ? obji->obj_w * 2 : obji->obj_w;
+    s32 obj_height = is_double ? obji->obj_h * 2 : obji->obj_h;
+
+    s32 vcount = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_VCOUNT);
+    if (mosaic)
+        vcount -= vcount % mosv;
+    s32 y_delta = vcount - (obji->obj_y + middle_y);
+
+    if (obji->obj_x < (signed)start)
+        middle_x -= (start - obji->obj_x);
+    s32 source_x = (obj_dimw << 7) + (y_delta * dmx) - (middle_x * dx);
+    s32 source_y = (obj_dimh << 7) + (y_delta * dmy) - (middle_x * dy);
+
+    // Early optimization if Y-coord is out completely for this line.
+    // (if there's no rotation Y coord remains identical throughout the line).
+    if (!rotate && ((u32)(source_y >> 8)) >= (u32)obj_height)
+        return;
+
+    u32 d_start = MAX((signed)start, obji->obj_x);
+    u32 d_end = MIN((signed)end, obji->obj_x + obj_width);
+    u32 cnt = d_end - d_start;
+    dst_ptr += d_start;
+
+    bool obj1dmap = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_DISPCNT) & 0x40;
+    const u32 tile_pitch = obj1dmap ? (obj_dimw / 8) * tile_bsize : 1024;
+    u32 px_attr = pxcomb | palette | 0x100; // Combine flags + high palette bit
+
+    // Skip pixels outside of the sprite area, until we reach the sprite "inside"
+    while (cnt) {
+        u32 pixel_x = (u32)(source_x >> 8), pixel_y = (u32)(source_y >> 8);
+
+        // Stop once we find a pixel that is actually *inside* the map.
+        if (pixel_x < obj_dimw && pixel_y < obj_dimh)
+            break;
+
+        dst_ptr++;
+        source_x += dx;
+        if (rotate)
+            source_y += dy;
+        cnt--;
+    }
+
+    // Draw sprite pixels by looking them up first. Lookup address is tricky!
+    u8 pixval = 0;
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+        u32 pixel_x = (u32)(source_x >> 8), pixel_y = (u32)(source_y >> 8);
+
+        // Check if we run out of the sprite, then we can safely abort.
+        if (pixel_x >= obj_dimw || pixel_y >= obj_dimh)
+            return;
+
+        // For mosaic, we "remember" the last looked up pixel.
+        if (!mosaic || !(i % mosh)) {
+            // Lookup pixel and draw it.
+            if (is8bpp) {
+                // We lookup the byte directly and render it.
+                const u32 tile_off = base_tile + // Character base
+                    ((pixel_y >> 3) * tile_pitch) + // Skip vertical blocks
+                    ((pixel_x >> 3) * tile_bsize) + // Skip horizontal blocks
+                    ((pixel_y & 0x7) * tile_bwidth) + // Skip vertical rows to the pixel
+                    (pixel_x & 0x7); // Skip the horizontal offset
+
+                pixval = *(OBJ_VRAM0 + (tile_off & 0x7FFF)); // Read pixel value!
+            } else {
+                const u32 tile_off = base_tile + // Character base
+                    ((pixel_y >> 3) * tile_pitch) + // Skip vertical blocks
+                    ((pixel_x >> 3) * tile_bsize) + // Skip horizontal blocks
+                    ((pixel_y & 0x7) * tile_bwidth) + // Skip vertical rows to the pixel
+                    ((pixel_x >> 1) & 0x3); // Skip the horizontal offset
+
+                u8 pixpair = *(OBJ_VRAM0 + (tile_off & 0x7FFF)); // Read 2 pixels @4bpp
+                pixval = ((pixel_x & 1) ? pixpair >> 4 : pixpair & 0xF);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Render the pixel value
+        if (pixval) {
+            if (rdtype == FULLCOLOR)
+                *dst_ptr = palptr[pixval | palette];
+            else if (rdtype == INDXCOLOR)
+                *dst_ptr = pixval | px_attr; // Add combine flags
+            else if (rdtype == STCKCOLOR) {
+                // Stack pixels on top of the pixel value and combine flags
+                if (*dst_ptr & 0x100)
+                    *dst_ptr = pixval | px_attr | ((*dst_ptr) & 0xFFFF0000);
+                else
+                    *dst_ptr = pixval | px_attr | ((*dst_ptr) << 16); // Stack pixels
+            } else if (rdtype == PIXCOPY)
+                *dst_ptr = dst_ptr[DISPLAY_WIDTH];
+        }
+
+        // Move to the next pixel, update coords accordingly
+        dst_ptr++;
+        source_x += dx;
+        if (rotate)
+            source_y += dy;
+    }
+}
+
+// Renders a single sprite on the current scanline.
+// This function calls the affine or regular renderer depending on the sprite.
+// Will calculate whether sprite has certain effects (flip, rotation ...) to
+// use an optimized renderer function.
+template <typename stype, rendtype rdtype, bool is8bpp, bool mosaic>
+inline static void render_sprite(const t_sprite *obji, bool is_affine, u32 start, u32 end, stype *scanline, u32 pxcomb, const u16 *palptr)
+{
+    s32 vcount = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_VCOUNT);
+    bool obj1dmap = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_DISPCNT) & 0x40;
+    u32 tile = obji->oam_data->split.tileNum;
+    if (is8bpp && !obj1dmap) {
+        tile &= ~1;
+    }
+    u32 base_tile = tile * 32;
+
+    const u32 mosv = (mosaic ? (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_MOSAIC) >> 12) & 0xF : 0) + 1;
+    const u32 mosh = (mosaic ? (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_MOSAIC) >> 8) & 0xF : 0) + 1;
+
+    // Render the object scanline using the correct mode.
+    // (in 4bpp mode calculate the palette number)
+    // Objects use the higher palette part
+    u16 pal = (is8bpp ? 0 : (obji->oam_data->split.paletteNum << 4));
+
+    if (is_affine) {
+        u32 pnum = obji->oam_data->split.matrixNum;
+        const t_affp *affp_base = (t_affp *)OAM;
+        const t_affp *affp = &affp_base[pnum];
+
+        if (affp->dy == 0) // No rotation happening (just scale)
+            render_affine_object<stype, rdtype, mosaic, is8bpp, false>(obji, affp, obji->is_double, start, end, scanline, mosv, mosh,
+                                                                       base_tile, pxcomb, pal, palptr);
+        else // Full rotation and scaling
+            render_affine_object<stype, rdtype, mosaic, is8bpp, true>(obji, affp, obji->is_double, start, end, scanline, mosv, mosh,
+                                                                      base_tile, pxcomb, pal, palptr);
+    } else {
+        // The object could be out of the window, check and skip.
+        if (obji->obj_x >= (signed)end || obji->obj_x + obji->obj_w <= (signed)start)
+            return;
+
+        // Non-affine objects can be flipped on both edges.
