feat: Add input/output specific artifact repository. Fixes #14883 #26144

Job	Run time
Get changed files	9s
argo-images (argocli)	6m 12s
argo-images (argoexec)	4m 43s
Unit Tests	9m 20s
Windows Unit Tests	13m 8s
Codegen	9m 41s
Lint	5m 55s
Build Binaries (cli)	3m 11s
Build Binaries (controller)	2m 15s
UI	0s
E2E Tests (test-corefunctional, minimal, false)	21m 8s
E2E Tests (test-api, mysql, true)	15m 5s
E2E Tests (test-executor, minimal, false)	17m 20s
E2E Tests (test-api, postgres, true)	14m 30s
E2E Tests (test-plugins, plugins, false)	9m 7s
E2E Tests (test-metrics, mysql, true)	14m 30s
E2E Tests (test-python-sdk, minimal, true)	8m 41s
E2E Tests (test-executor, min, minimal, false)	20m 16s
E2E Tests (test-cron, minimal, false, 0)	23m 44s
E2E Tests (test-java-sdk, minimal, true)	14m 42s
E2E Tests (test-dbsemaphore, min, postgres, false)	13m 14s
E2E Tests (test-corefunctional, min, minimal, false)	21m 6s
E2E Tests (test-examples, minimal, false)	11m 45s
E2E Tests (test-metrics, postgres, true)	17m 33s
E2E Tests (test-dbsemaphore, min, mysql, false)	11m 14s
E2E Tests (test-functional, minimal, false)	28m 2s
E2E Tests (test-functional, min, minimal, false)	27m 38s
E2E Tests (test-cli, mysql, true)	18m 31s
E2E Tests - Composite result	3s
	6h 2m 43s

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