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docs/tech-guides/core_metadata_specification.en.md

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## 1. Introduction and motivation
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FAIRagro offers a metadata framework for publishing research datasets in the agrosystem domain and is meant to be implemented in data publication services such as Research Data Infrastructures (RDIs) and data repositories.
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For generic metadata, the Publication Metadata Set builds on [Schema.org](https://schema.org) and other standards ([DC Terms](https://www.dublincore.org/specifications/dublin-core/dcmi-terms/){:target="_blank"}, [DCAT](https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat-3/){:target="_blank"}) and combines these to define a set of types, properties and cardinalities and links between the types.
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For generic metadata, the Publication Metadata Set builds on [Schema.org](https://schema.org){:target="_blank"} and other standards ([DC Terms](https://www.dublincore.org/specifications/dublin-core/dcmi-terms/){:target="_blank"}, [DCAT](https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat-3/){:target="_blank"}) and combines these to define a set of types, properties and cardinalities and links between the types.
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Domain specific metadata is expressed through the Agrischemas framework. It additionaly builds on [Bioschemas](https://bioschemas.org/){:target="_blank"} to add agricultural related information to [Dataset](https://schema.org/Dataset){:target="_blank"} metadata with a focus on increasing its findability. It uses existing [types](https://bioschemas.org/types/){:target="_blank"} and [properties](https://schema.org/Property){:target="_blank"} and recommends semantic concepts to achieve interoperability. It can be implemented in already existing Schema.org interfaces by mapping domain-specific information available in local data/metadata to structures described in this document. **Agrischemas offers a list of recommended types and properties for findability based on this approach.**
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```
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#### 2.1.14 Version
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**Definition:** "The version number of the dataset."
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<br>**Cardinality:** 0-1
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<br>**Range:** Text
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**Definition:** The version number of the dataset.
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**Cardinality:** 0-1
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**Range:** Text
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**Representation:**
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```
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#### 2.1.15 Format
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**Definition:** "The file format(s) of the dataset."
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<br>**Cardinality:** 0-n
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<br>**Range:** Text
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**Definition:** The file format(s) of the dataset.
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**Cardinality:** 0-n
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**Range:** Text
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**Representation:**
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#### 2.1.16 Production date
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**Definition:** "The date when the data were produced (not distributed, published, or archived)." (Definition taken from Dataverse)
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<br>**Cardinality:** 0-1
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<br>**Range:** Date or DateTime (ISO 8601)
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**Definition:** The date when the data were produced (not distributed, published, or archived). (Definition taken from Dataverse)
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**Cardinality:** 0-1
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**Range:** Date or DateTime (ISO 8601)
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**Representation:**
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#### 2.1.17 Distribution date
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**Definition:** "The date when the Dataset was made available for distribution/presentation." (Definition taken from Dataverse)
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<br>**Cardinality:** 0-1
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<br>**Range:** Date or DateTime (ISO 8601)
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**Definition:** The date when the Dataset was made available for distribution/presentation. (Definition taken from Dataverse)
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**Cardinality:** 0-1
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**Range:** Date or DateTime (ISO 8601)
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**Representation:**
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#### 2.1.18 Update date
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**Definition:** "The date on which the Dataset was most recently modified or when the item's entry was modified " (Definition changed from [https://schema.org/dateModified](https://schema.org/dateModified))
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<br>**Cardinality:** 0-1
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<br>**Range:** Date or DateTime (ISO 8601)
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**Definition:** The date on which the Dataset was most recently modified or when the item's entry was modified.” (Definition changed from [https://schema.org/dateModified](https://schema.org/dateModified){:target="_blank"})
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**Cardinality:** 0-1
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**Range:** Date or DateTime (ISO 8601)
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**Representation:**
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#### 2.1.19 Language
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**Definition:** "A language that the Dataset's files is written in." (Definition taken from Dataverse)
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<br>**Cardinality:** 0-n
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<br>**Range:** Text
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<br>**Comment:** Use language codes from [https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47](https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47).
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**Definition:** A language that the Dataset's files is written in. (Definition taken from Dataverse)
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**Cardinality:** 0-n
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**Range:** Text
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**Comment:** Use language codes from [https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47](https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47){:target="_blank"}.
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**Representation:**
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#### 2.1.20 Access rights
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**Definition:** "Information about who accesses the resource or an indication of its security status." (taken from [http://purl.org/dc/terms/accessRights](http://purl.org/dc/terms/accessRights))
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<br>**Cardinality:** 0-n
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<br>**Range:** Text
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<br>**Comment:** Values for access rights statements can e.g. be "restricted", or "internal" or can come from a controlled vocabulary.
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**Definition:** Information about who accesses the resource or an indication of its security status. (taken from [http://purl.org/dc/terms/accessRights](http://purl.org/dc/terms/accessRights){:target="_blank"})
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**Cardinality:** 0-n
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**Range:** Text
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**Comment:** Values for access rights statements can e.g. be restricted, or internal or can come from a controlled vocabulary.
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**Representation:**
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#### 2.1.21 Source RDI
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**Definition:** "The original Research Data Infrastructure that the dataset was published by."
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<br>**Cardinality:** 1
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<br>**Range:** DataCatalog
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**Definition:** The original Research Data Infrastructure that the dataset was published by.