+        bool hflip = (obji->oam_data->split.matrixNum >> 3) & 1;
+        bool vflip = (obji->oam_data->split.matrixNum >> 4) & 1;
+
+        // Calulate the vertical offset (row) to be displayed. Account for vflip.
+        u32 voffset = vflip ? obji->obj_y + obji->obj_h - vcount - 1 : vcount - obji->obj_y;
+        if (mosaic)
+            voffset -= voffset % mosv;
+
+        // Calculate base tile for the object (points to the row to be drawn).
+        u32 tile_bsize = is8bpp ? tile_size_8bpp : tile_size_4bpp;
+        u32 tile_bwidth = is8bpp ? tile_width_8bpp : tile_width_4bpp;
+        u32 obj_pitch = obj1dmap ? (obji->obj_w / 8) * tile_bsize : 1024;
+        u32 hflip_off = hflip ? ((obji->obj_w / 8) - 1) * tile_bsize : 0;
+
+        // Calculate the pointer to the tile.
+        const u32 tile_offset = base_tile + // Char offset
+            (voffset / 8) * obj_pitch + // Select tile row offset
+            (voffset % 8) * tile_bwidth + // Skip tile rows
+            hflip_off; // Account for horizontal flip
+
+        // Make everything relative to start
+        s32 obj_x_offset = obji->obj_x - start;
+        u32 clipped_width = obj_x_offset >= 0 ? obji->obj_w : obji->obj_w + obj_x_offset;
+        u32 max_range = obj_x_offset >= 0 ? end - obji->obj_x : end - start;
+        u32 max_draw = MIN(max_range, clipped_width);
+
+        if (mosaic && mosh > 1) {
+            if (hflip)
+                render_object_mosaic<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, true>(obj_x_offset, max_draw, &scanline[start], tile_offset, mosh, pxcomb, pal,
+                                                                  palptr);
+            else
+                render_object_mosaic<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, false>(obj_x_offset, max_draw, &scanline[start], tile_offset, mosh, pxcomb, pal,
+                                                                   palptr);
+        } else {
+            if (hflip)
+                render_object<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, true>(obj_x_offset, max_draw, &scanline[start], tile_offset, pxcomb, pal, palptr);
+            else
+                render_object<stype, rdtype, is8bpp, false>(obj_x_offset, max_draw, &scanline[start], tile_offset, pxcomb, pal, palptr);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Renders objects on a scanline for a given priority.
+// This function assumes that order_obj has been called to prepare the objects.
+template <typename stype, rendtype rdtype> void render_scanline_objs(u32 priority, u32 start, u32 end, void *raw_ptr, const u16 *palptr)
+{
+    stype *scanline = (stype *)raw_ptr;
+    s32 vcount = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_VCOUNT);
+    s32 objn;
+    u32 objcnt = obj_priority_count[priority][vcount];
+    u8 *objlist = obj_priority_list[priority][vcount];
+
+    // Render all the visible objects for this priority (back to front)
+    for (objn = objcnt - 1; objn >= 0; objn--) {
+        // Objects in the list are pre-filtered and sorted in the appropriate order
+        u32 objoff = objlist[objn];
+        const OamData *oam_data = (OamData *)&OAM[objoff * OAM_DATA_SIZE_AFFINE];
+
+        u16 obj_shape = oam_data->split.shape;
+        u16 obj_size = oam_data->split.size;
+        bool is_affine = oam_data->split.affineMode & 1;
+        bool is_trans = oam_data->split.objMode == OBJ_MOD_SEMITRAN;
+        s32 obj_x = oam_data->split.x;
+        s32 obj_y = oam_data->split.y;
+#if !EXTENDED_OAM
+        if (obj_x > DISPLAY_WIDTH)
+            obj_x -= 512;
+#endif
+
+        t_sprite obji = {
+            .obj_x = obj_x,
+            .obj_y = obj_y,
+            .obj_w = obj_dim_table[obj_shape][obj_size][0],
+            .obj_h = obj_dim_table[obj_shape][obj_size][1],
+            .oam_data = oam_data,
+            .is_double = !!((oam_data->split.affineMode >> 1) & 1),
+        };
+
+        s32 obj_maxw = (is_affine && obji.is_double) ? obji.obj_w * 2 : obji.obj_w;
+
+        // The object could be out of the window, check and skip.
+        if (obji.obj_x >= (signed)end || obji.obj_x + obj_maxw <= (signed)start)
+            continue;
+
+        // ST-OBJs force 1st target bit (forced blending)
+        bool forcebld = is_trans && rdtype != FULLCOLOR;
+#if !EXTENDED_OAM
+        if (obji.obj_y > DISPLAY_HEIGHT)
+            obji.obj_y -= 256;
+#endif
+        // In PIXCOPY mode, we have already some stuff rendered (winout) and now
+        // we render the "win-in" area for this object. The PIXCOPY function will
+        // copy (merge) the two pixels depending on the result of the sprite render
+        // The temporary buffer is rendered on the next scanline area.
+        if (rdtype == PIXCOPY) {
+            u32 sec_start = MAX((signed)start, obji.obj_x);
+            u32 sec_end = MIN((signed)end, obji.obj_x + obj_maxw);
+            u32 obj_enable = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_WINOUT) >> 8;
+
+            // Render at the next scanline!
+            u16 *tmp_ptr = (u16 *)&scanline[GBA_SCREEN_PITCH];
+            render_scanline_conditional(sec_start, sec_end, tmp_ptr, obj_enable);
+        }
+
+        // Calculate combine masks. These store 2 bits of info: 1st and 2nd target.
+        // If set, the current pixel belongs to a layer that is 1st or 2nd target.
+        // For ST-objs, we set an extra bit, for later blending.
+        u32 pxcomb = (forcebld ? 0x800 : 0) | color_flags(4);
+
+        bool emosaic = oam_data->split.mosaic;
+        bool is_8bpp = oam_data->split.bpp;
+
+        // Some games enable mosaic but set it to size 0 (1), so ignore.
+        const u32 mosreg = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_MOSAIC) & 0xFF00;
+
+        if (emosaic && mosreg) {
+            if (is_8bpp)
+                render_sprite<stype, rdtype, true, true>(&obji, is_affine, start, end, scanline, pxcomb, palptr);
+            else
+                render_sprite<stype, rdtype, false, true>(&obji, is_affine, start, end, scanline, pxcomb, palptr);
+        } else {
+            if (is_8bpp)
+                render_sprite<stype, rdtype, true, false>(&obji, is_affine, start, end, scanline, pxcomb, palptr);
+            else
+                render_sprite<stype, rdtype, false, false>(&obji, is_affine, start, end, scanline, pxcomb, palptr);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+int sprite_limit = 0;
+
+// Goes through the object list in the OAM (from #127 to #0) and adds objects
+// into a sorted list by priority for the current row.
