Free Structures and Algebraic Data Types

This release focuses on two main topics: free structures and algebraic data types.

Free structures

4 free algebraic structures were defined as typealiases of existing and brand new data structures, that is:

• NonEmptyArray (brand new) -> FreeSemigroup;
• Array -> FreeMonoid;
• Multiset (a.k.a. Bag, brand new) -> FreeCommutativeMonoid;
• Set -> FreeBoundedSemilattice.

A free representation for Semiring was also provided, with the type SetM (a Set where elements are monoids).

Algebraic data types

3 algebraic data types were added, that is, data types that exist only for combining other types in interesting ways, that is:

• Product<A,B>, representing A and B at the same time;
• Coproduct<A,B>, representing either A or B;
• Inclusive<A,B>, representing one of the following:
  • only type A;
  • only type B;
  • both types A and B.

These types have definitions for the algebraic structures depending on the contained types: e.g. Product<A,B> is a Monoid if A and B are monoids.

Finally, the Function type was included among the algebraic data types.

Update to Swift 4.1

Many changes:

• new project structure, focused on separation of abstractions from concrete types;
• use of conditional conformance throughout the whole project;
• new Function type that selectively conforms to the protocols depending on the output type;
• a couple of new concrete types.

Carthage support

Now Abstract properly builds with Carthage.

A nice starting point

The basics are done. I'm trying this release to see if I can integrate Abstract with another project via SwiftPM.