feat: state of private voting

Author: NicoSerranoP

content/articles/state-of-private-voting-2026.md

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+---
+authors: [
+    "Private Governance Team",
+    "Shutter Network",
+    "John Guilding",
+    "Anton Valov",
+    "Nico Serrano",
+  ] # Add your name or multiple authors in an array
+title: "State of Private Voting 2026" # The title of your article
+image: "/articles/state-of-private-voting-2026/cover.webp" # Image used as cover,  Keep in mind the image size, where possible use .webp format, possibly images less then 200/300kb
+tldr: "A report that provides an overview of private voting protocols on Ethereum, including criteria for examination, comparisons of different solutions, recommendations, and future work." #Short summary
+date: "2025-11-10" # Publication date in ISO format
+# canonical: "mirror.xyz/my-new-article" # (Optional) The original source URL, this tells search engines the primary version of the content
+tags: ["privacy", "governance", "voting", "DAOs", "MACI"] # (Optional) Add relevant tags as an array of strings to categorize the article
+#projects: ["project-1"]
+---
+
+Private voting is a critical component of decentralized governance, ensuring that participants can cast their votes without fear of coercion or retribution. As the landscape of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) and on-chain elections continues to evolve, the need for robust private voting mechanisms becomes increasingly apparent. The [Shutter Network - LINK TO THEIR REPORT](https://www.shutter.network/) and PSE teams have prepared a report to provide an overview of the current state of private voting protocols on Ethereum, examining various solutions, their strengths and weaknesses, and recommendations for future development.
+
+The report covers the following areas:
+
+- The need for private voting
+- The challenges of private voting
+- In-depth analysis of private voting protocols, including:
+  - [Freedom Tool](https://freedomtool.org/)
+  - [MACI V3](https://maci.pse.dev/)
+  - [Semaphore V4](https://semaphore.pse.dev/)
+  - [Shutter - Shielded Voting](https://www.shutter.network/shielded-voting)
+  - [SIV](https://siv.org/)
+  - [Incendia](http://incendia.tech/)
+  - [DAVINCI](https://davinci.vote/)
+  - [Aragon/Aztec](https://research.aragon.org/nouns.html)
+  - [Cicada](https://github.com/a16z/cicada)
+  - [Enclave](https://www.enclave.gg/)
+  - [Kite](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.05626)
+  - [Shutter - Permanent Shielded Voting](https://www.shutter.network/shielded-voting)
+- Recommendations
+- Future work
+
+The following is a summary table comparing the different private voting protocols based on the defined properties. You can find more details and information in the full report.
+
+![Private voting protocols comparison table](/articles/state-of-private-voting-2026/table.webp)
+
+We hope you find this report useful and informative as we continue to explore and develop private voting solutions for decentralized governance. We believe the community is doing an amazing job pushing the boundaries of this particular field, and we look forward to seeing how these protocols evolve.
+
+Reach out with your feedback, questions, or suggestions for future work in the comments on Twitter / X via [@zkMACI](https://twitter.com/zkMACI) or [@ShutterNetwork](https://x.com/ShutterNetwork).
+
+Privacy is normal.
+<br/>
+<br/>
+<br/>
+
+## PDF Report
+
+The full PDF report can be accessed [**HERE**](https://pse.dev/articles/state-of-private-voting-2026/state-of-private-voting-2026.pdf).