+// Invisible objects are discarded. ST-objects are flagged. Cycle counting is
+// performed to discard excessive objects (to match HW capabilities).
+static void order_obj(u32 video_mode)
+{
+    u32 obj_num;
+    u32 row;
+    u16 rend_cycles[DISPLAY_HEIGHT];
+
+    bool hblank_free = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_DISPCNT) & 0x20;
+    u16 max_rend_cycles = !sprite_limit ? REND_CYC_MAX : hblank_free ? REND_CYC_REDUCED : REND_CYC_SCANLINE;
+
+    memset(obj_priority_count, 0, sizeof(obj_priority_count));
+    memset(obj_alpha_count, 0, sizeof(obj_alpha_count));
+    memset(rend_cycles, 0, sizeof(rend_cycles));
+
+    for (obj_num = 0; obj_num < 128; obj_num++) {
+        const OamData *oam_data = (OamData *)&OAM[obj_num * OAM_DATA_SIZE_AFFINE];
+
+        // Bit 9 disables regular sprites (that is, non-affine ones).
+        if (oam_data->split.affineMode == 2)
+            continue;
+
+        u16 obj_shape = oam_data->split.shape;
+        u32 obj_mode = oam_data->split.objMode;
+
+        // Prohibited shape and mode
+        if ((obj_shape == 0x3) || (obj_mode == OBJ_MOD_INVALID))
+            continue;
+
+        // On bitmap modes, objs 0-511 are not usable, ingore them.
+        if ((video_mode >= 3) && (!(oam_data->split.tileNum & 0x200)))
+            continue;
+
+        // Calculate object size (from size and shape attr bits)
+        u16 obj_size = oam_data->split.size;
+        s32 obj_height = obj_dim_table[obj_shape][obj_size][1];
+        s32 obj_width = obj_dim_table[obj_shape][obj_size][0];
+        s32 obj_y = oam_data->split.y;
+
+#if !EXTENDED_OAM
+        if (obj_y > DISPLAY_HEIGHT)
+            obj_y -= 256;
+#endif
+        // Double size for affine sprites with double bit set
+        if ((oam_data->split.affineMode >> 1) & 1) {
+            obj_height *= 2;
+            obj_width *= 2;
+        }
+
+        if (((obj_y + obj_height) > 0) && (obj_y < DISPLAY_HEIGHT)) {
+            s32 obj_x = oam_data->split.x;
+
+#if !EXTENDED_OAM
+            if (obj_x > DISPLAY_WIDTH)
+                obj_x -= 512;
+#endif
+            if (((obj_x + obj_width) > 0) && (obj_x < DISPLAY_WIDTH)) {
+                u32 obj_priority = oam_data->split.priority;
+                bool is_affine = oam_data->split.affineMode & 1;
+                // Clip Y coord and height to the 0..159 interval
+                u32 starty = MAX(obj_y, 0);
+                u32 endy = MIN(obj_y + obj_height, DISPLAY_HEIGHT);
+
+                // Calculate needed cycles to render the sprite
+                u16 cyccnt = is_affine ? (10 + obj_width * 2) : obj_width;
+
+                switch (obj_mode) {
+                    case OBJ_MOD_SEMITRAN:
+                        for (row = starty; row < endy; row++) {
+                            if (rend_cycles[row] < max_rend_cycles) {
+                                u32 cur_cnt = obj_priority_count[obj_priority][row];
+                                obj_priority_list[obj_priority][row][cur_cnt] = obj_num;
+                                obj_priority_count[obj_priority][row] = cur_cnt + 1;
+                                rend_cycles[row] += cyccnt;
+                                // Mark the row as having semi-transparent objects
+                                obj_alpha_count[row] = 1;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    case OBJ_MOD_WINDOW:
+                        obj_priority = 4;
+                        /* fallthrough */
+                    case OBJ_MOD_NORMAL:
+                        // Add the object to the list.
+                        for (row = starty; row < endy; row++) {
+                            if (rend_cycles[row] < max_rend_cycles) {
+                                u32 cur_cnt = obj_priority_count[obj_priority][row];
+                                obj_priority_list[obj_priority][row][cur_cnt] = obj_num;
+                                obj_priority_count[obj_priority][row] = cur_cnt + 1;
+                                rend_cycles[row] += cyccnt;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        break;
+                };
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+u32 layer_order[16];
+u32 layer_count;
+
+// Sorts active BG/OBJ layers and generates an ordered list of layers.
+// Things are drawn back to front, so lowest priority goes first.
+static void order_layers(u32 layer_flags, u32 vcnt)
+{
+    bool obj_enabled = (layer_flags & 0x10);
+    s32 priority;
+
+    layer_count = 0;
+
+    for (priority = 3; priority >= 0; priority--) {
+        bool anyobj = obj_priority_count[priority][vcnt] > 0;
+        s32 lnum;
+
+        for (lnum = 3; lnum >= 0; lnum--) {
+            if (((layer_flags >> lnum) & 1) && ((read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BGxCNT(lnum)) & 0x03) == priority)) {
+                layer_order[layer_count++] = lnum;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (obj_enabled && anyobj)
+            layer_order[layer_count++] = priority | 0x04;
+    }
+}
+
+// Blending is performed by separating an RGB value into 0G0R0B (32 bit)
+// Since blending factors are at most 16, mult/add operations do not overflow
+// to the neighbouring color and can be performed much faster than separatedly
+
+// Here follow the mask value to separate/expand the color to 32 bit,
+// the mask to detect overflows in the blend operation and
+
+#define BLND_MSK (SATR_MSK | SATG_MSK | SATB_MSK)
+
+#define OVFG_MSK 0x04000000
+#define OVFR_MSK 0x00008000
+#define OVFB_MSK 0x00000020
+#define SATG_MSK 0x03E00000
+#define SATR_MSK 0x00007C00
+#define SATB_MSK 0x0000001F
+
+typedef enum {
+    OBJ_BLEND, // No effects, just blend forced-blend pixels (ie. ST objects)
+    BLEND_ONLY, // Just alpha blending (if the pixels are 1st and 2nd target)
+    BLEND_BRIGHT, // Perform alpha blending if appropiate, and brighten otherwise
+    BLEND_DARK, // Same but with darken effecg
+} blendtype;
+
+// Applies blending (and optional brighten/darken) effect to a bunch of
+// color-indexed pixel pairs. Depending on the mode and the pixel target
+// number, blending, darken/brighten or no effect will be applied.