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**Cardinality:** 1
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**Range:** DataCatalog
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**Representation:**
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#### 2.1.22 Has part
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**Definition:** "Indicates a Dataset or CreativeWork that is part of this item." (Definition changed from [https://schema.org/hasPart](https://schema.org/hasPart))
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<br>**Cardinality:** 0-n
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<br>**Range:** Dataset/CreativeWork
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**Definition:** Indicates a Dataset or CreativeWork that is part of this item. (Definition changed from [https://schema.org/hasPart](https://schema.org/hasPart){:target="_blank"})
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**Cardinality:** 0-n
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**Range:** Dataset/CreativeWork
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#### 2.1.23 Is part of
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**Definition:** "Indicates a Dataset or CreativeWork that this item." (Definition changed from [https://schema.org/isPartOf](https://schema.org/isPartOf))
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<br>**Cardinality:** 0-n
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<br>**Range:** Dataset/CreativeWork
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**Definition:** Indicates a Dataset or CreativeWork that this item. (Definition changed from [https://schema.org/isPartOf](https://schema.org/isPartOf){:target="_blank"})
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**Cardinality:** 0-n
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**Range:** Dataset/CreativeWork
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#### 2.1.24 Is based on
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**Definition:** "A resource from which this Dataset is derived or from which it is a modification or adaptation. " (Definition changed from [https://schema.org/isBasedOn](https://schema.org/isBasedOn))
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<br>**Cardinality:** 0-n
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<br>**Range:** Dataset/CreativeWork
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**Definition:** A resource from which this Dataset is derived or from which it is a modification or adaptation.(Definition changed from [https://schema.org/isBasedOn](https://schema.org/isBasedOn){:target="_blank"})
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**Cardinality:** 0-n
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**Range:** Dataset/CreativeWork
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#### 2.1.25 Access type
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**Definition:** "A flag to signal that the item, event, or place is accessible for free." (Definition taken from [https://schema.org/isAccessibleForFree](https://schema.org/isAccessibleForFree))
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<br>**Cardinality:** 0-1
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<br>**Range:** Boolean
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**Definition:** A flag to signal that the item, event, or place is accessible for free. (Definition taken from [https://schema.org/isAccessibleForFree](https://schema.org/isAccessibleForFree){:target="_blank"})
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**Cardinality:** 0-1
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**Range:** Boolean
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#### 2.1.26 Spatial resolution
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**Definition:** "Minimum spatial separation resolvable in a dataset, measured in meters." (Definition taken from DCAT)
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<br>**Cardinality:** 0-1
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<br>**Range:** Text / [xsd:decimal](https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#decimal)
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**Definition:** Minimum spatial separation resolvable in a dataset, measured in meters. (Definition taken from DCAT)
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**Cardinality:** 0-1
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**Range:** Text / [xsd:decimal](https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#decimal){:target="_blank"}
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### 2.2 Person/Organization
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**Person definition:** A person (alive, dead, undead, or fictional). (Definition taken from [https://schema.org/Person](https://schema.org/Person))
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**Person definition:** A person (alive, dead, undead, or fictional). (Definition taken from [https://schema.org/Person](https://schema.org/Person){:target="_blank"})
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**Organization definition:** An organization such as a school, NGO, corporation, club, etc. (Definition taken from [https://schema.org/Organization](https://schema.org/Organization))
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**Organization definition:** An organization such as a school, NGO, corporation, club, etc..” (Definition taken from [https://schema.org/Organization](https://schema.org/Organization){:target="_blank"})
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#### 2.2.1 Type
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**Definition:** "Defines if an entity is a person or an organization."
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<br>**Cardinality:** 1
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<br>**Range:**[https://schema.org/Person](https://schema.org/Person) / [https://schema.org/Organization](https://schema.org/Organization)
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<br>**Comment**: Choosing the correct type depends on the property it is used for as a value. For the "author" property, it will most likely be a [https://schema.org/Person](https://schema.org/Person), whereas it will most likely be a [https://schema.org/Organization](https://schema.org/Organization) as a value for the "affiliation" property.
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**Definition:** “Defines if an entity is a person or an organization.”
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**Cardinality:** 1
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**Range:**[https://schema.org/Person](https://schema.org/Person){:target="_blank"} / [https://schema.org/Organization](https://schema.org/Organization){:target="_blank"}
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**Comment**: Choosing the correct type depends on the property it is used for as a value. For the “author” property, it will most likely be a [https://schema.org/Person](https://schema.org/Person){:target="_blank"}, whereas it will most likely be a [https://schema.org/Organization](https://schema.org/Organization){:target="_blank"} as a value for the “affiliation” property.
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#### 2.2.2 Name
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**Definition:** "The name of the person or the organization." (Definition changed from Dataverse)
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**Definition:** The name of the person or the organization. (Definition changed from Dataverse)
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**Cardinality:** 1
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**Range:** Text
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#### 2.2.3 Affiliation (Person)
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**Definition:** "The name of the organization the person is affiliated with, e.g. an organization's name." (Definition changed from Dataverse)
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<br>**Cardinality:** 1
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<br>**Range:** Text
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**Definition:** The name of the organization the person is affiliated with, e.g. an organization's name. (Definition changed from Dataverse)
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**Cardinality:** 1
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**Range:** Text
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#### 2.2.4 Identifier
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**Definition:** "Uniquely identifies a person/organization when paired with an identifier type." (changed from DataVerse)
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<br>**Cardinality:** 1
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<br>**Range:** Identifier
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**Definition:** Uniquely identifies a person/organization when paired with an identifier type. (changed from DataVerse)
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**Cardinality:** 1
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**Range:** Identifier
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#### 2.2.4 E-Mail
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**Definition:** "A person/organization contact email address." (Definition changed from Dataverse)
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<br>**Cardinality:** 0-1
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<br>**Range:** Text
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**Definition:** A person/organization contact email address. (Definition changed from Dataverse)
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**Cardinality:** 0-1
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**Representation:**
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