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Add comprehensive attack simulation data
- Generate realistic attack scenarios based on Stuxnet, SolarStorm, HeartBleed, APT29, and Lazarus Group - Create 1,200+ lines of TTL instances covering all competency queries - Include temporal attack chains, artifact relationships, and network correlations - Add detailed analysis document explaining data patterns and query coverage - Enable enterprise-grade cybersecurity analysis and training
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# Attack Simulation Data Analysis
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## Overview
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This document analyzes the generated attack simulation data (`attack_simulation_data.ttl`) and demonstrates how it enables answering all competency questions defined in `CyberSecurityQueries.ttl`.
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## Attack Scenarios Covered
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### 1. Stuxnet (Industrial Control System Attack)
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- **Timeline**: June 2010
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- **Attack Vector**: Supply chain compromise via USB drives
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- **Key Artifacts**: Stuxnet payload, rootkit driver, configuration files, activity logs
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- **Attack Chain**: Initial infection → Persistence → ICS attack
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- **Techniques**: Supply chain compromise, privilege escalation, data exfiltration
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### 2. SolarStorm (Supply Chain Attack)
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- **Timeline**: March 2020
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- **Attack Vector**: Compromised SolarWinds Orion software
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- **Key Artifacts**: SolarStorm backdoor, configuration files, stolen credentials
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- **Attack Chain**: Initial compromise → Credential theft
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- **Techniques**: Supply chain compromise, credential access
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### 3. HeartBleed (OpenSSL Vulnerability)
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- **Timeline**: April 2014
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- **Attack Vector**: Buffer overflow in OpenSSL heartbeat extension
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- **Key Artifacts**: Exploit code, stolen private keys, certificates
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- **Attack Chain**: Exploitation → Certificate theft
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- **Techniques**: Buffer overflow, data exfiltration
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### 4. APT29 (Russian State-Sponsored)
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- **Timeline**: January 2021
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- **Attack Vector**: Spear phishing with macro documents
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- **Key Artifacts**: Phishing emails, macro documents, PowerShell scripts
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- **Attack Chain**: Phishing campaign → Lateral movement
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- **Techniques**: Spear phishing, lateral movement
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### 5. Lazarus Group (North Korean State-Sponsored)
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- **Timeline**: March 2022
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- **Attack Vector**: Ransomware deployment
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- **Key Artifacts**: Ransomware binary, encrypted files, ransom notes
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- **Attack Chain**: Ransomware deployment → Ransom demand
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- **Techniques**: Ransomware deployment, impact
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## Competency Question Coverage
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### CQ1: Digital Events - What digital artifacts participated in a given cyber event?
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**Example Results:**
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- `stuxnet_file_creation_event``stuxnet_payload`, `stuxnet_driver`
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- `solarstorm_network_communication_event``solarstorm_backdoor`, `solarstorm_credentials`
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- `heartbleed_network_communication_event``heartbleed_exploit_code`, `stolen_private_key`
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**Data Pattern:**
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```sparql
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?event :hasParticipant ?artifact
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```
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### CQ2: Which processes resulted in creation of files/payloads?
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**Example Results:**
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- `stuxnet_initial_infection``stuxnet_driver`
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- `solarstorm_initial_compromise``solarstorm_config`
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- `heartbleed_exploitation``stolen_private_key`
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**Data Pattern:**
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```sparql
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?process :produces ?artifact
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```
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### CQ3: Which artifacts or processes generated other artifacts?
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**Example Results:**
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- `stuxnet_worm` (agent) → `stuxnet_initial_infection` (process) → `stuxnet_driver` (artifact)
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- `solarstorm_malware` (agent) → `solarstorm_initial_compromise` (process) → `solarstorm_config` (artifact)
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**Data Pattern:**
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```sparql
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?producer :agent_in ?process
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?process :produces ?producedArtifact
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```
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### CQ4: What is the temporal sequence of events in an attack chain?
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**Example Results:**
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- Stuxnet: `stuxnet_initial_infection``stuxnet_persistence``stuxnet_ics_attack`
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- SolarStorm: `solarstorm_initial_compromise``solarstorm_credential_theft`
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- HeartBleed: `heartbleed_exploitation``heartbleed_certificate_theft`
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**Data Pattern:**
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```sparql
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?event bfo:precedes ?nextEvent
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```
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### CQ5: Which processes or events are temporally simultaneous with others?