+// Bits 0-8 encode the color index (paletted colors)
+// Bit 9 is set if the pixel belongs to a 1st target layer
+// Bit 10 is set if the pixel belongs to a 2nd target layer
+// Bit 11 is set if the pixel belongs to a ST-object
+template <blendtype bldtype, bool st_objs> static void merge_blend(u32 start, u32 end, u16 *dst, u32 *src)
+{
+    u32 bldalpha = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDALPHA);
+    u32 brightf = MIN(16, read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDY) & 0x1F);
+    u32 blend_a = MIN(16, (bldalpha >> 0) & 0x1F);
+    u32 blend_b = MIN(16, (bldalpha >> 8) & 0x1F);
+
+    bool can_saturate = blend_a + blend_b > 16;
+
+    if (can_saturate) {
+        // If blending can result in saturation, we need to clamp output values.
+        while (start < end) {
+            u32 pixpair = src[start];
+            // If ST-OBJ, force blending mode (has priority over other effects).
+            // If regular blending mode, blend if 1st/2nd bits are set respectively.
+            // Otherwise, apply other color effects if 1st bit is set.
+            bool force_blend = (pixpair & 0x04000800) == 0x04000800;
+            bool do_blend = (pixpair & 0x04000200) == 0x04000200;
+            if ((st_objs && force_blend) || (do_blend && bldtype == BLEND_ONLY)) {
+                // Top pixel is 1st target, pixel below is 2nd target. Blend!
+                u16 p1 = PLTT[(pixpair >> 0) & 0x1FF];
+                u16 p2 = PLTT[(pixpair >> 16) & 0x1FF];
+                u32 p1e = (p1 | (p1 << 16)) & BLND_MSK;
+                u32 p2e = (p2 | (p2 << 16)) & BLND_MSK;
+                u32 pfe = (((p1e * blend_a) + (p2e * blend_b)) >> 4);
+
+                // If the overflow bit is set, saturate (set) all bits to one.
+                if (pfe & (OVFR_MSK | OVFG_MSK | OVFB_MSK)) {
+                    if (pfe & OVFG_MSK)
+                        pfe |= SATG_MSK;
+                    if (pfe & OVFR_MSK)
+                        pfe |= SATR_MSK;
+                    if (pfe & OVFB_MSK)
+                        pfe |= SATB_MSK;
+                }
+                pfe &= BLND_MSK;
+                dst[start++] = (pfe >> 16) | pfe;
+            } else if ((bldtype == BLEND_DARK || bldtype == BLEND_BRIGHT) && (pixpair & 0x200) == 0x200) {
+                // Top pixel is 1st-target, can still apply bright/dark effect.
+                u16 pidx = PLTT[pixpair & 0x1FF];
+                u32 epixel = (pidx | (pidx << 16)) & BLND_MSK;
+                u32 pa = bldtype == BLEND_DARK ? 0 : ((BLND_MSK * brightf) >> 4) & BLND_MSK;
+                u32 pb = ((epixel * (16 - brightf)) >> 4) & BLND_MSK;
+                epixel = (pa + pb) & BLND_MSK;
+                dst[start++] = (epixel >> 16) | epixel;
+            } else {
+                dst[start++] = PLTT[pixpair & 0x1FF]; // No effects
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        while (start < end) {
+            u32 pixpair = src[start];
+            bool do_blend = (pixpair & 0x04000200) == 0x04000200;
+            bool force_blend = (pixpair & 0x04000800) == 0x04000800;
+            if ((st_objs && force_blend) || (do_blend && bldtype == BLEND_ONLY)) {
+                // Top pixel is 1st target, pixel below is 2nd target. Blend!
+                u16 p1 = PLTT[(pixpair >> 0) & 0x1FF];
+                u16 p2 = PLTT[(pixpair >> 16) & 0x1FF];
+                u32 p1e = (p1 | (p1 << 16)) & BLND_MSK;
+                u32 p2e = (p2 | (p2 << 16)) & BLND_MSK;
+                u32 pfe = (((p1e * blend_a) + (p2e * blend_b)) >> 4) & BLND_MSK;
+                dst[start++] = (pfe >> 16) | pfe;
+            } else if ((bldtype == BLEND_DARK || bldtype == BLEND_BRIGHT) && (pixpair & 0x200) == 0x200) {
+                // Top pixel is 1st-target, can still apply bright/dark effect.
+                u16 pidx = PLTT[pixpair & 0x1FF];
+                u32 epixel = (pidx | (pidx << 16)) & BLND_MSK;
+                u32 pa = bldtype == BLEND_DARK ? 0 : ((BLND_MSK * brightf) >> 4) & BLND_MSK;
+                u32 pb = ((epixel * (16 - brightf)) >> 4) & BLND_MSK;
+                epixel = (pa + pb) & BLND_MSK;
+                dst[start++] = (epixel >> 16) | epixel;
+            } else {
+                dst[start++] = PLTT[pixpair & 0x1FF]; // No effects
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Applies brighten/darken effect to a bunch of color-indexed pixels.
+template <blendtype bldtype> static void merge_brightness(u32 start, u32 end, u16 *srcdst)
+{
+    u32 brightness = MIN(16, read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDY) & 0x1F);
+
+    while (start < end) {
+        u16 spix = srcdst[start];
+        u16 pixcol = PLTT[spix & 0x1FF];
+
+        if ((spix & 0x200) == 0x200) {
+            // Pixel is 1st target, can apply color effect.
+            u32 epixel = (pixcol | (pixcol << 16)) & BLND_MSK;
+            u32 pa = bldtype == BLEND_DARK ? 0 : ((BLND_MSK * brightness) >> 4) & BLND_MSK; // B/W
+            u32 pb = ((epixel * (16 - brightness)) >> 4) & BLND_MSK; // Pixel color
+            epixel = (pa + pb) & BLND_MSK;
+            pixcol = (epixel >> 16) | epixel;
+        }
+
+        srcdst[start++] = pixcol;
+    }
+}
+
+// Fills a segment using the backdrop color (in the right mode).
+template <rendtype rdmode, typename dsttype> void fill_line_background(u32 start, u32 end, dsttype *scanline)
+{
+    dsttype bgcol = PLTT[0];
+    u16 bg_comb = color_flags(5);
+    while (start < end)
+        if (rdmode == FULLCOLOR)
+            scanline[start++] = bgcol;
+        else
+            scanline[start++] = 0 | bg_comb;
+}
+
+// Renders the backdrop color (ie. whenever no layer is active) applying
+// any effects that might still apply (usually darken/brighten).
