Cherrypick in extras changes

[damccorm]

It would be nice for all of these to go together

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[damccorm]

R: @claudevdm

[gemini-code-assist]

Summary of Changes

Hello @damccorm, I'm Gemini Code Assist¹! I'm currently reviewing this pull request and will post my feedback shortly. In the meantime, here's a summary to help you and other reviewers quickly get up to speed!

This pull request implements a significant refactoring of Apache Beam's Python dependency management. It transitions several previously bundled dependencies, such as those for Hadoop FileSystem, Redis, and TFRecord, into optional 'extras.' This change aims to streamline the core package, reduce its footprint, and offer users more granular control over their installations. Consequently, users who rely on these functionalities will now need to explicitly install the relevant extras to ensure their pipelines continue to function as expected. The changes are thoroughly documented in 'CHANGES.md' to guide users through this breaking change.

Highlights

• Python Dependency Refactoring: Several core Python dependencies, including those for Hadoop FileSystem, Redis, TFRecord, YAML, interactive features, and GCP, have been transitioned into optional 'extras'. This reduces the base package size and allows for more selective installations.
• Updated Installation Instructions: Users now need to explicitly install these extras (e.g., 'pip install apache-beam[hadoop]') if their pipelines rely on the corresponding functionalities. The 'CHANGES.md' file has been updated with detailed guidance, including a comprehensive command to retain previous behavior.
• Hadoop FileSystem Adaptation: The 'hdfs' library, previously a direct dependency, is now dynamically imported within 'apache_beam/io/hadoopfilesystem.py'. If the 'hadoop' extra is not installed, an 'ImportError' is raised with clear instructions for the user.
• Test Environment Alignment: The testing configurations in 'tox.ini' and 'hadoopfilesystem_test.py' have been updated to reflect the new dependency structure. Tests for 'HadoopFileSystem' are now conditionally skipped if the 'hdfs' extra is not present, ensuring consistency.

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