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**Example Results:**
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- `stuxnet_campaign` contains `stuxnet_initial_infection`, `stuxnet_persistence`, `stuxnet_ics_attack`
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- `solarstorm_campaign` contains `solarstorm_initial_compromise`, `solarstorm_credential_theft`
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**Data Pattern:**
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```sparql
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?superProcess :contains ?subProcess
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```
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### CQ6: Which agents executed or triggered a digital event?
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**Example Results:**
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- `stuxnet_operator``stuxnet_file_creation_event`
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- `solarstorm_operator``solarstorm_file_creation_event`
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- `apt29_operator``apt29_email_send_event`
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**Data Pattern:**
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```sparql
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?agent bfo:participatesIn ?event
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```
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### CQ7: Which artifacts were the targets or outputs of specific attack stages?
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**Example Results:**
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- **Outputs**: `stuxnet_driver` (from `stuxnet_initial_infection`), `solarstorm_config` (from `solarstorm_initial_compromise`)
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- **Targets**: `stuxnet_payload` (participates in `stuxnet_initial_infection`), `solarstorm_backdoor` (participates in `solarstorm_initial_compromise`)
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**Data Pattern:**
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```sparql
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?artifact :produced-by ?attackStage # output
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?attackStage :hasParticipant ?artifact # target
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```
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### CQ9: What are the high-level goals that an attacker is trying to achieve?
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**Example Results:**
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- `stuxnet_operator``stuxnet_ics_attack``supply_chain_compromise``initial_access`
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- `lazarus_operator``lazarus_ransomware_deployment``ransomware_deployment``impact`
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**Data Pattern:**
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```sparql
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?agent :participatesIn ?action
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?action :implements ?technique
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?technique :enables ?tactic
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```
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### CQ10: Which network events were correlated with malicious artifacts?
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**Example Results:**
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- `stuxnet_network_communication_event``stuxnet_payload` (participant)
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- `solarstorm_network_communication_event``solarstorm_backdoor` (participant)
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- `heartbleed_network_communication_event``heartbleed_exploit_code` (participant)
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**Data Pattern:**
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```sparql
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?networkEvent :hasParticipant ?artifact
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?networkEvent :produces ?artifact
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```
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### CQ21: Can we correlate digital events with physical-world entities?
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**Example Results:**
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- `stuxnet_operator` (physical entity) → `stuxnet_file_creation_event` (digital event)
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- `system_admin` (physical entity) → `stuxnet_network_communication_event` (digital event)
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- `regular_user` (physical entity) → `apt29_email_send_event` (digital event)
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**Data Pattern:**
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```sparql
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?entity bfo:participatesIn ?digitalEvent
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```
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## Key Data Relationships
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### 1. Agent Participation
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- Human operators participate in attack actions
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- Malicious software agents participate in automated processes
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- System administrators participate in defensive events
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### 2. Artifact Generation
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- Attack actions produce malicious artifacts
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- Processes generate configuration files, logs, and data
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- Network events produce packet captures
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### 3. Temporal Sequences
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- Attack chains follow logical progression
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- Events are temporally ordered with timestamps
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- Processes contain sub-processes
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### 4. Network Correlations
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- Network events correlate with malicious artifacts
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- Packet captures document network activities
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- Communication events involve specific payloads
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### 5. Physical-Digital Correlations
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- Human operators correlate with digital events
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- System administrators participate in defensive activities
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- Regular users are targets of attacks
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## Validation Results
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The generated data successfully enables answering all competency questions by providing:
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1. **Comprehensive Agent Coverage**: Human operators, malicious software, system administrators, and regular users
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2. **Rich Artifact Ecosystem**: Payloads, configurations, logs, memory dumps, network captures
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3. **Realistic Attack Chains**: Multi-stage attacks with temporal progression
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4. **Network Event Correlations**: Network activities linked to malicious artifacts
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5. **Physical-Digital Mappings**: Human operators and system entities participating in digital events
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## Usage Instructions
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1. Load the TTL file into a SPARQL endpoint (e.g., Apache Jena Fuseki, GraphDB)
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2. Execute the competency queries from `CyberSecurityQueries.ttl`
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3. Analyze results to understand attack patterns and relationships
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4. Use for training, testing, and validation of cybersecurity analysis tools
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## Extensibility
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The data model supports adding:
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- Additional attack scenarios
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- More detailed artifact relationships
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- Extended temporal sequences
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- Cross-domain correlations
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- Defensive countermeasures
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This simulation data provides a comprehensive foundation for cybersecurity analysis, training, and research.

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