+static void render_backdrop(u32 start, u32 end, u16 *scanline)
+{
+    u16 bldcnt = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDCNT);
+    u16 pixcol = PLTT[0];
+    u32 effect = (bldcnt >> 6) & 0x03;
+    u32 bd_1st_target = ((bldcnt >> 0x5) & 0x01);
+
+    if (bd_1st_target && effect == COL_EFFECT_BRIGHT) {
+        u32 brightness = MIN(16, read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDY) & 0x1F);
+
+        // Unpack 16 bit pixel for fast blending operation
+        u32 epixel = (pixcol | (pixcol << 16)) & BLND_MSK;
+        u32 pa = ((BLND_MSK * brightness) >> 4) & BLND_MSK; // White color
+        u32 pb = ((epixel * (16 - brightness)) >> 4) & BLND_MSK; // Pixel color
+        epixel = (pa + pb) & BLND_MSK;
+        pixcol = (epixel >> 16) | epixel;
+    } else if (bd_1st_target && effect == COL_EFFECT_DARK) {
+        u32 brightness = MIN(16, read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDY) & 0x1F);
+        u32 epixel = (pixcol | (pixcol << 16)) & BLND_MSK;
+        epixel = ((epixel * (16 - brightness)) >> 4) & BLND_MSK; // Pixel color
+        pixcol = (epixel >> 16) | epixel;
+    }
+
+    // Fill the line with that color
+    while (start < end)
+        scanline[start++] = pixcol;
+}
+
+// Renders all the available and enabled layers (in tiled mode).
+// Walks the list of layers in visibility order and renders them in the
+// specified mode (taking into consideration the first layer, etc).
+template <rendtype bgmode, rendtype objmode, typename dsttype>
+void tile_render_layers(u32 start, u32 end, dsttype *dst_ptr, u32 enabled_layers)
+{
+    u32 lnum;
+    u32 base_done = 0;
+    u16 dispcnt = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_DISPCNT);
+    u16 video_mode = dispcnt & 0x07;
+    bool obj_enabled = (enabled_layers & 0x10); // Objects are visible
+
+    bool objlayer_is_1st_tgt = ((read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDCNT) >> 4) & 1) != 0;
+    bool has_trans_obj = obj_alpha_count[read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_VCOUNT)];
+
+    for (lnum = 0; lnum < layer_count; lnum++) {
+        u32 layer = layer_order[lnum];
+        bool is_obj = layer & 0x4;
+        if (is_obj && obj_enabled) {
+            bool can_skip_blend = !has_trans_obj && !objlayer_is_1st_tgt;
+
+            // If it's the first layer, make sure to fill with backdrop color.
+            if (!base_done)
+                fill_line_background<bgmode, dsttype>(start, end, dst_ptr);
+
+            // Optimization: skip blending mode if no blending can happen to this layer
+            if (objmode == STCKCOLOR && can_skip_blend)
+                render_scanline_objs<dsttype, INDXCOLOR>(layer & 0x3, start, end, dst_ptr, &PLTT[0x100]);
+            else
+                render_scanline_objs<dsttype, objmode>(layer & 0x3, start, end, dst_ptr, &PLTT[0x100]);
+
+            base_done = 1;
+        } else if (!is_obj && ((1 << layer) & enabled_layers)) {
+            bool layer_is_1st_tgt = ((read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDCNT) >> layer) & 1) != 0;
+            bool can_skip_blend = !has_trans_obj && !layer_is_1st_tgt;
+
+            bool is_affine = (video_mode >= 1) && (layer >= 2);
+            u32 fnidx = (base_done) | (is_affine ? 2 : 0);
+
+            // Can optimize rendering if no blending can really happen.
+            // If stack mode, no blending and not base layer, we might speed up a bit
+            if (bgmode == STCKCOLOR && can_skip_blend) {
+                static const tile_render_function rdfns[4] = {
+                    render_scanline_text<dsttype, INDXCOLOR, true>,
+                    render_scanline_text<dsttype, INDXCOLOR, false>,
+                    render_scanline_affine<dsttype, INDXCOLOR, true>,
+                    render_scanline_affine<dsttype, INDXCOLOR, false>,
+                };
+                rdfns[fnidx](layer, start, end, dst_ptr, PLTT);
+            } else {
+                static const tile_render_function rdfns[4] = {
+                    render_scanline_text<dsttype, bgmode, true>,
+                    render_scanline_text<dsttype, bgmode, false>,
+                    render_scanline_affine<dsttype, bgmode, true>,
+                    render_scanline_affine<dsttype, bgmode, false>,
+                };
+                rdfns[fnidx](layer, start, end, dst_ptr, PLTT);
+            }
+
+            base_done = 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Render background if we did not render any active layer.
+    if (!base_done)
+        fill_line_background<bgmode, dsttype>(start, end, dst_ptr);
+}
+
+// Renders all layers honoring color effects (blending, brighten/darken).
+// It uses different rendering routines depending on the coloring effect
+// requirements, speeding up common cases where no effects are used.
+
+// No effects use NORMAL mode (RBB565 color is written on the buffer).
+// For blending, we use BLEND mode to record the two top-most pixels.
+// For other effects we use COLOR16, which records an indexed color in the
+// buffer (used for darken/brighten effects at later passes) or COLOR32,
+// which similarly uses an indexed color for rendering but recording one
+// color for the background and another one for the object layer.
+
+static void render_w_effects(u32 start, u32 end, u16 *scanline, u32 enable_flags, const layer_render_struct *renderers)
+{
+    bool effects_enabled = enable_flags & 0x20; // Window bit for effects.
+    bool obj_blend = obj_alpha_count[read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_VCOUNT)] > 0;
+    u16 bldcnt = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDCNT);
+
+    // If the window bits disable effects, default to NONE
+    u32 effect_type = effects_enabled ? ((bldcnt >> 6) & 0x03) : COL_EFFECT_NONE;
+
+    switch (effect_type) {
+        case COL_EFFECT_BRIGHT: {
+            // If no layers are 1st target, no effect will really happen.
+            bool some_1st_tgt = (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDCNT) & 0x3F) != 0;
+            // If the factor is zero, it's the same as "regular" rendering.
+            bool non_zero_blend = (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDY) & 0x1F) != 0;
+            if (some_1st_tgt && non_zero_blend) {
+                if (obj_blend) {
+                    u32 tmp_buf[DISPLAY_WIDTH];
+                    renderers->indexed_u32(start, end, tmp_buf, enable_flags);
+                    merge_blend<BLEND_BRIGHT, true>(start, end, scanline, tmp_buf);
+                } else {
+                    renderers->indexed_u16(start, end, scanline, enable_flags);
+                    merge_brightness<BLEND_BRIGHT>(start, end, scanline);
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+        } break;
+
+        case COL_EFFECT_DARK: {
+            // If no layers are 1st target, no effect will really happen.
+            bool some_1st_tgt = (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDCNT) & 0x3F) != 0;
+            // If the factor is zero, it's the same as "regular" rendering.
+            bool non_zero_blend = (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDY) & 0x1F) != 0;
+            if (some_1st_tgt && non_zero_blend) {
+                if (obj_blend) {
+                    u32 tmp_buf[DISPLAY_WIDTH];
+                    renderers->indexed_u32(start, end, tmp_buf, enable_flags);
+                    merge_blend<BLEND_DARK, true>(start, end, scanline, tmp_buf);
+                } else {
+                    renderers->indexed_u16(start, end, scanline, enable_flags);
+                    merge_brightness<BLEND_DARK>(start, end, scanline);
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+        } break;
+
+        case COL_EFFECT_BLEND: {
+            // If no layers are 1st or 2nd target, no effect will really happen.
+            bool some_1st_tgt = (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDCNT) & 0x003F) != 0;
+            bool some_2nd_tgt = (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDCNT) & 0x3F00) != 0;
+            // If 1st target is 100% opacity and 2nd is 0%, just render regularly.
+            bool non_trns_tgt = (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDALPHA) & 0x1F1F) != 0x001F;
+            if (some_1st_tgt && some_2nd_tgt && non_trns_tgt) {
+                u32 tmp_buf[DISPLAY_WIDTH];
+                renderers->stacked(start, end, tmp_buf, enable_flags);
+                if (obj_blend)
+                    merge_blend<BLEND_ONLY, true>(start, end, scanline, tmp_buf);
+                else
+                    merge_blend<BLEND_ONLY, false>(start, end, scanline, tmp_buf);
+                return;
+            }
+        } break;
+
+        case COL_EFFECT_NONE:
+            // Default case, see below.
+            break;
+    };
+
+    // Default rendering mode, without layer effects (except perhaps sprites).
+    if (obj_blend) {
+        u32 tmp_buf[DISPLAY_WIDTH];
+        renderers->stacked(start, end, tmp_buf, enable_flags);
+        merge_blend<OBJ_BLEND, true>(start, end, scanline, tmp_buf);
+    } else {
+        renderers->fullcolor(start, end, scanline, enable_flags);
+    }
+}
+
+#define bitmap_layer_render_functions(rdmode, dsttype, mode, ttype, w, h)                                                                  \
+    {                                                                                                                                      \
+        {                                                                                                                                  \
+            render_scanline_bitmap<rdmode, dsttype, mode, ttype, w, h, BLIT, false>,                                                       \
+            render_scanline_bitmap<rdmode, dsttype, mode, ttype, w, h, SCALED, false>,                                                     \
+            render_scanline_bitmap<rdmode, dsttype, mode, ttype, w, h, ROTATED, false>,                                                    \
+        },                                                                                                                                 \
+        {                                                                                                                                  \
+            render_scanline_bitmap<rdmode, dsttype, mode, ttype, w, h, BLIT, true>,                                                        \
+                render_scanline_bitmap<rdmode, dsttype, mode, ttype, w, h, SCALED, true>,                                                  \
+                render_scanline_bitmap<rdmode, dsttype, mode, ttype, w, h, ROTATED, true>,                                                 \
+        }                                                                                                                                  \
+    }
+
+static const bitmap_layer_render_struct idx32_bmrend[3][2]
+    = { bitmap_layer_render_functions(INDXCOLOR, u32, 3, u16, DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT),
+        bitmap_layer_render_functions(INDXCOLOR, u32, 4, u8, DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT),
+        bitmap_layer_render_functions(INDXCOLOR, u32, 5, u16, DISPLAY_HEIGHT, 128) };
+
+// Render the BG and OBJ in a bitmap scanline from start to end ONLY if
+// enable_flag allows that layer/OBJ.
+
+template <rendtype bgmode, rendtype objmode, typename dsttype>
+static void bitmap_render_layers(u32 start, u32 end, dsttype *scanline, u32 enable_flags)
+{
+    u16 dispcnt = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_DISPCNT);
+    bool has_trans_obj = obj_alpha_count[read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_VCOUNT)];
+    bool objlayer_is_1st_tgt = (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDCNT) & 0x10) != 0;
+    bool bg2_is_1st_tgt = (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BLDCNT) & 0x4) != 0;
+
+    // Fill in the renderers for a layer based on the mode type,
+    static const bitmap_layer_render_struct renderers[3][2]
+        = { bitmap_layer_render_functions(bgmode, dsttype, 3, u16, DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT),
+            bitmap_layer_render_functions(bgmode, dsttype, 4, u8, DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT),
+            bitmap_layer_render_functions(bgmode, dsttype, 5, u16, DISPLAY_HEIGHT, 128) };
+
+    const u32 mosamount = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_MOSAIC) & 0xFF;
+    u32 bg_control = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG2CNT);
+    u32 mmode = ((bg_control & 0x40) && (mosamount != 0)) ? 1 : 0;
+
+    unsigned modeidx = (dispcnt & 0x07) - 3;
+    const bitmap_layer_render_struct *mode_rend = &renderers[modeidx][mmode];
+    const bitmap_layer_render_struct *idxm_rend = &idx32_bmrend[modeidx][mmode];
+
+    u32 current_layer;
+    u32 layer_order_pos;
+
+    fill_line_background<bgmode, dsttype>(start, end, scanline);
+
+    for (layer_order_pos = 0; layer_order_pos < layer_count; layer_order_pos++) {
+        current_layer = layer_order[layer_order_pos];
+        if (current_layer & 0x04) {
+            if (enable_flags & 0x10) {
+                bool can_skip_blend = !has_trans_obj && !objlayer_is_1st_tgt;
+
+                // Optimization: skip blending mode if no blending can happen to this layer
+                if (objmode == STCKCOLOR && can_skip_blend)
+                    render_scanline_objs<dsttype, INDXCOLOR>(current_layer & 3, start, end, scanline, &PLTT[0x100]);
+                else
+                    render_scanline_objs<dsttype, objmode>(current_layer & 3, start, end, scanline, &PLTT[0x100]);
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (enable_flags & 0x04) {
+                s32 dx = (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG2PA);
+                s32 dy = (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG2PC);
+
+                // Optimization: Skip stack mode if there's no blending happening.
+                bool can_skip_blend = !has_trans_obj && !bg2_is_1st_tgt;
+                const bitmap_layer_render_struct *rd = (bgmode == STCKCOLOR && can_skip_blend) ? idxm_rend : mode_rend;
+
+                if (dy)
+                    rd->affine_render(start, end, scanline, PLTT);
+                else if (dx == 256)
+                    rd->blit_render(start, end, scanline, PLTT);
+                else
+                    rd->scale_render(start, end, scanline, PLTT);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static const layer_render_struct tile_mode_renderers = {
+    .fullcolor = tile_render_layers<FULLCOLOR, FULLCOLOR, u16>,
+    .indexed_u16 = tile_render_layers<INDXCOLOR, INDXCOLOR, u16>,
+    .indexed_u32 = tile_render_layers<INDXCOLOR, STCKCOLOR, u32>,
+    .stacked = tile_render_layers<STCKCOLOR, STCKCOLOR, u32>,
+};
+
+static const layer_render_struct bitmap_mode_renderers = {
+    .fullcolor = bitmap_render_layers<FULLCOLOR, FULLCOLOR, u16>,
+    .indexed_u16 = bitmap_render_layers<INDXCOLOR, INDXCOLOR, u16>,
+    .indexed_u32 = bitmap_render_layers<INDXCOLOR, STCKCOLOR, u32>,
+    .stacked = bitmap_render_layers<STCKCOLOR, STCKCOLOR, u32>,
+};
+
+// Renders a full scanline, given an enable_flags mask (for which layers and
+// effects are enabled).
+static void render_scanline_conditional(u32 start, u32 end, u16 *scanline, u32 enable_flags)
+{
+    u16 dispcnt = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_DISPCNT);
+    u32 video_mode = dispcnt & 0x07;
+
+    // Check if any layer is actually active.
+    if (layer_count && (enable_flags & 0x1F)) {
+        // Color effects currently only supported in indexed-color modes (tiled and mode 4)
+        if (video_mode < 3)
+            render_w_effects(start, end, scanline, enable_flags, &tile_mode_renderers);
+        else if (video_mode == 4)
+            render_w_effects(start, end, scanline, enable_flags, &bitmap_mode_renderers);
+        else
+            // TODO: Implement mode 3 & 5 color effects (at least partially, ie. ST objs)
+            bitmap_mode_renderers.fullcolor(start, end, scanline, enable_flags);
+    } else
+        // Render the backdrop color, since no layers are enabled/visible.
+        render_backdrop(start, end, scanline);
+}
+
+// Renders the are outside of all active windows
+static void render_windowout_pass(u16 *scanline, u32 start, u32 end)
+{
+    u32 winout = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_WINOUT);
+    u32 wndout_enable = winout & 0x3F;
+
+    render_scanline_conditional(start, end, scanline, wndout_enable);
+}
+
+// Renders window-obj. This is a pixel-level windowing effect, based on sprites
+// (objects) with a special rendering mode (the sprites are not themselves
+// visible but rather "enable" other pixels to be rendered conditionally).
+static void render_windowobj_pass(u16 *scanline, u32 start, u32 end)
+{
+    u32 winout = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_WINOUT);
+    u32 wndout_enable = winout & 0x3F;
+
+    // First we render the "window-out" segment.
+    render_scanline_conditional(start, end, scanline, wndout_enable);
+
+    // Now we render the objects in "copy" mode. This renders the scanline in
+    // WinObj-mode to a temporary buffer and performs a "copy-mode" render.
+    // In this mode, we copy pixels from the temp buffer to the final buffer
+    // whenever an object pixel is rendered.
+    render_scanline_objs<u16, PIXCOPY>(4, start, end, scanline, NULL);
+
+    // TODO: Evaluate whether it's better to render the whole line and copy,
+    // or render subsegments and copy as we go (depends on the pixel/obj count)
+}
+
+// If the window Y coordinates are out of the window range we can skip
+// rendering the inside of the window.
+inline bool in_window_y(u32 vcount, u32 top, u32 bottom)
+{
+    // TODO: check if these are reversed when top-bottom are also reversed.
+    if (top > DISPLAY_HEIGHT + 67) // This causes the window to be invisible
+        return false;
+    if (bottom > DISPLAY_HEIGHT + 67) // This makes it all visible
+        return true;
+
+    if (top > bottom) /* Reversed: if not in the "band" */
+        return vcount > top || vcount <= bottom;
+
+    return vcount >= top && vcount < bottom;
+}
+
+// Renders window 0/1. Checks boundaries and divides the segment into
+// subsegments (if necessary) rendering each one in their right mode.
+// outfn is called for "out-of-window" rendering.
+template <window_render_function outfn, unsigned winnum> static void render_window_n_pass(u16 *scanline, u32 start, u32 end)
+{
+    u32 vcount = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_VCOUNT);
+    // Check the Y coordinates to check if they fall in the right row
+    u32 win_top = WIN_GET_LOWER(*(winreg_t *)(REG_ADDR_WINxV(winnum)));
+    u32 win_bot = WIN_GET_HIGHER(*(winreg_t *)(REG_ADDR_WINxV(winnum)));
+    // Check the X coordinates and generate up to three segments
+    // Clip the coordinates to the [start, end) range.
+    u32 win_lraw = WIN_GET_LOWER(*(winreg_t *)(REG_ADDR_WINxH(winnum)));
+    u32 win_rraw = WIN_GET_HIGHER(*(winreg_t *)(REG_ADDR_WINxH(winnum)));
+    u32 win_l = MAX(start, MIN(end, win_lraw));
+    u32 win_r = MAX(start, MIN(end, win_rraw));
+
+    bool goodwin = win_lraw < win_rraw;
+
+    if (!in_window_y(vcount, win_top, win_bot) || (win_lraw == win_rraw))
+        // WindowN is completely out, just render all out.
+        outfn(scanline, start, end);
+    else {
+        // Render window withtin the clipped range
+        // Enable bits for stuff inside the window (and outside)
+        u32 winin = (*(winreg_t *)REG_ADDR_WININ) & 0xFFFF;
+        u32 wndn_enable = (winin >> (8 * winnum)) & 0x3F;
+
+        // If the window is defined upside down, the areas are inverted.
+        if (goodwin) {
+            // Render [start, win_l) range (which is outside the window)
+            if (win_l != start)
+                outfn(scanline, start, win_l);
+            // Render the actual window0 pixels
+            render_scanline_conditional(win_l, win_r, scanline, wndn_enable);
+            // Render the [win_l, end] range (outside)
+            if (win_r != end)
+                outfn(scanline, win_r, end);
+        } else {
+            // Render [0, win_r) range (which is "inside" window0)
+            if (win_r != start)
+                render_scanline_conditional(start, win_r, scanline, wndn_enable);
+            // The actual window is now outside, render recursively
+            outfn(scanline, win_r, win_l);
+            // Render the [win_l, DISPLAY_WIDTH] range ("inside")
+            if (win_l != end)
+                render_scanline_conditional(win_l, end, scanline, wndn_enable);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Renders a full scaleline, taking into consideration windowing effects.
+// Breaks the rendering step into N steps, for each windowed region.
+static void render_scanline_window(u16 *scanline)
+{
+    u16 dispcnt = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_DISPCNT);
+    u32 win_ctrl = (dispcnt >> 13);
+
+    // Priority decoding for windows
+    switch (win_ctrl) {
+        case 0x0: // No windows are active.
+            render_scanline_conditional(0, DISPLAY_WIDTH, scanline);
+            break;
+
+        case 0x1: // Window 0
+            render_window_n_pass<render_windowout_pass, 0>(scanline, 0, DISPLAY_WIDTH);
+            break;
+
+        case 0x2: // Window 1
+            render_window_n_pass<render_windowout_pass, 1>(scanline, 0, DISPLAY_WIDTH);
+            break;
+
+        case 0x3: // Window 0 & 1
+            render_window_n_pass<render_window_n_pass<render_windowout_pass, 1>, 0>(scanline, 0, DISPLAY_WIDTH);
+            break;
+
+        case 0x4: // Window Obj
+            render_windowobj_pass(scanline, 0, DISPLAY_WIDTH);
+            break;
+
+        case 0x5: // Window 0 & Obj
+            render_window_n_pass<render_windowobj_pass, 0>(scanline, 0, DISPLAY_WIDTH);
+            break;
+
+        case 0x6: // Window 1 & Obj
+            render_window_n_pass<render_windowobj_pass, 1>(scanline, 0, DISPLAY_WIDTH);
+            break;
+
+        case 0x7: // Window 0, 1 & Obj
+            render_window_n_pass<render_window_n_pass<render_windowobj_pass, 1>, 0>(scanline, 0, DISPLAY_WIDTH);
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+static const u8 active_layers[] = {
+    0x1F, // Mode 0, Tile BG0-3 and OBJ
+    0x17, // Mode 1, Tile BG0-2 and OBJ
+    0x1C, // Mode 2, Tile BG2-3 and OBJ
+    0x14, // Mode 3, BMP  BG2 and OBJ
+    0x14, // Mode 4, BMP  BG2 and OBJ
+    0x14, // Mode 5, BMP  BG2 and OBJ
+    0, // Unused
+    0,
+};
+
+void update_scanline(void)
+{
+    u32 pitch = get_screen_pitch();
+    u16 dispcnt = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_DISPCNT);
+    u32 vcount = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_VCOUNT);
+    u16 *screen_offset = get_screen_pixels() + (vcount * pitch);
+    u32 video_mode = dispcnt & 0x07;
+
+    order_layers((dispcnt >> 8) & active_layers[video_mode], vcount);
+
+    // If the screen is in in forced blank draw pure white.
+    if (dispcnt & 0x80)
+        memset(screen_offset, 0xff, DISPLAY_WIDTH * sizeof(u16));
+    else
+        render_scanline_window(screen_offset);
+
+    // Mode 0 does not use any affine params at all.
+    if (video_mode) {
+        // Account for vertical mosaic effect, by correcting affine references.
+        const u32 bgmosv = ((read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_MOSAIC) >> 4) & 0xF) + 1;
+
+        if (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG2CNT) & 0x40) { // Mosaic enabled for this BG
+            if ((vcount % bgmosv) == bgmosv - 1) { // Correct after the last line
+                affine_reference_x[0] += (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG2PB) * bgmosv;
+                affine_reference_y[0] += (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG2PD) * bgmosv;
+            }
+        } else {
+            affine_reference_x[0] += (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG2PB);
+            affine_reference_y[0] += (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG2PD);
+        }
+
+        if (read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG3CNT) & 0x40) {
+            if ((vcount % bgmosv) == bgmosv - 1) {
+                affine_reference_x[1] += (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG3PB) * bgmosv;
+                affine_reference_y[1] += (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG3PD) * bgmosv;
+            }
+        } else {
+            affine_reference_x[1] += (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG3PB);
+            affine_reference_y[1] += (s16)read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_BG3PD);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void gpsp_draw_frame(u16 *framebuf)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    gba_screen_pixels = framebuf;
+
+    // assume that the oam is only updated once before the frame
+    // starts to be drawn
+    u32 dispcnt = read_ioreg(REG_ADDR_DISPCNT);
+    u32 video_mode = dispcnt & 0x07;
+    order_obj(video_mode);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < DISPLAY_HEIGHT; i++) {
+        REG_VCOUNT = i;
+        if (((REG_DISPSTAT >> 8) & 0xFF) == REG_VCOUNT) {
+            REG_DISPSTAT |= INTR_FLAG_VCOUNT;
+            if (REG_DISPSTAT & DISPSTAT_VCOUNT_INTR)
+                gIntrTable[INTR_INDEX_VCOUNT]();
+        }
+        video_reload_counters(false);
+        update_scanline();
+
+        REG_DISPSTAT |= INTR_FLAG_HBLANK;
+
+        RunDMAs(DMA_HBLANK);
+
+        if (REG_DISPSTAT & DISPSTAT_HBLANK_INTR)
+            gIntrTable[INTR_INDEX_HBLANK]();
+
+        REG_DISPSTAT &= ~INTR_FLAG_HBLANK;
+        REG_DISPSTAT &= ~INTR_FLAG_VCOUNT;
+    }
+
+    video_reload_counters(true);
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/platform/win32/win32.c b/src/platform/win32/win32.c
index 21d27dbf9..6df7d1a4e 100644
--- a/src/platform/win32/win32.c
+++ b/src/platform/win32/win32.c
@@ -473,4 +473,4 @@ void *Platform_realloc(void *ptr, size_t numBytes)
 }
 void Platform_free(void *ptr) { HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, ptr); }
 
-void Platform_QueueAudio(const u8 *data, u32 numBytes) { }
+void Platform_QueueAudio(const s16 *data, u32 numBytes) { }
diff --git a/src/sprite.c b/src/sprite.c
index f4a7bbdea..524641702 100644
--- a/src/sprite.c
+++ b/src/sprite.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #include "animation_commands.h"
 #include "platform/platform.h"
 
-#if !PLATFORM_GBA && !PLATFORM_SDL
+#if !PLATFORM_GBA && RENDERER != RENDERER_SOFTWARE
 extern void Platform_DisplaySprite(Sprite *sprite, u8 oamPaletteNum);
 extern void Platform_TransformSprite(Sprite *sprite, SpriteTransform *transform);
 #endif
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ NONMATCH("asm/non_matching/engine/TransformSprite.inc", void TransformSprite(Spr
     // sp24 = s
     UnkSpriteStruct big;
     const SpriteOffset *dimensions = s->dimensions;
-#if PORTABLE && (RENDERER != RENDERER_SOFTWARE)
+#if PORTABLE && RENDERER != RENDERER_SOFTWARE
     Platform_TransformSprite(s, transform);
     return;
 #endif
@@ -727,7 +727,7 @@ void DisplaySprite(Sprite *sprite)
                 oam->split.paletteNum += sprite->palId;
 #endif
 
-#if !PLATFORM_GBA && !PLATFORM_SDL
+#if !PLATFORM_GBA && RENDERER != RENDERER_SOFTWARE
                 // TEMP
                 // Quick hack for getting output in OpenGL test
                 // The whole function call should be replaced by this!
diff --git a/tools/scaninc/source_file.cpp b/tools/scaninc/source_file.cpp
index 9d188eb73..53e258d95 100644
--- a/tools/scaninc/source_file.cpp
+++ b/tools/scaninc/source_file.cpp
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ SourceFileType GetFileType(std::string& path)
 
     std::string extension = path.substr(pos + 1);
 
-    if (extension == "c")
+    if (extension == "c" || extension == "cc")
         return SourceFileType::Cpp;
     else if (extension == "s")
         return SourceFileType::Asm;